Lesson 3 Flashcards
(43 cards)
what is a declension
a group of nouns that have similar inflectional forms to show their function in a sentence.
how many declensions are there
3
what are the 3 characteristics of Greek nouns
case, number, and gender
how many cases are there in Greek? What are they?
5, nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, vocative
what is the nominative case
It’s main function is to name or point out. It marks subject of verb or predicate nominative (the noun or adjective that complements a linking verb such as εστίν). It is usually the default case.
function of genitive case
describe or define. often can be conveyed by English word ‘of’
function of dative case
it can function in many ways. usually to express personal interest or relationship
function of accusative case
usually limits or qualifies the action of a verb
function of vocative case
it has a single function which is direct address. sometimes it has it’s own distinct form but usually it’s form is like the nominative. ex: O brother, do you see?
what form of a noun is it’s lexical form
singular nominative
is noun accent recessive? explain
no, it is persistent (or retentive). as the noun changes with inflection the accent persists in the same spot as far as the general rules permit.
what is the difference between declension and form
the form is what it does, the declension is what it looks like. Like a police officer. His function is a police, but his ‘declension’ is like his uniform. (not in book)
how do I know where to place the accent on an inflected noun
it’s where the accent is on in the nominative, if the general rules allow it
what is always on the ultima in the genitive plural in 1st declension
a circumflex
