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Leg and ankle joint Flashcards

(78 cards)

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1
Q

What are the compartments of the lower leg

A

anterior
lateral
deep + superficial posterior

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2
Q

What separates the anterior and the posterior compartment

A

interosseous membrane

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3
Q

What separates the anterior and the lateral compartment

A

intermuscular septum

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4
Q

What separates the lateral and the posterior compartment

A

intermuscular septum

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5
Q

what separates the deep and superficial posterior comparments

A

deep transverse intermuscular septum

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6
Q

what surrounds all of the compartments of the lower leg

A

crurofascia

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7
Q

what is the neurovascular supply of the anterior compartment of the lower leg

A

deep fibular/perineal nerve

ant fibial artery and vein

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8
Q

what is the nerve supply of the lateral compartment of the lower leg

A

sup perineal nerve

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9
Q

what is the nerve supply of the posterior compartment of the leg

A

tibial nerve

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10
Q

What type of joint is the superior tibio fibular joint

A

synovial

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11
Q

What type of joint is the inferior tibio fibular joint

A

fibrous

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12
Q

What are the retinaculae of the ankle

A

superior and interior retinaculae

superior and inferior perineal retinaculae

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13
Q

What are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg

A

tibialis anterior
extensor hallucis longus
extensor digitorum longus

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14
Q

What is the origin of tibialis anterior

A

lateral surface of tibia

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15
Q

What is the attachment of tibialis anterior

A

medial cuneiform + base of 1st metatarsal

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16
Q

What is the innervation of tibialis anterior

A

deep fibular nerve

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17
Q

What is the function of tibialis anterior

A

dorsiflexion and inversion

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18
Q

Describe tibialis anterior

A

O: lateral surface of tibia
A: medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal
I: deep fibular nerve
dorsiflextion

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19
Q

What is the origin of extensor hallucis longus

A

medial surface of fibular shaft

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20
Q

What is the attachment of extensor hallucis longus

A

distal phalanx of greater toe

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21
Q

What is the innervation of extensor hallucis longus

A

deep fibular nerve

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22
Q

What is the function of extensor hallucis longus

A

extension of great toe and dorsiflexion of foot

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23
Q

Describe extensor hallucis longus

A

O: medial surface of fibular shaft
A: distal phalanx of greater toe
I: deep fibular nerve
Fn; extension of great toe and dorsiflexion of foot

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24
Q

What is the origin of extensor digitorum longus

A

lateral condyle of tibia and medial surface of fibula

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25
What is the attachment of extensor digitorum longus
tendon splits into 4 - inserting into the lateral 4 toes
26
What is the innervation of extensor digitorum longus
deep fibular nerve
27
What is the function of extensor digitorum longus
extension of 4 toes + dorsiflexion of feet
28
Describe extensor digitorum longus
O: lateral condyle of tibia and medial surface of fibula A: tendon splits into 4 - inserting into the lateral 4 toes I: deep fibular nerve Fn: extension of 4 toes + dorsiflexion
29
What % of the population has peroneus tertius
85%, its involved in eversion
30
What are the muscles in the lateral compartment of the lower leg
fibularis longus and brevis
31
What is the origin of fibularis longus
superior and lateral surface of fibula + lateral tibial condyle
32
What is the attachment of fibularis longus
the fibres converge to a tendon which passes posteriorly to the malleolus the tendon crosses under the foot and attaches to medial cuneiform and base of metatarsal I
33
What is the innervation of fibularis longus
superficial fibular nerve (L4 - S1)
34
What is the function of fibularis longus
eversion and plantarflexion of foot
35
Describe fibularis longus
O: superior and lateral surface of fibula and latera tibial condyle A: the fibres converge to a tendon which passes posteriorly to the malleolus the tendon crosses under the foot and attaches to medial cuneiform bones I: superficial fibular nerve (L4 - S1) Fn: eversion and plantar flexion of foot
36
What is the origin of fibularis brevis
inferolateral surface of fibular shaft
37
What is the attachment of fibularis brevis
tendon passes posteriorly to medial malleolus but under the tendon of fibularis longus; then attaches to metatarsal V
38
What is the innervation of fibularis brevis
superficial fibular nerve
39
What is the function of fibularis brevis
eversion of the foot
40
What are the superficial muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg
gastrocnemius plantaris soleus
41
What is the origin of gastrocnemius
lateral head: lateral femoral condyle | medial head: medial femoral condyle
42
What is the attachment gastrocnemius
calconeal tendon
43
What is the innervation of gastrocnemius
tibial nerve
44
What is the function of gastrocnemius
plantar flexion
45
Describe gastrocnemius
``` O: lateral head - lateral femoral condyle medial head - medial femoral condyle A: calconeal tendon I: tibial nerve Fn: plantar flexion ```
46
What is the origin of plantaris
lateral supracondylar line of femur
47
What is the attachment of plantaris
calconeal tendon
48
What is the innervation of plantaris
tibial nerve
49
What is the function of plantaris
plantar flexion
50
Describe plantaris
O: lateral supracondylar line of femur A: calconeal tendon I: tibial nerve Fn: plantar flexion
51
What is the origin of soleus
soleal line of the tibia and proximal fibular area
52
What is the attachment of soleus
calconeal tendon
53
What is the innervation of soleus
tibial nerve
54
What is the function of soleus
plantar flexion
55
Describe soleus
O: soleal line of the tibia and proximal fibular area A: calconeal tendon I: tibial nerve Fn: plantar flexion
56
What are the deep muscles of the posterior compartment of the lower leg
Popliteus Tibialis posterior flexor digitorum longus flexor hallucis longus
57
What is the origin of popliteus
lateral condyle of femur
58
What is the attachment of popliteus
tibia - above soleal line
59
What is the innervation of popliteus
tibial nerve
60
What is the function of popliteus
laterally rotates femur on tibia, unlocking the knee beginning flexion
61
Describe popliteus
O: lateral condyle of femur A: tibia above soleal line I: tibial nerve Fn: laterally rotates femur on tibia, unlocking the knee beginning flexion
62
What is the origin of tibialis posterior
interosseous membrane
63
What is the attachment of tibialis posterior
medial tarsal bones + plantar surfaces
64
What is the innervation of tibialis posterior
tibial nerve
65
What is the function of tibialis posterior
plantar flexion of foot and eversion of foot
66
Describe tibialis posterior
O: interosseous membrane A: medial tarsal bones + plantar surfaces I: tibial nerve Fn: plantar flextion of foot and eversion of foot
67
What is the origin of flexor digitorum longus
medial surface of tibia
68
What is the attachment of flexor digitorum longus
plantar surfaces of lateral 4 digits
69
What is the innervation of flexor digitorum longus
tibial nerve
70
What is the function of flexor digitorum longus
plantar flexion of foot and eversion of foot
71
Describe flexor digitorum longus
O: medial surface of tibia A: plantar surfaces of lateral 4 digits I: tibial nerve Fn: plantar flexion of foot and eversion of foot
72
What is the origin of flexor hallucis longus
posterior surface of fibula
73
What is the attachment of flexor hallucis longus
plantar surface if phalanx of greater toe
74
What is the innervation of flexor hallucis longus
tibial nerve
75
What is the function of flexor hallucis longus
flexion of lateral 4 digits
76
Describe flexor hallucis longus
O: posterior surface of fibula A: plantar surface of phalanx of greater toe I: tibial nerve Fn: flexion of lateral 4 digits
77
What is the most likely ligament to be torn in the ankle?
anterior talofibular
78
What is the ligament that snaps in a forced eversion injury
deltoid ligament

GBE (48 decks)

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