LESSON 3 Flashcards
(45 cards)
he studied in tondo intermediate school, the man who would be poe, one of the pioneers of
modern Filipino short story in English, torres torch, His exceptional works in fiction include “Death
in a Factory”, “A Clown Remembers”, and
“Divided by Two.”
* Some of his poem include “The Other Woman,”
“To Touch You,” and “I Touch Her,” which are
among others are now part of the secondary-
and tertiary-level syllabi in the country.
FRANCISCO ARCELLANA
Nestor Vicente Madali Gonzalez, better known as
N.V.M. Gonzalez, fictionist, essayist, poet, and
teacher, articulated the Filipino spirit in rural,
urban landscapes.
* Among the many recognitions, he won the First
Commonwealth Literary Contest in 1940,
received the Republic Cultural Heritage Award in
1960 and the Gawad CCP Para sa Sining in 1990. He became U.P.’s International-Writer-In-
Residence and a member of the Board of Advisers of the U.P.
Creative Writing Center.
* In 1987, U.P. conferred on him the Doctor of Humane Letters,
honoris causa, its highest academic recognition.
N.V.M. GONZALEZ
he is regarded by many as the most distinguished Filipino
writer in English writing. He has also enriched the English
language with critics coining “Joaquinesque” to describe
his baroque Spanish-flavored English or his reinventions of
English based on Filipinisms.
* His significance in Philippine literature involves his
exploration of the Philippine colonial past under Spain and
his probing into the psychology of social changes as seen
by the young, as exemplified in stories such as Doña
Jeronima, Candido’s Apocalypse and The Order of
Melchizedek. “it is always of the highest skill and quality”
NICK JOAQUIN
writings since the late 60s, when
taken collectively can best be described as epic.
* It’s sheer volume puts him on the forefront of
Philippine writing in English. But ultimately, it is
the consistent espousal of the aspirations of the
Filipino–for national sovereignty and social
justice that guarantees the value of his oeuvre, personal
lives intertwine with the social struggles of the nation. Because of
their international appeal, his works, including his many short
stories, have been published and translated into various
languages. also a publisher, lecturer on cultural
issues, and the founder of the Philippine chapter of the
international organization PEN. He was bestowed the CCP
Centennial Honors for the Arts in 1999; the Outstanding
Fulbrighters Award for Literature in 1988; and the Ramon
Magsaysay Award for Journalism, Literature, and Creative
Communication Arts in 1980.
F. SIONIL JOSE
considered as one of the
finest contemporary poets regardless of race or
language.
* Villa, who lived in Singalong, Manila, introduced
the reversed consonance rime scheme, including
the comma poems that made full use of the
punctuation mark in an innovative, poetic way. he used Doveglion (Dove, Eagle, Lion) as pen
name, the very characters he attributed to himself, and the same
ones explored by e.e. cummings in the poem he wrote for Villa
(Doveglion, Adventures in Value). Villa is also known for the
tartness of his tongue.
JOSE GARCIA VILLA
A poet, fictionist, teacher and literary critic,
is one of the finest Filipino
writers in English.
* Her works are characterized by a remarkable
fusion of style and substance, of craftsmanship
and insight. Born on April 22, 1919 in
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya, her poems are
intricate verbal transfigurations of significant
experiences as revealed, in two of her much
anthologized pieces, “The Little Marmoset” and
“Bonsai”. As fictionist, Tiempo is as morally profound. Her language has
been marked as “descriptive but unburdened by scrupulous
detailing.”
* She is an influential tradition in Philippine literature in English.
Together with her late husband, Edilberto K. Tiempo, she
founded and directed the Silliman National Writers Workshop in
Dumaguete City, which has produced some of the country’s best
writers.
EDITH L. TIEMPO
He is also known as Rio Alma, is a poet, literary
historian and critic, who has revived and reinvented
traditional Filipino poetic forms, even as he championed
modernist poetics.
* In 34 years, he has published 12 books of poetry, which
include the seminal Makinasyon and Peregrinasyon, and
the landmark trilogy Doktrinang Anakpawis, Mga
Retrato at Rekwerdo and Muli, Sa Kandungan ng Lupa.
In these works, his poetic voice soared from the lyrical
to the satirical to the epic, from the dramatic to the
incantatory, in his often severe examination of the self,
and the society. Many Filipino writers have come under his wing in the literary
workshops he founded –the Galian sa Arte at Tula (GAT) and the
Linangan sa Imahen, Retorika at Anyo (LIRA). e has been a constant presence as well in national writing
workshops and galvanizes member writers as chairman emeritus
of the Unyon ng mga Manunulat sa Pilipinas (UMPIL). But more
than anything else, what Almario accomplished was that he put a
face to the Filipino writer in the country, one strong face
determinedly wielding a pen into untruths, hypocrisy, injustice,
among others.
