Lesson 1 Flashcards

0
Q

Three parts to the Golden Hour

A

To Be in and operating room within 60 minutes

Major trauma patients cannot be stabilized in the field

Efficient use of time requiring the use of priority action approach

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1
Q

Role of the attendant (4)

A

Provide care

Positively affect outcome

Record and report

Decision-RTW or medical aid

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2
Q

Four parts to the priority action approach

A

Scene assessment

Primary Survey

Critical interventions and transport decision

Secondary survey

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3
Q

6 parts scene Assessment

A

What happened? (Mechanism of injury)

Is the area safe? (hazards)

Number of injured?

what do I see?

Is patient responsive?

Do I need C-spine control?

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4
Q

RTC

A

Rapid transport category

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5
Q

8 RTC mechanisms

A

Freefall from 20 feet or 6.5 m

Severe deceleration in an MVA (if anyone was killed or ejected, where the airbags deployed)

Pedestrian or cyclist struck at a speed higher than 20 mph or 30 km/h

Severe crush injuries (pinned more than 40 minutes)

Smoke or toxic gas inhalation, or carbon monoxide poisoning

Decompression illness

Near-drowning

Electrical injury

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6
Q

Define Primary Survey

A

Rapid examination of the patient to discover any immediate life- or limb threatening injuries

Based on the ABC’s

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7
Q

Describe Primary Survey ABC’s

A

Airway assessment with C-spine control

Breathing assessment

Circulation assessment

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8
Q

The initial part of the primary survey is to determine what

A

If the patient is in cardiac arrest

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9
Q

Cardiac arrest determined by three parts

A

Not responsive and

Not breathing or having only occasional gasps and

No carotid pulse

  • basically no ABC’s
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10
Q

If cardiac arrest is determined

A

Chest compressions or AED immediately

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11
Q

Determining cardiac arrest in four steps (ABC’s)

A

Attempt to communicate with patient-any response?

No response-open airway and check for breathing

No breathing or only occasional gasps-check for carotid pulse

Assess breathing and pulse for 10 seconds

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12
Q

Checking for breathing

Trauma and non-trauma methods

A

Trauma-using C-spine control and a jaw thrust

No trauma-head-tilt chin-lift

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13
Q

Airway assessment

A

Airway must be opened

Look, listen and feel for breathing

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14
Q

Aligning the head six parts

A

Take C-spine control with elbows braced

Explain what is going to be done

Tell patient to report any pain or resistance

Apply a gentle pull in line with the head

Gently realigned to anatomical then neutral

Stop if it resistance is met

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15
Q

breathing Assessment 3 parts

A

Rate

Quality

Need for interventions

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16
Q

Shortness of breath aka

A

Dyspnea

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17
Q

Circulatory assessment 4 parts

A

Determine if the heart is beating

Check for shock

Check for-
Massive external bleeding
Obvious fractures

Determine need for critical interventions

18
Q

What is blood pressure

A

The pressure of blood against the walls of the arteries

19
Q

What are the ABC reassessments

A

Clear airway

Rate and quality of breathing

I radial pulse, obvious signs of shock

20
Q

ABC reassessments occur

A

Every 5 minutes on an RTC patient

Every 10 minutes on a non-RTC patient

21
Q

Time to complete the primary survey

A

Not longer than two minutes

  • however can only be interrupted or extended for critical interventions
22
Q

Three parts to a secondary survey

A

Vital signs

History taking

Head to toe examination

23
Q

Time to complete as secondary survey

A

Not longer than 10 minutes

  • for an RTC patient, secondary survey will be done enroute to the hospital
24
Q

Vital signs

A

In-depth measurement of the body functions to help determine the overall condition of the patient

25
Q

Vital signs not required when

A

If the patient will be returning to work

26
Q

Vital sign reassessments occur

A

Every 10 minutes for RTC patients

Every 30 minutes for non-RTC patients

27
Q

Vital signs: list of six

A
Time
Respiration
Pulse
Level of consciousness
Pupils
Skin
28
Q

What is normal respiration

A

Between 12 and 20 per minute

29
Q

What is normal pulse

A

Between 60 to 80 per minute

30
Q

Glasgow coma score 3 parts

A

Eye opening 4

Verbal response 5

Motor response 6

       Total of 15
31
Q

History taking 4 parts

A

Chief complaint

Allergies

Medications

Past medical history

32
Q

PPQRRST mnemonic for investigating pain

A
P pain
P provoke
Q Quality of pain
R radiating
R relieve the pain
S severity 1 to 10
T timing
33
Q

Medication questions five parts

A
Name of drug
Dose
Frequency
Purpose
Compliance
34
Q

Head to toe examination three parts

A

Physical examination

Neurological examination
Motor and sensory

Record all findings

35
Q

Physical examination investigates two parts

A

All injuries

Limbs circulation

36
Q

First rule of first aid

A

Protect yourself first! (ensure that the scene is safe)

37
Q

You are allowed to let go of C-spine under what condition

A

In cardiac arrest for chest compressions or AED (said Earl Lowe)

38
Q

Define agonal respiration

A

They appear to be breathing but not breathing effectively

39
Q

In determining cardiac arrest, assessment of breathing and pulse should not exceed how many seconds

A

10 seconds

40
Q

In 90% of unconscious airway blockages, the blockages are caused by what

A

The tongue

41
Q

A carotid pulse only means the blood pressure is in what range

A

Between 60 and 90

42
Q

Purpose of the rapid body survey (RBS)

A

To look for major bleeding or other gross deformity