Lesson 3 Models of Communication Flashcards

++COMMUNICATION MODES (85 cards)

1
Q

are the metaphorical, simplified and systematic representation of the communication processes which forms general perspectives on communication.

A

Communication Model

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2
Q

give 4 models that follows linear model of communication

A
  1. Lasswell’s Model
  2. Aristotle’s Model
  3. Shannon Weaver Model
  4. Berlo’s S-M-C-R Model
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3
Q

give 3 models that follows transactional model of communication

A
  1. Barnlund’s Transactional Model
  2. Helical Model
  3. Becker’s Mosaic Model
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4
Q

give an example of interactional model

A

Schramm’s Interactive Model

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5
Q

give 2 other examples of communication model

A
  1. Dance’s Helical Spiral Model
  2. Westley and MacLean’s Conceptual Model
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6
Q

it is a simple one way communication model.

A

Linear model of communication

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7
Q

the message flows in a straight line from sender to the receiver

A

linear model of communication

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8
Q

there is no concept of feedback

A

linear model of communication

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9
Q

the only task that a receiver does here is to receive the message

A

linear model of communication

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10
Q

senders and receivers both are known as communicators and both play equally important role in communication

A

Transactional model of communication

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11
Q

relates communication with social reality, cultural up-bringing and relational context (relationships)

A

transactional model of communication

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12
Q

non-verbal feedback like gestures, body language, is also considered as feedback in this model

A

transactional model of communication

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13
Q

interactive model is also known as

A

convergence model

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14
Q

is similar to transactional model as they are both two way communication model

A

interactive model of communication

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15
Q

is mostly used for new media like internet

A

interactive model of communication

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16
Q

here, people can respond to any mass communications like videos, news, etc. People can exchange their views and ideas

A

interactive model of communication

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17
Q

Aka action model or linear or one way model of communication

A

Harold Lasswell’s Model

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18
Q

it is one of the most influential communication models

A

Harold Lasswell’s Model

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19
Q

has 5 components which is used as an analysis tool for evaluating the communication process & components

A

Harold Lasswell’s Model

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20
Q

components are the questions to be asked to get the answers & keep communication going

A

Harold Lasswell’s Model

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21
Q

5 components of Harold Lasswell’s Model

A
  1. Who
  2. Says What
  3. In which channel
  4. to whom
  5. with what effect
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22
Q

components of Harold Lasswell’s Model:
the communicator or sender or source of message, CONTROL ANALYSIS

