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Shoulder and arm I Flashcards

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1
Q

What is raising your shoulders called?

A

Elevation

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2
Q

What is lowering your shoulders called?

A

Depression

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3
Q

What is bringing your shoulders forward called?

A

Protraction

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4
Q

What is bringing your shoulders back called?

A

Retraction

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5
Q

What is bringing you arms above your head called at your shoulders

A

Upward rotation

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6
Q

What is lowering your arms called at the shoulder?

A

Downwards rotation

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7
Q

What are the deep posterior axioappendicular muscles?

A

Levator scapulae
Rhomboid minor
Rhomboid major

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8
Q

What are the superficial posterior axioappendicular muscles?

A

Trapezius
Latissimus dorsi
Serratus anterior

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9
Q

What do deep posterior axio appendicular muscles do?

A

Elevate, retract, rotate scapula

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10
Q

What do superficial posterior axio appendicular muscles do?

A

Extend, adduct and medially rotate humerus

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11
Q

Describe levator scapulae

A

O: transverse processes of C1-C4 vertebrae
A: medial border of scapulae
I: dorsal scapular nerve
F: elevate, retract, rotate scapula

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12
Q

What is the origin of levator spinae

A

Transverse processes of C1-C4 vertebrae

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13
Q

What is the attachment of levator spinae

A

Medial border of the scapula

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14
Q

What is the innervation of levator spinae

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

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15
Q

What is the function of levator spinae

A

Elevation, retraction and rotation of scapula

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16
Q

Describe rhomboid major

A

O: spinous processes of T2-T5
A: medial border of scapula, below the spine of the scapula
I: dorsal scapular nerve
F: elevation, retraction and rotation of scapula

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17
Q

What is the origin of rhomboid major?

A

Spinous processes of T2-T5

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18
Q

What is the attachment of rhomboid major?

A

Medial border of scapula, below the spine of the scapula

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19
Q

What is the innervation of rhomboid major?

A

The dorsal scapular nerve

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20
Q

What is the function of rhomboid major?

A

Elevate, retract, rotate scapula

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21
Q

Describe rhomboid minor?

A

O: transverse processes of C7-T1 vertebrae
A: medial border of scapula
I: dorsal scapular nerve
F: Elevates, retracts, rotates scapula

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22
Q

What is the origin of rhomboid minor?

A

Transverse processes of C7-T1

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23
Q

What is the attachment of rhomboid minor?

A

Medial border of scapula

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24
Q

What is the innervation of rhomboid minor?

