Legalities

Question 1

What is pharmacology?

Answer 1

• Study of effects of drugs on the function of living systems
• Divided into pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics

Question 2

What is clinical pharmacology?

Answer 2

• Study of the effects of drugs in treating disease in individual patients

Question 3

What are the 3 types of drug names?

Answer 3

• Chemical names
• Generic name
• Proprietary name

Question 4

What is the Veterinary Medicine Directorate (VMD)?

Answer 4

• UK regulatory authority for veterinary medicines

Question 5

What is the role of the VMD?

Answer 5

• Monitor and act on reports of adverse events
• Advise government ministers on developing veterinary medicines policy
• Control how veterinary medicine are made and distributed

Question 6

How are veterinary medicinal products (VMP) defined by the EU?

Answer 6

• Medicinal by presentation, so substances that have properties to cure, treat, prevent, relieve, heal, or an anthelmintic or antibiotic.
• Medicinal by function, so substances that have properties that exert medicinal effect or restore, correct or modify a physiological function.

Question 7

What are the 4 classifications of VMP?

Answer 7

• Prescription-only medicine-veterinarian (POM-V)
• Prescription-only medicine-veterinarian, pharmacist, suitably qualified person (POM-VPS)
• Non-food animal- veterinarian, pharmacist, suitably qualified person (NFA-VPS)
• Authorised veterinary medicine-general sales list (AVM-GSL)

Question 8

What are POM-V VMP?

Answer 8

• VMP only prescribed by a VS following a clinical assessment; VS may administer or supply the medication or provide a written prescription to obtain the product from another VS or registered pharmacist

Question 9

What are POM-VPS VMP?

Answer 9

• VMP prescribed by a VS, P, or SQP
• No requirement for a clinical assessment
• Mainly authorised for administration to food producing animals

Question 10

What are NFA-VPS VMP?

Answer 10

• VMP are products given to non-food producing animals to routinely prevent or reduce endemic disease; only supplied by a VS, P, SQP.

Question 11

What are AVM-GSL VMP?

Answer 11

• VMP that are considered to have a wide margin of safety, which may be supplied with no special advice.
• Must be supplied from a registered, authorised or approved premises

Question 12

What does A.C mean?

Answer 12

Before Meals

Question 13

What does Ad Lib mean?

Answer 13

At pleasure

Question 14

What does Amp mean?

Answer 14

Ampoule

Question 15

What does BID mean?

Answer 15

Twice daily

Question 16

What does Cap mean?

Answer 16

Capsule

Question 17

What does EOD mean?

Answer 17

Every other day

Question 18

What does OM mean?

Answer 18

At morning

Question 19

What does ON mean?

Answer 19

At night

Question 20

What does PC mean?

Answer 20

After meals

Question 21

What does PRN mean?

Answer 21

As required

Question 22

What does Q mean?

Answer 22

Every

Question 23

What does DID/QDS mean?

Answer 23

Four times daily

Question 24

What does QS mean?

Answer 24

A sufficient quantity

Question 25

What does SID mean?

Answer 25

Once daily

Question 26

What does stat mean?

Answer 26

Immediately

Question 26

What does sig mean?

Answer 26

Directions/label

Question 27

What does susp mean?

Answer 27

Suspension

Question 28

What does tab mean?

Answer 28

Tablet

Question 29

What does TID mean?

Answer 29

Three times daily

Question 30

What is the misuse of drugs act 1971?

Answer 30

- Legislation that controls the availability of drugs that are considered dangerous or otherwise harmful. - The MDA classifies CD's by letter (Class A,B,C) and describes the penalty associated with possession, intent, to supply and use.

Question 31

What is the misuse of drugs (safe custody) regulations 1973?

Answer 31

- Cabinet must be attached by substantial bolts to the fabric of the building - Should be doubled locked - Cabinet should always be locked when not in use - Should be for the sale of storing CDs - Cabinet should not be labelled as a CD cabinet - Keys must only be available to authorised staff

Question 32

What is the misuse of drugs regulations 2001 (The 5 schedules)?

Answer 32

- Schedule 1= Have little therapeutic value in vet med e.g., LSD or cannabis - Schedule 2= Much therapeutic effects in vet med but are highly addictive e.g., morphine, methadone, ketamine - Schedule 3= Also have therapeutic value but less likely to be abused e.g., Tramadol, buprenorphine - Schedule 4= No need for strict pharmacy regulations e.g., diazepam and anabolic steroids - Schedule 5= Very low strength exempt from any custodial requirements e.g., pardale

Question 33

Describe Schedule 2 drugs

Answer 33

- Needs to be in safe custody - Have extra prescription requirements - Only 28 days prescribing validity - On the CDs register

Question 34

Describe Schedule 3 drugs

Answer 34

- Exceptions apply for safe custody - Have extra prescription requirements - Only 28 day prescribing validity

Question 35

Describe Schedule 4 drugs

Answer 35

- Only 28 days prescribing validity

Question 36

Describe Schedule 5 drugs

Answer 36

- Only has 6 months prescribing validity

Question 37

What are the main requirements for a CD register in dispensing?

Answer 37

- Quantity of drug dispensed and waste of drug needs to be recorded - Co-signing (VS signature) - Animal and owner details - Date - Running Total

Question 38

What are the main requirements for a CD register in ordering?

Answer 38

- VS signature and details - Record delivery - Keep invoice for 2 years - Running Total - Company order forms

Question 39

What are the CD book requirements?

Answer 39

- Separate book for each drug and strength - Computer or bound book - Needs to be written in ink or digitally - Editing not allowed - Chronological order - For schedule 2 drugs only - Has to be kept on the premises - Have to keep for 2 years