Les 29, 30

Question 1

(Les. 29) Discrete Trial Training (DTT)

Answer 1

An ABA-based intervention in which skills are task analyzed, and each of the smaller (discrete) skills are taught through repetition of stimulus presentation, prompting, and reinforcement. These skills are then systematically recombined into the larger skills or skill sets and are taught for generalization, discrimination, and maintenance

Question 2

Primary Reinforcement

Answer 2

Unlearned, biologically innate reinforcement that does not require teaching, such as food.

Question 3

Conditioned Reinforcement

Answer 3

Reinforcement that is learned via pairing with primary reinforcement.
- we’re going to begin by using little bitty, tiny bits of preferred food items like little bits of candies or fruits. But we want to quickly move into conditioned reinforcers. These are reinforcers that are paired with primary reinforcers and become reinforcing in and of themselves.

Question 4

DTT Instructional Stages

Answer 4

Acquisition
Discrimination
Generalization
Stimulus Control
Maintenance

Question 5

The DTT format s-re (auditory to visual matching to sample task)

Answer 5

Question 6

Inter-trial interval?

Answer 6

Trial 1 - time between - Trial 2

Question 7

Discrimination

Answer 7

Behavior occurs in the presence of specific stimuli but not in the presence of similar stimuli.
- We begin by making it very easy to see the difference between the right response and the wrong response or the correct time to say or do something and the incorrect time to say or do something.

Question 8

Multiple Exemplar Training

Answer 8

Teaching multiple examples of the SD (e.g. fruit) and the SΔ (e.g. non-fruit) until the concept is able to be applied to untrained stimuli.
- Memorizing is not the same as concept formation. With multiple exemplar training, we are going for concept formation.

Question 9

Generalization

Answer 9

Behavior that occurs in response to similar stimuli without additional training.

Question 10

Stimulus Control

Answer 10

When a stimulus reliably elicits a behavior even without direct, immediate reinforcement.
- behavior is automatic, the stimulus is here and I’m doing it, regardless of whether there’s reinforcement or not.

Question 11

Behavior Reduction Plan / Behavior Intervention Plan

Answer 11

A written set of instructions for preventing and responding to problem behaviors, which is based on functional behavior assessment results.

Question 12

Behavioral crisis

Answer 12

A situation in which a person’s behavior requires immediate intervention to prevent serious harm.

Question 13

Objective statements are:

Answer 13

1) Factual
2) Emotion-Free
3) Assumption-Free

Question 14

Debriefing

Answer 14

Formal, systematic questioning of participants following a mission or undertaking in order to obtain useful information.

Question 15

Who/when published an article about the challenges and obstacles to implementing behavioral analytic procedures in a natural setting

Answer 15

in 1974, Reppucci & Saunders

Question 16

Staffing patterns

Answer 16

Staffing patterns can even apply in a home when we think about if there are certain procedures that need to be implemented at a particularly dense schedule, for example, and there’s only mom and dad there to implement the procedure. And maybe there are multiple children in the home and due to one parent working, there are periods of time in which only one parent is home with multiple children.

Question 17

Scope of authority

Answer 17

means that in different natural settings, especially ones that are created through organizations with a bureaucracy, certain people within that organization may be authorized to do things that other people are not

Question 18

scheduling limitations

Answer 18

if the mand is to go to the store, but the organization has rules about days in which trips to the store can be made. That’s certainly going to create obstacles for doing that functional communication training in the generalization stage.

Question 19

examples of negative peer pressure

Answer 19

Question 20

de-escalation

Answer 20

reduction of the intensity of a conflict or potentially violent situation