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

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25
What is the function of rhomboid minor?
Elevate, retract, rotates scapula
26
What do the superficial axioappendicular muscles do?
Extend, adduct, medially rotate the humerus at the GH joint
27
What are the superficial axioappendicular muscles?
Latissimus dorsi Trapezius Serratus anterior
28
Describe latissimus dorsi
O: T6-T12 + iliac crest + thoracocolumnar fascia + inf 3 ribs A: fibres converge to a tendon at the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus I: thoracodorsal nerve F: Extension, adduction, medial rotation
29
What is the origin of latissimus dorsi?
T6-T12, iliac crest, thoracocolumnar fascia + inf 3 ribs
30
What is the attachment of latissimus dorsi?
Fibres converge to a tendon at the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus
31
What is the innervation of latissimus dorsi?
Thoracodorsal nerve
32
Describe trapezius
O: Skull, C7-T12 A: Clavicle and acromion spine of scapula I: Motor via accessory nerve and proprioception via C3,4 Fn: extension, adduction and medial rotation of humerus at GH joint
33
What is the origin of trapezius?
Skull, C7-T12
34
What is the attachment of trapezius?
Clavicle and the acromion of the scapula
35
What is the innervation of trapezius?
motor via accessory nerve (CXI) | proprioceptive via C3,4
36
What is the function of trapezius?
extension, adduction and lateral rotation of the humerus
37
Describe serratus anterior
O: lateral aspects of ribs 1-8 A: medial border of the scapula against the ribcage I: long thoracic nerve Fn: protracts and rotates scapula
38
What is the origin of serratus anterior?
Lateral aspects of ribs 1-8
39
What is the attachment of serratus anterior?
Medial border of the scapula against the rib cage
40
What is the innervation of serratus anterior?
Long dorsal nerve
41
What is the function of serratus anterior?
protraction and rotation of scapula
42
What are the anterior axioappendicular muscles?
Pec major, minor | subclavius
43
Describe pec major
O: ant surface of the medial clavicle, anterior surface of sternum, 6 costal cartilages and then aponeurosis of the ext oblique A: intertubercular sulcus of the humerus I: lateral and medial pectoral nerves Fn: adduction, flexion, medial rotation of humerus
44
What is the origin of pec major
ant surface of the medial clavicle + ant surface of the sternum, 6 costal cartilages, aponeurosis of the external oblique
45
What is the attachment of pec major?
Intertubercular sulcus of humerus
46
What is the innervation of pec major?
Lateral and medial pectoral nerves
47
What is the function of pec major?
Adduction, medial rotation, flexion of the humerus
48
Describe pec minor
O: ribs 3-5 A: coracoid process of scapula I: medial pectoral nerve Fn: depression and protraction of scapula
49
What is the origin of pec minor?
Ribs 3-5
50
What is the attachment of pec minor?
Coracoid process of scapula
51
What is the innervation of pec minor?
Medical pectoral nerve
52
What is the function of pec minor?
Protraction and depression
53
Describe subclavius
O: junction of first rib and costal cartilage A: inf surface of the middle 1/3 of clavicle I: nerve to subclavius Fn: depresses clavicle
54
What is the scapulo-humeral rhythm?
When there is 180 degree abduction of the arm; 120 comes from GH joint and 60 from rotation of scapula
55
What is the function of the articular capsule of the GH joint?
Allows for complete abduction of the arm
56
What type of joint is the glenohumeral joint?
Synovial, ball + socket
57
What are the ligaments of the glenohumeral joint?
Coracohumeral glenohumeral (sup, mid, inf) acromioclavicular trapezoid + conoid = coracoclavicular lig
58
Describe the deltoid muscle
``` O: scapula and clavicle A: deltoid tuberosity on lateral surface of humerus I: axillary nerve Fn: depends on fibre. ant - flexion and medial rotation post - extension and lateral rotation middle - abductor of arm >15* ```
59
What is the origin of the deltoid muscle
Scapula and clavicle
60
What is the attachment of the deltoid
deltoid tuberosity of humerus
61
What is the innervation of deltoid
axillary nerve
62
What are the functions of deltoid?
Ant: flexion and medial rotation Post: extension and lateral rotation Middle: abductor >15*
63
What are the muscles on the posterior of the scapula?
``` TITS Teres major infraspinatus teres minor supraspinatus ```
64
Describe teres major
O: post surface of inf angle of scapula A: intertubercular groove of humerus I: lower subscapular nerve Fn: adduction + medial rotation
65
What is the origin of teres major?
The post surface of int angle of scapula
66
What is the attachment of teres major?
Intertubercular sulcus of humerus
67
What is the innervation of teres major?
Lower subscapular nerve
68
What is the function of teres major?
Adduction and medial rotation of arm
69
Describe infraspinatous
O: infraspinous fossa of the scapula A: greater tubercle of humerus I: suprascapular nerve Fn: lateral rotation of the arm
70
What is the attachment of infraspinatous?
Greater tubercle of the humerus
71
What is the origin of infraspinatous?
Infraspinous fossa of the scapula
72
What is the innervation of infraspinatous?
Suprascapular nerve
73
What is the function of infraspinatous?
Lateral rotation of the arm
74
Describe teres minor
O: posterior surface of the scapula A: greater tubercle of the humerus I: axillary nerve Fn: laterally rotates arm
75
What is the origin of teres minor?
posterior surface of the scapula
76
What is the attachment of teres minor?
greater tubercle of the humerus
77
What is the innervation of teres minor?
The axillary nerve
78
What is the function of teres minor?
Lateral rotation of the arm
79
Describe supraspinatus
O: supraspinous fossa of the scapula A: greater tubercle of the humerus I: suprascapular nerve Fn: starts abduction of the arm <15*
80
What is the origin of supraspinatus
Supraspinous foss of scapula
81
What is the attachment of supraspinatus
greater tubercle of the humerus
82
What is the innervation of supraspinatus
Suprascapular nerve
83
What is the function of supraspinatous
Starts abduction of the arm <15*
84
How do you remember the attachment of the TITS muscles?
ITS attaches to the greater tubercle of the humerus except | Teres major attaches to the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus
85
Describe subscapularis
O: subscapular fossa of scapula A: lesser tubercle of the humerus I: upper + lower subscapular nerve Fn: medial rotation of the arm
86
Is the greater tubercle medial or lateral to the lesser tubercle on the humerus
lateral
87
What is the origin of susbapularis?
Subscapular fossa of the scapula
88
What is the attachment of subscapularis?
Lesser tubercle of the humerus
89
What is the innervation of subscapularis?
upper and lower subscapular nerve
90
What is the function of subscapularis?
Medial rotation of the arm
91
What are the muscles that make up the rotator cuff?
``` SITS Subscapularis Infraspinous Teres minor Supraspinous ```

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