VIRGILLO S. ALMARIO
This courageous Filipino writer was well-known
for his disapproval of social injustices in the
country.
* He was later imprisoned for his participation in
the communist movement.
* He firmly believe that writers play an important
role in society acting “as the conscience of
society and to affirm the greatness of human
spirit in the face of inequities and oppression.”
AMADO V. HERNANDEZ
His multifaceted career spanned 50 years of
public service as an educator, soldier, university
president, journalist, and diplomat.
* It is common knowledge that he was the first
Asian president of the United Nations General
Assembly, then Philippine Ambassador to
Washington, D.C., and later minister of foreign
affairs. Essentially though, Romulo was very
much into writing: he was a reporter at 16, a
newspaper editor by the age of 20, and a
publisher at 32.
CARLOS P. ROMULO
He was the only Asian to win America’s coveted Pulitzer Prize in
Journalism for a series of articles predicting the outbreak of
World War II. Romulo, in all, wrote and published 18 books, a
range of literary works which included The United (novel), I
Walked with Heroes (autobiography), I Saw the Fall of the
Philippines, Mother America, I See the Philippines Rise (war-
time memoirs).
* His other books include his memoirs of his many years’ affiliations
with United Nations (UN), Forty Years: A Third World Soldier at
the UN, and The Philippine Presidents, his oral history of his
experiences serving all the Philippine presidents.
AMADO V. HERNANDEZ
biographer, has the distinction
of having written one of the earliest biographies
of Jose Rizal titled The Great Malayan.
* Quirino’s books and articles span the whole
gamut of Philippine history and culture –from
Bonifacio’s trial to Aguinaldo’s biography, from
Philippine cartography to culinary arts, from
cash crops to tycoons and president’s lives,
among so many subjects. In 1997, Pres. Fidel Ramos created historical literature as a new category in the
National Artist Awards and Quirino was its first recipient. He
made a record earlier on when he became the very first Filipino
correspondent for the United Press Institute
CARLOS L. QUIRINO
a short story writer and
essayist and considered as the country’s best
writer of comic short stories.
* He is known for his widely anthologized “My
Brother’s Peculiar Chicken.” In his innumerable
newspaper columns, he has always focused on
the neglected aspects of the Filipino cultural
heritage. His works have been published in
various international magazines and have
received national and international awards
ALEJANDRO R. ROCES
Ever the champion of Filipino culture, Roces brought to public
attention to the aesthetics of the country’s fiestas.
* He was instrumental in popularizing several local fiestas, notably,
Moriones and Ati-atihan. His unflinching love of country led him to become a guerilla
during the Second World War, to defy martial law and to found
the major opposition party under the dictatorship
CARLOS L. QUIRINO
He is considered to be an icon in Tagalog
writing through his nationalist and social
criticism.
* In 1958, he founded the Kapatiran ng mga
Alagad ng Wikang Pilipino (KAWIKA).
* His works include the novels Binhi at
Bunga,Cesar, Ama, Bayang Nagpatiwakal,
Sa Paanan ng Krus, Ang Pamana ng Pulubi,
and Bago Lumubog ang Araw. In 1979, the Ateneo de Manila University awarded
Francisco the Tanglaw ng Lahi Award for his works.
LAZARO FRANCISCO
s a poet, librettist, and scholar.
* As a poet, he introduced to Tagalog literature what is
now known as Bagay poetry, a landmark aesthetic
tendency that has helped to change the vernacular
poetic tradition. As a librettist for the Tales of the Manuvu and Rama
Hari, he pioneered the creative fusion of fine arts and
popular imagination.
BIENVENIDO LUMBERA
a poet, fictionist and essayist
with exceptional achievements and significant
contributions to the development of the country’s
literary arts. He is acknowledged by peers and
critics, and the nation at large as the foremost
writer of his generation.
* Throughout his career that spanned more than four
decades, he established a reputation for fine and
profound artistry; his books, lectures, poetry
readings and creative writing workshops continue to
influence his peers and generations of young
writers. As a way of bringing poetry and fiction closer to the people who
otherwise would not have the opportunity to develop their creative
talent, Bautista held funded and unfunded workshops throughout the
country. In his campus lecture circuits, Bautista updated students and
student-writers on literary developments and techniques.
* As a teacher of literature, Bautista realized that the classroom is an
important training ground for Filipino writers. In De La Salle University,
he was instrumental in the formation of the Bienvenido Santos
Creative Writing Center. He was also the moving spirit behind the
founding of the Philippine Literary Arts Council in 1981, the Iligan
National Writers Workshop in 1993, and the Baguio Writers Group.
thus, Bautista contributed to the development of Philippine
literature: as a writer, through his significant body of works; as a
teacher, through his discovery and encouragement of young
writers in workshops and lectures; and as a critic, through his
essays that provided insights into the craft of writing and
correctives to misconceptions about art.
