Lesson 2.1: The Global Interstate System Flashcards by Gwyneth Angela

Features of Globalization (Chong, 2007) (3)

Collapse of borders
Collapse of universalism and particularism
Higher interconnectivity

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A system of unequally powerful and competing states in which no single state is capable of imposing control on all others

(Chase-Dunn, 1981)

Global Interstate System

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These states are in interaction with one another in a set of shifting alliances and wars, and changes in the relative power of states upsets any temporary set of alliances, leading to a restructuring of the balance of power.

(Chase-Dunn, 1981)

Global Interstate System

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Networks of connections spanning multi-continental distances, drawing them close together economically, socially, culturally, and informationally

Globalism

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The idea that we both are and should be a part of a broader community than that of the nation or state

(Halliday, 1988)

Internationalism

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Denotes a variety of impulses that favored and faciliated cooperaion between individuals, groups, organizations, or governments

Internationalism

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States now face new kinds of pressures, with advances toward ____ on the one hand met with forces of ____ on the other

States now face new kinds of pressures, with advances toward supranational integration on the one hand met with forces of local fragmentation on the other

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Hans Shattle:

“____ and ____ in a ____”

“Governments and Citizens in a Globally Interconnected World of States”

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“It is essential to understand the ways in which ____ has partially ____ and continues to ____ and how and ____.”

“It is essential to understand the ways in which globalization has partially reconfigured and continues to reshape the roles and functions of states and how and why this matters for citizens.”

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Five Major Areas of a Globally Interconnected World of States

(Hans Scahttle)

Economic interdependence
Economic and political integration
International law and universal norms
Transnational advocacy networks
New communication platforms

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Major Area of a Globally Interconnected World of States

Globalizaiton is commonly equated with the rising momentum of global free-market capitalism in the final decades of the 20th century

Economic Interdependence

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Major Area of a Globally Interconnected World of States

“Golden Straitjacket”

Economic Interdependence

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Cons of Economic Interdependence

Exploitation

Ex.
- Sweatships and fast fashion
- Shein

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Major Area of a Globally Interconnected World of States

Formation of regional partnerships with their neighbours, from loosely-knit organizations promoting trade and economic cooperation to trading blocs

Example of these trading blocks

Economic and Political Integration

NAFTA

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Acronym

NAFTA

North American Free Trade Agreement

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Considered as the deepest and most successful integration experiment in history

The Case of EU

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The Case of European Union in Economic and Political Integration

Considered as the deepest and most successful integration experiment in history

Single market trade, services, investments, and movement of workers
Supranational political structures
Single currency (Euro)

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Cons of Economic and Political Integration Case of EU

Crises can be a cause for disenchantment (ex. Brexit)

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Major Area of a Globally Interconnected World of States

End of the Second World War prompted leaders to create an international organization that would facilitate global dialogue and promote human rights and fundamental freedoms.

International Law and Universal Principles

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This global organization came into being in 1945, following the devastation of the Second World War

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United Nations

When did the United Nations came into being?

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1945

One central mission of the United Nations

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the maintenance of international peace and security

Plays a role in prosecuting individuals accused of genocide and other crimes against humanity.

The formation of this represents what?

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International Criminal Court

The formation of the court represented an important expansion of public accountability beyond the state.

International Law and Universal Principles

States now compete not only for economic advantage but also for ____.”

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States now compete not only for economic advantage but also for moral credibility

Evidence for states now competing for moral credibility

This is particularly evident in the ways that many *civil society organizations* and *think tanks* now **rank states** and **release annual indexes.** **Example:** - Philippine ranks 115th in the 2020 Corruption Perception Index - Philippines rank 76th in the Worl's Happiest Countries in 2029 - Global Gender Gap Index 2024 Rankings

# Major Area of a Globally Interconnected World of States Opened up new points of interaction between domestic politics and international relations, further pushed by **technology and social media**

- Transnational Advoacy Networks - New Communication Platforms

"When a state recognizes the legitimacy of ____ and changes its ____ in response to ____, it reconstitutes the relationship between the state, its citizens, and international actors." -Keck and Sikkink (1998:37) What major area(s) of Globally Interconnected World of States does this fall under to ?

