Lesson 2 Flashcards

(42 cards)

1
Q

Clear awareness and understanding of something

A

Knowledge

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2
Q

Propositions observed to be real/truthful

A

Facts

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3
Q

Statements not evidently known to be true

A

Claim

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4
Q

5 Perspectives on Truth

A
  1. Justified or proven through yhe use of senses
  2. Based on facts
  3. Getting consensus/common belief
  4. Prove statement through action
  5. Claims & beliefs should be tested
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5
Q

Go beyond providing facts, provide conclusions/perspective

A

Opinions

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6
Q

Judgement based on certain facts

A

Conclusions

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7
Q

Statements expressing convictions that are not easily and clearly explained by facts

A

Beliefs

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8
Q

Statements that assume the claim to be true and provide reasons why they are true

A

Explanation

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9
Q

Series of statements that provide reasons to convince the reader or listener that a claim is truthful

A

Arguments

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10
Q

Branch of Philosophy that focuses on the analysis of arguments

A

Logic

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11
Q

Do Philosophers not assume that everything is true?

A

Yes

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12
Q

Drives our desire to discover truth

A

Doubt

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13
Q
  • Applied by philosophers
  • Follows a process
  • Scrutinized and analyzed
A

Systematic Doubt

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14
Q

Difference between the following statements:

  1. I am a Filipino.
  2. Am I a Filipino?
A
  1. Statement
  2. Doubt
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15
Q

Statements about the world or
reality. It may or may not carry the truth. It
usually started as short statements or sentences.

A

Prepositions

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16
Q

the clear awareness and
understanding of something. The product of
questions that allow clear answers provided by
facts.

A

Knowledge

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17
Q

Propositions which are observed to be
real or truthful.

18
Q

Statements that are not evidently known
to be true. Statements that need further
examination to establish whether it is true or
false.

19
Q

What are the perspectives on truth?

A

1.If it can be justified or proven through the use
of one’s senses.
2.If it is based on facts.
3.Getting consensus or having people agree on a
common belief.
4. Requires a person to prove a statement
through an action.
5. Claims and beliefs should be subjected to
tests to determine truth.

20
Q

It go beyond providing facts. They
provide conclusions or perspective.

21
Q

A judgment based on certain
facts.

22
Q

statements that expresses convictions that are not easily and clearly
explained by facts.

23
Q

statements that assume the
claim to be true and provide reasons why the
statements are true.

24
Q

series of statements that
provide reasons to convince the reader or
listener that a claim is truthful.

25
the branch of Philosophy that focuses on the analysis of arguments.
Logic
26
Arguments that are based on faulty reasoning. Some of it may be intentional.
Fallacy
27
attacking the person presenting the argument instead of the argument itself.
Ad Hominem
28
using the threat of force or an undesirable event to advance an argument
Appeal to Force
29
using emotions such as pity or sympathy
Appeal to Emotion
30
the idea is presented as acceptable because a lot of people accept it
Appeal to Popular
31
the idea is acceptable because it has been true for a long time
Appeal to Tradition
32
assuming the thing or idea to proven is true
Begging the Question or Circular Argument
33
assuming a cause and effect relationship between unrelated events
Cause-and-Effect
34
assuming that what is true of a part is true for the whole
Fallacy of a Composition
35
assuming that what is true for the whole is true for its parts
Fallacy of Division
36
personal view of the person presenting it.
Bias
37
tendency to judge a person’s personality by his actions.
Correspondence bias or attribution effect
38
look for and readily accept information which fits one;s own beliefs or rejects the ideas that go against it
Confirmation bias
39
focusing on a certain aspect of a problem while ignoring other aspects
Framing
40
tendency to see past events as predictable/ pattern to historical events
Hindsight
41
a person or group is connected or vested interest in the issue being discussed
Conflict of Interest
42
analyzing an event based on one;s cultural standard
Cultural Bias