Lesson 4 - Lines and tubes Flashcards
(54 cards)
endotracheal tubes ETT
airway management
used for severe upper airway obstruction
tracheostomy
insertion through the neck into the trachea for placement of ETT
problem with the cuff of ett
Irritation of the trachea mucosa, intubation is required if long-term care is needed
is an image required after ETT placement to ensure proper placement
yes, chest image
Properly positioned will show the distal tip superior (5-7cm) to the bifurcation of the trachea
ETT incorrect place
-in the right main stem bronchus
-higher than the clavicles
where is the carina located
between T5 and T7
atelectasis
Partial or complete collapse of the lung
endotracheal intubation complications
- too low
bronchial intubation - too proximal
esophageal intubation
vocal cord damage - Breakdown of the tracheal mucosa due to the cuff
- Subcutaneous emphysema
5.pneumothorax (PTX)
Tracheostomy tube (TT)
medically inserted into trachea
for long-term patients
TT position
halfway between stoma and the carina T2-T3 vertebra
chin doesn’t affect position of tube
thoracostomy tubes
chest tubes
intrapleural tubes
intracostal tubes
drainage tubes
whats the purpose of thoracostomy tubes
inserted into chest wall to fix a pneumothorax, suction air out
what pleural effusion
fluid accumulation in the lungs
radiographic apprearance of pleural effusion
can see 300 ml on PA or AP but 150 ml on decubitis views
effusion vs pneumothoarx
effusion is liquid and pneumothorax is air
terminal holes
in teracostomy tubes
show in xray
shouldn’t be outside of the pleural cavity
chest tube drainage
need to drain fluid/ air out with wall mounted or gravity
central venous catheter (CVC)
catheter inserted into a pateints large vein, internal jugular, subclavian or femoral to get short-long term treatment
long term cvcs
hickman
PICC
port-a-cath
short-term CVCS
internal jugular catheter
swan ganz
what is cvc used for
blood pressures
administer drugs
draw blood
transfusions
Common types of CVC
venous catheter, peripherally inserted central catheter and a subcutaneous port
tunneled cvcs
tube goes into chest and sits in vein above right atrium
dialysis catheter
tip in SVC
short tube is intake longer tube is outtake