Lesson 11: Research Procedures

Question 1

Fish collection method selected depends on?

Answer 1

the goals of the project, the species involved, the age of the fish, and its environment.

Question 2

Ideally, the collation method will be the one that is the?

Answer 2

Least stressful to the fish, maximizes collection of target fish, minimizes camper of bystander fish, and has a low potential to harm fish or personnel.

Question 3

Small mesh may?

Answer 3

Prevent gill entrapment and capture duration should be less than 30 min.

Question 4

Fish generally recover but survivability depends on?

Answer 4

The location of the fish relative to the source of the current, the fish’s body size, as well as the strength and frequency of the electric power source.

Question 5

Before handling to prevent vomiting and defecation, fish should be?

Answer 5

Fasted

Question 6

Fish should be handled with care to prevent damage to the?

Answer 6

Mucus-skin barrier

Question 7

Why should indirect or dim light be used when handling fish?

Answer 7

It produces a calming effect on the fish.

Question 8

Fish should not be exposed to the air for more than?

Answer 8

30 seconds and the gills must remain moist.

Question 9

Where to put the needle for blood collection?

Answer 9

The body between the scales.

Question 10

Should the fish be anesthetized when taking blood?

Answer 10

Yes

Question 11

Which vein (or artery) is the most common for blood collection?

Answer 11

The caudal vein.

Question 12

For repeated sampling, a _____ should be placed?

Answer 12

Cannula

Question 13

Recommended blood volume per collection is?

Answer 13

1 mL/kg of body weight

Question 14

hematocrit?

Answer 14

Ratio volume of red blood cells to the volume of blood.

Question 15

How should the needle enter?

Answer 15

Oral: Feed or gavage. The dose should not exceed 1% of body weight (1ml/100g).

Branchial diffusion (waterborne): Branchial diffusion is the most common route for chemical administration, because of the gill’s large surface area.

*IV: Caudal vein or artery is most commonly used. For repeated administrations, a cannula should be placed.

*ICe (intracoelomic): Preferred site is on the midline and cranial to the pelvic fin. Short needles are recommended to avoid potentially penetrating and damaging abdominal organs.

*IM: Give dose in the large dorsal epaxial and abdominal muscles. Avoid the lateral line and ventral blood vessels.

*Implants: Bioabsorbable or nonabsorbable implants can be surgically implanted in the peritoneal cavity or into muscle using a trocar. Use caution to avoid potentially penetrating and damaging abdominal organs and ventral blood vessels.

Topical: This technique is not typically used in adult or juvenile fish. This technique works well for exposing eggs to chemical agents.

Question 16

What is the oldest and most widely used method for identifying individual or groups of fish?

Answer 16

External tags

Question 17

Common clinical signs of pain and distress in fish may include one or more of the following:

Answer 17

Changes in eye condition, fin and skin condition, mucus production, and/or color
Changes in feed consumption
Changes in feeding activity
Changes in respiratory rate
Changes in orientation in the water (upright, upside down, tilted, etc.)
Changes in social interactions, such as direct attacks, domination of choice tank locations, schooling, and social isolation
Lack of response to external stimulation
Hyperactivity or hypoactivity
Abnormal movements such as flashing (erratic swimming) or scraping the body against hard surfaces in the tank
Unexpected jumping or escape behavior
Avoidance reaction to mechanical prod or light beam