Lesson 2 - Contrast

Question 1

are contrast agents drugs

Answer 1

yes, may produce a physiologic response in the body

Question 2

positive contrast agents

Answer 2

adds density
appears white or light

Question 3

What compound is commonly used in imaging the GI system

Answer 3

barium sulfate

Question 4

flocculation

Answer 4

stomach acid causes clumping, causing the contrast agent to come out of suspension
stabilizing agents sodium carbonate or sodium citrate

Question 5

contradictions to barium sulfate

Answer 5

1. perforation in the digestivre tract
2. External hemorrhoids
3. age
4. sedated patients

Question 6

Should female patients be asked if they can feel the enema tip

Answer 6

yeah

Question 7

barium sulfate after care instructions

Answer 7

drink plenty of water

Question 8

hypervolemia

Answer 8

body has too much fluid
drowsiness

Question 9

barium pneumonia

Answer 9

aspiration of barium sulfate

Question 10

what is water soluble contrast media primary used for

Answer 10

adding density to vasculature

Question 11

osmolality

Answer 11

measure of the total number of particles in solution per kilogram of solvent

Question 12

why do u heat up water soluble iodinated contrast media

Answer 12

reduces the viscosity

Question 13

urticaria

Answer 13

hives

Question 14

allergic effects of intravenous contrast media

Answer 14

hives - cardiac arrest

Question 15

vasovagal

Answer 15

Anxiety before an exam can cause fainting

Question 16

contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN)

Answer 16

Reversible acute renal failure due to contrast

Question 17

good indication of compromised renal function

Answer 17

increased urea nitrogen, increased creatinine

Question 18

glomerular filtration rate values*

Answer 18

less than 30ml/min= no contrast
inbetween 30 and 40 = contrast with hydration
larger than 40ml/min = contrast

Question 19

dialysis

Answer 19

doing the kidneys function through a machine

Question 20

metformin

Answer 20

increases glucose uptake by cells
used to treat diabetes

Question 21

negative contrast agents

Answer 21

appears black

Question 22

Syringes for parenteral drug administration

Answer 22

hypodermic
prefilled

Question 23

parts of a syringe

Answer 23

tip
barrel
plunger

Question 24

parts of a needle

Answer 24

hub
cannula/ shaft
bevel

Question 25

how are needles sized

Answer 25

according to length and gauge

Question 26

what is gauge

Answer 26

thickness or diameter of the needle inversely proportional large-gauge finer needle

Question 27

needle sizes and colours

Answer 27

18; green 20; pink 22; blue

Question 28

leur lock syringe

Answer 28

the locking device holds the syringe and needle in place

Question 29

packaging for intravascular, subcutaneous, intradermal injections

Answer 29

ampule or vial

Question 30

bolus vs infusion

Answer 30

infusion is larger amount of drug over longer time bolus is designated amount of drug over short period of time

Question 31

vanipuncture

Answer 31

IV

Question 32

whats an angiocath

Answer 32

needle to put in IVs has a flash chamber

Question 33

extravasation of intravenous contrast

Answer 33

small volume of contrast outside of the veins

Question 34

what to do with extravasation

Answer 34

take out the needle apply pressure

Question 35

complications of contrast media extravasation

Answer 35

skin ulceration soft tissue necrosis compartment syndrome