A

who

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23
Q

components of Harold Lasswell’s Model:
the content of message, CONTENT ANALYSIS

A

Says what

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24
Q

components of Harold Lasswell’s Model:
the medium or media, MEDIA ANALYSIS

A

In which channel

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25
components of Harold Lasswell's Model: the receiver or an audience, AUDIENCE ANALYSIS
To whom
26
components of Harold Lasswell's Model: the feedback of the receiver to the sender, EFFECT ANALYSIS
with what effect
27
>effective communication process >mass media, only rich can communicate >does not include feedback and ignores noise >does not consider barriers of communication
Harold Lasswell's Model
28
Aristotle is a Greek Philosopher and writer born in
Stagira, Northern Greece
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Aristotle was also the teacher of _____. He studied physics, logic, mathematics, etc.
Alexander the Great
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_____ developed a linear model of communication for oral communication known as which is considered the 1st model of communication and was proposed before 300 BC. it is most widely communication model
Aristotle
31
it is mainly focused on speaker and speech
Aristotle model
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Aristotle Model 5 primary elements
Speaker, speech, occasion, audience, and effect
33
It is a speaker centered model as the speaker has the most important role in it. It is the speaker’s role to deliver a speech to the audience. The role of the audience is passive, influenced by the speech. This makes the communication process one way, from speaker to receiver
Aristotle model
34
The speaker must organize the speech beforehand, according to the target audience and situation (occasion). The speech must be prepared so that the audience be persuaded or influenced from speech.
Aristotle model
35
To develop public speaking skills and create a propaganda and is speaker oriented and focuses on audience
36
Aristotle Model can be broadly divided into 5 primary elements:
Speaker, Speech, Occasion, Audience and Effect
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It is a speaker centered model as the speaker has the most important role in it
Aristotle Model
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It is the speaker's role to deliver a speech to the audience. The role of the audience is passive, influenced by the speech. This makes the communication process one way, from speaker to receiver
Aristotle Model
39
The speaker must organize the speech beforehand, according to the target audience and situation (occasion). The speech must be prepared so that the audience be persuaded or influenced from the speech
Aristotle Model
40
To develop public speaking skills and create a propaganda and is speaker oriented and focuses on audience interaction in communication, there is no concept of feedbacks.
Aristotle Model
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E.g. a politician (speaker) gives a speech to get votes from the civilians (audience) at the time of election (occasion). The civilians only vote if they are influenced by the things the politician says in his speech so the content must be very impressive to influence the mass and the speaker must design the message very carefully.
Aristotle Model
42
ARISTOTLE MODEL 3 Critical elements of a good communicator:
-Ethos -Pathos -Logos
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Critical elements of a good communicator: features that makes you credible in front of the audience
ethos
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Critical elements of a good communicator: what you say is important for emotional bonds
pathos
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Critical elements of a good communicator: it is logic. people find logic in everything. use factual data
logos
46
Criticisms of Aristotle's Model of Communication
-No concept of feedback, it is one way from speaker to audience -No concept of communication failure like noise & barriers -only for public speaking
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created in 1948 when Claude Elwood Shannon wrote an article "A mathematical theory of communication" in Bell System Technical Journal with Warren Weaver
Shannon Weaver Model
48
____ was an American mathematician whereas ____ was a scientist
Shannon Weaver
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this model is mother of all models
Shannon and Weaver Model
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Shannon and Weaver Model was created in ___ when _____ Shannon wrote an article "A Mathematical Theory of Communication" in Bell System Technical Journal with ____ Weaver
1948 Claude Elwood Warren
51
there are 3 levels of problems of communication per Shannon Weaver
1. Technical problem 2. Semantic problem 3. Effectiveness problem
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3 levels of problems of communication per Shannon Weaver: how a channel causes a problem
technical problem
53
3 levels of problems of communication per Shannon Weaver: is the meaning of message sent and received very different
semantic problem
54
3 levels of problems of communication per Shannon Weaver: how effectively does the message cause reaction
effectiveness problem
55
Concept of noise. 2 way process. Apply in general communication. Quantifiable.
Shannon and Weaver Model
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More for interpersonal communication than group communication and mass communication. Receiver plays the passive and sender plays the primary. Human communication is not mathematical in nature.
Shannon Weaver Model
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Source/Sender ___ the message a.) encodes b.) decodes
a.) encodes
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receiver ___ the message a.) encodes b.) decodes
b.) decodes
59
SMCR means
Source Message Channel Receiver
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5 factors of SOURCE and RECEIVER in Berlo's SMCR model
1. Communication Skill 2. Attitudes 3. Knowledge 4. Social System 5. Culture
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5 factors of MESSAGE in Berlo's SMCR model
1. Content 2. Elements 3. Treatment 4. Structure 5. Code
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5 factors of CHANNEL in Berlo's SMCR model
1. Hearing 2. Seeing 3. touching 4. Smelling 5. tasting
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-there is no concept of feedback, so the effect is not considered -there is no concept of noise -no concept of barriers in communication process
Berlo's SMCR Model
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It is a linear model of communication, there is no two way communication. Both of the people must be similar according to its factors
Berlo's SMCR Model
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multi layered feedback system
Barnlund's Transactional Model
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3 cues of Barnlund's Transactional Model
1. Public Cues - environment 2. Private Cues - senses 3. Behavioural Cues - non verbal
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Shared field experience of the sender & receiver. Simultaneous message sending, noise & feedback.
Barnlund's Transactional Model
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Complex. both must understand codes
Barnlund's Transactional Model
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Helical Model by ____1967
Frank Dance
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a ___ is a three dimensional spring like curve in the shape of a cylinder or a cone
helix
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Helix from birth to ___ time. Linearity and ____
present circularity
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-interchangeable sender receiver -intellectual process -not tested. continuity can never be true
Helical Model
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components of Becker's Mosaic Model
1. empty cells 2. vertical layers 3. cells 4. loops
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Complexity of communication. No environmental and social dimensions
Becker's Mosaic Model
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new bits are useless if the last bits are lost
Becker's Mosaic Model
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acceleration principle
Schramm's Model
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the principle states that the increase in demand for consumer goods leads to a rise in demand for capital goods
Schramm's Model
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relates to industrial production, demand, supply, consumption and is mathematical one. not universally accepted as it ignores technological gaps
Schramm's Model
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Westley & Maclean's model by ____ Westley and ____ Maclean
Bruce Malcolm
80
Communication starts when a person responds to something. He must first receive the message to respond. Feedback is fast n direct in interpersonal one. Feedback is slow -group as well as mass communication -complicated
Westley & Maclean's Model
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-channel -one expresses her/his ideas
COMMUNICATION MODES
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3 COMMUNICATION MODES
1. Face-to-face 2. Audio 3. Text-based
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COMMUNICATION MODE: -in person -can be formal (casual) or informal
Face-to-face
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COMMUNICATION MODE: -transmitted sounds (the voice of the speaker) -complicated because of different pronunciation
Audio
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COMMUNICATION MODE: -more on written -(email, text messages)
Text-based