Lesson 2 Flashcards

(10 cards)

1
Q

Name factors affecting enzyme action

A

pH, temperature, substrate and enzyme concentration, inhibitors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How do high temperatures affect enzymes?

A

Temps above optimum increases vibrations which can break hydrogen bonds and very high temperatures can completely denature enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Why do extreme pHs decrease enzyme action?

A

Electrostatic charge of chains of amino acids could be altered and repel substrate if they have same change and can denature enzyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How do competitive inhibitors decrease enzyme action?

A

• Similar shape to substrate
• So can be complementary to enzyme and prevents actual substrate from binding
• Less substrate complexes formed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe the difference between competitive and non-competitive inhibitors

A

Non comp-inhibitors bind to allosteric site which changes shape of normal active site meaning no substrate complexes can be formed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is an immobilised enzyme?

A

Enzyme which is fixed, trapped or bound to an inert matric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name ways in which an enzyme can be immobilised

A

Adsorption onto matrix, covalent bonding to a support, trapping within a fibrous matrix, encapsulation behind a selectively permeable membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Why are immobilised enzymes on membrane good?

A

Beads on a surface are more accessible whereas enzymes in beads need time to diffuse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe advantages of immobilised enzymes

A

• Easily removed for reuse and to control reaction rate
• Product not contaminated
• Increased stability over wider range of temps and pH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Describe uses of immobilised enzymes and fuse

A

• Lactose free milk - Immobilised lactase hydrolyses lactose
• Biosensors - Rapidly detect low conc. of certain substance in complex mixture such as blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly