ضمير - lesson 10 and 12 rule

Question 1

what is ضمير and what does it do?

Answer 1

ضمير is a posessive pro noun. when you add a pro-noun to an end of a noun that will show ownership or belonging to an object.

Question 2

what are the 5 ضمير?

Answer 2

1. كتابك (kitabuKA, your book, M)
2. كتابك (kitabuKE, your book, F)
3. كتابه (kitabuHU, his book, M)
4. كتابها (kitabuHA, her book)
5. كتابي (my book, M+F)

Question 3

for the words أب and أخ, before you have to use any of these ضمير, you have to…

Answer 3

Add a وَ between them. Ex: akhooke/ka (your bro), abooka/ke(your dad). the harakat of KAF doesn’t change to a feminine ضمير. ضمير are indeclinable words.

Question 4

Enda can also mean…

Answer 4

“to have”. When its with a ضمير: ai endaka قلم؟ (do you have a pen, M)

Question 5

when the Lam is attached to a ضمير, what happens?

Answer 5

The kasra on the Lam will turn into fathah. (LaKa, for you)

Question 6

whats the difference between Lam and enda?

Answer 6

• Lam is only used for things that you cannot separate from (family members, body parts)
• Enda is used for things you can separate from. (objects, animals)

Question 7

what are the 2 types of ضمير?

Answer 7

1. attached - mutassil, KAF, KE, NA. Our pen - قلمنا
2. unattached-munfasil, HOM, HUMA, KUM, KUMA. (plural of huwa) Ex: Hum Tejarun-they are traders. Kaf-you

Question 8

since أنت is also you, can we still use it if theres a ضمير?

Answer 8

you don’t need to. Kaf/ke - (you) posessive pro noun (mudaf)
Ex: هذا كتابك