Lesson 3

Question 2

Digestion definition

Answer 2

The process by which your body breaks down food into small nutrient molecules

Question 3

Define nutrients

Answer 3

The substances in food that provide the raw materials the body’s cells need to carry out all their essential processes

Question 4

Name each nutrient

Answer 4

Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water

Question 5

Define carbohydrates

Answer 5

An energy rich organic compound like a sugar or starch that is made of the elements carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen

Question 6

Define simple carbohydrates

Answer 6

They have Smaller molecules and taste sweet. They are burned quickly

Question 7

Define complex carbohydrates

Answer 7

They have larger molecules, are high in fiber and nutrients

Question 8

Define proteins

Answer 8

Smaller components called amino acids

Question 9

Define fats

Answer 9

A concentrated energy source that can also be put into long term energy storage

Question 10

Define saturated fats

Answer 10

Come from animal products and are solid at room temperature

Question 11

Define unsaturated fats

Answer 11

Come from plant products and are oils. Liquid at room temperature

Question 13

Define vitamins

Answer 13

Nutrients that help your body with chemical reactions

Question 14

What vitamins can your body make

Answer 14

D and k

Question 15

Name the two types of vitamins

Answer 15

Fat-soluble and water-soluble

Question 16

Name fat-soluble vitamins

Answer 16

A and k

Question 17

How are a and k stored

Answer 17

In fatty tissue and released when needed

Question 18

Name water soluble vitamins

Answer 18

C

Question 19

Where is vitamin c found

Answer 19

Citrus

Question 20

Define minerals

Answer 20

Nutrients that aren’t made by the body but are needed to carry out chemical processes

Question 21

Name some minerals

Answer 21

Calcium for bones and iron for blood

Question 22

What is water

Answer 22

The most important nutrient

Question 23

How long can you survive without water

Answer 23

Not long

Question 24

Define peristalsis

Answer 24

Waves of smooth muscle contractions that move food through the esophagus towards the stomacb

Question 25

Name the two types of the digestion

Answer 25

Mechanical and chemical

Question 26

Where does mechanical digestion take place

Answer 26

Mouth and stomach

Question 27

Where does chemical digestion start

Answer 27

Mouth

Question 28

Define saliva

Answer 28

A mix of water and enzymes that help with chemical digestion

Question 29

Define enzymes

Answer 29

Proteins that speed up chemical reactions in the body

Question 30

What does saliva react with most

Answer 30

On starch and moistens the food

Question 31

Where is the chemical digestion continued

Answer 31

In the stomach with other enzymes and hydrochloric acid then into the small intestine to continue

Question 32

Where does most of chemical digestion and nutrient absorption take place

Answer 32

The small intestine

Question 33

What is the liver’s purpose

Answer 33

Produces bile and filters blood and stores certain vitamins

Question 34

Where is bile stored

Answer 34

The gallbladder

Question 35

What is the purpose of the pancreas

Answer 35

Produced trypsin, which breaks down proteins and makes insulin, which helps monitor blood sugar levels

Question 36

Where does the last stage of digestion take place

Answer 36

Large intestine

Question 37

What happens in the large intestine

Answer 37

Where water from the food is reabsorbed and the waste is compacted and prepared for elimination

Question 38

How is the waste removed

Answer 38

Through the rectum to the anus

Question 39

How is the digestive system related to the rest of the body

Answer 39

Once nutrients absorbed through the small intestine they are circulated around the body by the blood