"When a state recognizes the legitimacy of **international interventions** and changes its **domestic behavior** in response to **international pressure**, it reconstitutes the relationship between the state, its citizens, and international actors." Major Areas: - **Transnational Advocacy Networks** - **New Communication Platforms** | Keck and Sikkink (1998:37)

Examples of Transnational Addvocacy Networks

- Women's Movement - Environmental Movement - Human Rights Movement

"On the other hand, ____ have also been utilized by governments to ____ and even sometimes ____." Provide examples

"On the other hand, **new communication platforms** have also been utilized by governments to **strategically communicate their agenda** and even sometimes **quell dissents**." *Examples*: The rise in... **propaganda media** - (e.g. Donald Trump's X account) **state-funded television networks** - (People's Television: Para Sa Bayan", CGTN - China Global Television Network)

Global Institutions that Govern Globalization (6)

1. United Nations (UN) 2. World Bank (WB) 3. International Monetary Fund (IMF) 4. World Trade Organization (WTO) 5. World Health Organization (WHO) 6. UNESCO

# Global Institution that Govern Globalization **United Nations** - Member states: ____ - Scope: ____

**United Nations** - Member states: **193** - Scope: **International peace and security**

# Global Institution that Govern Globalization **World Bank** - Countries: ____ - Scope: ____

**World Bank** - Countries: **187** - Scope: **Financial institution that provides loans and grants**

# Global Institution that Govern Globalization **International Monetary Fund** - Member states: ____ - Scope: ____

**International Monetary Fund** - Member states: **191** - Scope: **To foster global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, facilitate international trade, etc.**

# Global Institution that Govern Globalization **World Trade Organization** - Member states: ____ - Scope: ____

**World Trade Organization** - Member states: **166** - Scope: **Deals with the global rules of trade between nations**

# Global Institution that Govern Globalization **World Health Organization** - Scope: ____

**World Health Organization** - Scope: UN Agency working to **promote health, keep the world safe, and serve the vulnerable**

# Global Institution that Govern Globalization **UNESCO** - Scope: ____

**UNESCO** *United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization* - Scope: Agency of the UN contributing to building peace through international cooperation in education, the sciences, and culture

Acronym for the following: 1. UN 2. WB 3. IMF 4. WTO 5. WHO 6. UNESCO

Acronym for the following: 1. UN - **United Nations** 2. WB - **World Bank** 3. IMF - **International Monetary Fund** 4. WTO - **World Trade Organization** 5. WHO - **World Health Organization** 6. UNESCO - **United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization**

Acronym for: **NSA**

Non-State Actors

They are becoming more capable, generating greater diversity of effects and influence in international and national security affairs.

NSAs

Although they lack the privileges and rights of politically soverreign actors, these entities exercise significant economic, political, or social power at a national and even international level

NSAs

Non-State Actors (7)

1. Subnational governments 2. Commercial firms 3. Academic and scientific institutes 4. Public service organizations 5. Civil society movements 6. Militants and other criminal groups 7. Superempowered individuals

What the Prisoner’s Dilemma tell us about cooperation within the interstate system:

States primarily act with their self-interest

In Prisoner's Dilemma, cooperation is achieved by ____

Building trust

# Prisoner's Dilemma Parties may not cooperate the first time, but through ____, they can learn and possibly cooperate next time

Iteration

This could facilitate in establishing international regimes | (as with Prisoner's Dilemma)

Cooperation through **reciprocity**, seeing how **mutual cooperation** rather than defection yields better results.

Why states cooperate (4)

1. Linkages 2. Checks and balance 3. Balance of power 4. Confidence-building

“It is essential to understand the ways in which ____ has partially ____ and continues to ____ and how and why this matters for ____.” | (Schattel, 2014)

“It is essential to understand the ways in which **globalization** has partially **reconfigured** and continues to **reshape the roles and functions of states** and how and why this matters for **citizens**.”

# BONUS Laban ^^