Lesson 2.3 Flashcards
foundation of life
Carbon-based molecules
an atom that forms covalent bonds w/ up to 4 other carbon atoms
carbon atoms
____ atom have unique bonding properties
Carbon atoms
3 general types of structures
straight chain
branched chain
ring
made of many small subunits bonded together
carbon based molecules
the individual subunits
monomers
made of many monomers (subunits)
polymers
made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
carbohydrates
carbohydrates ratio of C,H,O
1:2:1
Carbohydrates mainly include ________ and ________
sugar and starches
Carbohydrate’s polysaccharides include _____,_______,_______
starches, cellulose, and glycogen
Carbohydrate’s monosaccharides=__________
simple sugars
starches (polysaccharides) are energy stored in _______
plants
cellulose (polysaccharides) is the cell wall in ____
plants
glycogen (polysaccharides) is energy stored in __________
animals
Carbohydrates can be broken down for ____ ________
cell energy
non-polar molecules, include fats, oils, cholesterol
lipids
many contain carbon chains=fatty acids
lipids
fats and oils contain fatty acids bonded to
glycerol
two types of fatty acids
1) saturated
2) unsaturated
what makes up all cell membranes
phospholipids
______ break down as energy, make cell membranes, used to make hormones
lipids
polymers made of amino acid monomers
protein
___ diff AA used to build proteins in organisms
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