* Major works: Summer Suns (1963), Words and
Battlefields (1998), The Trilogy of Saint Lazarus (2001), Galaw
ng Asoge (2003
CIRILO F. BAUTISTA
He is one of the leaders in modern Philippine architecture.
His works are simple and functional. Most of his designs used
clean and smooth lines. If he used curves, these were made integral
to the structure. Moreover, his forms maximized the use of natural
light and across ventilation.
Some of his famous projects include the Far Easter University
Administration and Science buildings, Manila Polo Club, Ideal
Theater, Lyric Theater, Galaxy Theater, Capitan Luis Gonzaga
Building, White Cross Orphanage, Boulevard-Alhambra (now Bel-
Air) apartments, and Ramon Roces Publications Building (now the
Guzman Institute of Electronics
PABLO S. ANTONIO
He is the visionary behind the majestic structure of Istana Nurul Iman. It
is the palace of the Sultan of Brunei which has a floor area of almost
2.2 million square feet.
He also has changed the city with his distinguishing architecture
reflective of Philippine art and culture. His style of floating volume, and
the duality of light and heavy is unparalleled with other artist.
With the span of 30 years, he has produced 75 residences and 88
buildings, which include 11 churches and chapels, 23 public buildings,
six major hotels and an airport terminal building. The CCP Complex with
all the five buildings – The Cultural Center of the Philippines, the Folk
Arts Theater, the Philippine International Convention Center, the Phil-
CITE, and the Westin Hotel are all credited to his unequaled talent.
LEANDRO V LOCSIN
He is a famous Filipino architect that had a strong faith in the Filipino
Architect, with the “belief that there is such a thing as Philippine
Architecture, espousing architecture reflective of Philippine traditions
and culture.”
He designed the 1937 International Eucharistic Congress altar and
reconstructed the Quiapo Church in 1930. The traditional dome and a
secondary belfry can be credited to him.
He is also known as the artistic mind behind the Geronimo de los Reyes
Building, Magsaysay Building, Rizal Theater, Capitol Theater, Captain
Pepe Building, Manila Jockey Club, Rufino Building (Quezon Hall) and
University of the Philippines Administration Building (Quezon Hall) and
University Library (Gonzales Hall), and the reconstructed Rizal Shrine in
Calamba, Laguna
JUAN F NAKPIL
He distinguished himself by pioneering the practice of landscape
architecture–an allied field of architecture–in the Philippines and then
producing four decades of exemplary and engaging work that has
included hundreds of parks, plazas, genhanced contemporary Filipino
lifeardens, and a wide range of outdoor settings that have.
Santos, Jr., who grew up in Malabon, made his first mark with the
Makati Commercial Center where he introduced a new concept of
outdoor shopping with landscaped walks, fountains and sculptures as
accents.
His contribution to modern Filipino landscape architecture was the
seminal public landscape in Paco Park.
His most recent projects were the Tagaytay Highland Resort, the Mt.
Malarayat Golf and Country Club in Lipa, Batangas, and the Orchard
Golf and Country Club in Imus, Cavite.
ILDEFONSO P SANTOS JR.
He is an architecture graduate from the University of Santo
Tomas. He is the country’s 82nd licensed architect.
The head of the National Committee on Architecture and Allied
Arts of NCCA, Gerard Lico, laud Zaragoza’s works to have
“advanced the progressive ideas of modernism in rebuilding the
Philippines from the ashes of war in the mid-20th century.”
His works include St. John Bosco Parish in Makati City, Santo
Domingo Church in Quezon City, National Shrine of Miraculous
Medal, Meralco Building, Greenhills Shopping Center, and the
restructuring of the Quipo Church interior.
JOSE MARIA ZARAGOZA
He was born in to immigrant Chinese parents Vicente Ang
and Chim Lim.
* Art critics praise his work which art, as cited by the NCCA,
“imbued with nationalist fervor and sociological agenda.”
* Some of his famous works included Geometric
Landscape (1969), Dog Fight, Pieta (1962), which won a
bronze medal in Saigon, and Seated Figure (1979), which
was auctioned at Singapore’s Sotheby’s.
Ang Kiukok (1931-2005)
Year of Confernment: 2001
ANG KIUKOK
PIETA, DOG FIGHT
He is the Father of Modernism in Philippine Art.
* Most of his works were dark and gloomy and the subjects
are Filipino laborers in their everyday life situations.
* HIs painting saccording to NCCA, depicts the working
class in “rough, bold impasto strokes, and standing tall
and singular in his advocacy and practice.
* Some of his remarkable works are The Sketch, Poinsettia
Girl, The Wrestlers, Portrait of the Proffesor, and
Japanese Girl.
Victorio C. Edades (1895-1985)
Year of Confernment: 1976
