Lesson 3 - Port Flashcards

1
Q

Packed general cargo

A

break bulk cargo
Neo bulk cargo
Unitized cargo

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2
Q

Unpacked bulk cargo

A

liquid bulk
Dry bulk

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3
Q

Break bulk cargo (BABODRUPABOCRA)

A

bags
barrels
drums
pallets
boxes
crates

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4
Q

Neo bulk cargo

A

lumber
paper
steel
cars
trucks

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5
Q

Unitized cargo

A

trailer
container

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6
Q

Liquid bulk

A

gasolin
LNG
chemicals
petroleum
crude oil

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7
Q

dry bulk

A

metals
coal
grain
iron core
minerals
cement

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8
Q

because goods are uneven and irregular, handling is difficult to mechanize

A

general cargo

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9
Q

handling this requires labor

A

general cargo

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10
Q

Category of Ports

A

Monofunctional ports
Polyfunctional ports

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11
Q

transit a limited array of commodities, most often dry or liquid bulks (raw materials)

A

monofunctional ports

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12
Q

vast harbors where transshipment and industrial activities are present

A

polyfunctional ports

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13
Q

they have a variety of specialized and general cargo piers linked to wide range of modes that can include containers, bulk cargo, or raw materials

A

polyfunctional ports

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14
Q

they are subject to active governance

A

port authorities and port holdings

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15
Q

public port authorities were created at the beginning of the 20th century

A

port authorities and port holdings

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16
Q

a governance structure became a standard that was adapted to many ports, leading to adaptation to local political and jurisdictional realities

A

port authorities and port holdings

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17
Q

an entity of state or local government that owns, operates, or otherwise provides wharf, dock, and other marine terminal investment and services at ports

A

port authority

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18
Q

an entity, commonly private that owns or leases port terminals in a variety of locations

A

port holding

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19
Q

it also known as port terminal operator

A

port holding

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20
Q

in an era characterized by lower levels of direct public involvement in the management of transport terminals and port privatization, specialized companies involved in the management of port terminals are finding opportunity to develop

A

port holding

21
Q

is a long term lease of port facilities involving the requirement that the concessionaire undertakes capital investment to build, expand, or maintain the cargo-handling facilities, equipment, and infrastructure to satisfy a minimum level

A

concession agreements

22
Q

a contract that gives a company the right to operate a specific business within government’s jurisdiction or on another firm’s property, subject to particular terms

A

concession agreements

23
Q

a contract which a government transfer operating rights to private enterprise, which then engages in an activity contingent on government on government approval and subject to the terms of the contract. The contract may include the rehabilitation or construction of infrastructure by concessionaire.

A

concession agreement

24
Q

current _______ underlines that ports are going beyond their own facilities to help accommodate additional traffic and the complexity of freight distribution, namely by improving hinterland transportation

A

development phase

25
Q

is such an outcome and indicates a higher level of integration between maritime and inland transport systems, particularly by using rail and barge transportation, which are less prone congestion that road transportation.

A

port regionalization

26
Q

especially large gateways, are facing wide array of local constrains that impair their growth and efficiency

A

ports

27
Q

_____ thus enable to partially circumscribe local constrains by externalizing them

A

port regionalization

28
Q

the port must have infrastructures such as piers, basins, stacking or storage areas, and equipment such as cranes, all which involve high levels of capital investment

A

infrastructure and equipment

29
Q

rely on unique array of infrastructure including containers, stacking yard by gantry cranes, and the vehicles used to move containers around terminal, such as straddle carriers.

A

modern container terminals

30
Q

also developed infrastructure to handle refrigerated containers (reefers) with separated stacking areas

A

container ports

31
Q

access from the port to industrial complexes and markets ensure its growth and importance

A

land access

32
Q

primary function of port

A

supply services to freight

33
Q

at start cargo-oriented facilities involving wide array of activities related to their management and operations.

A

port

34
Q

the ____ of port can expand through the intensification of its fundamental hinterland, the expansion of its hinterland to new areas, and the development of transshipment.

A

cargo base

35
Q

many ports are also involved in other activities such as

A

fishing, ferries, cruises, and recreational activities

36
Q

it is linked to variety of local and regional industrial activities as the largest ports in the world are gateways to large industrial regions

A

port throughput

37
Q

major ports have established themselves as ____ of continental distribution systems and have access to high capacity inland freight distribution corridor, notably rail

A

gateways

38
Q

ports are subject to ____

A

active governance

39
Q

port authorities are created during ____

A

beginning of 20th century

40
Q

became a standard that was adapted to many other ports, leading to adaptation to local political and jurisdictional realities

A

governance structure

41
Q

for large port, concessions agreement have permitted the presence of more than one terminal operator competing over the port foreland and hinterland

A

intra-port competition

42
Q

the development of global supply chains increased the pressure on maritime transport, port operations and on inland freight distributions, which in turn has incited the setting of _______ and transloading activities in the vicinity of port terminals.

A

satellite terminals

43
Q

its i a process that can take place both of foreland and the hinterland to provide continuity between the maritime and inland freight transport system

A

regionalization

44
Q

characterized by strong functional interdependency and even joint development of a specific load center and logistics platform in the hinterland.

A

port regionalization

45
Q

global production and consumption have substantially changed distribution with the emergence of regional production systems as well as large consumer markets

A

supply chain management

46
Q

_____ is required to ensure connectivity within the global trading system

A

transshipment

47
Q

developed to service smaller ports unable to accommodate larger containerships, which is common because of the limited draft and port infrastructure

A

transshipment

48
Q

is a port terminal used for ship-to-ship operations within a maritime transport system.

A

intermediate hub (or transshipment hub)

49
Q

has often been used to characterize such locations because cargo handled at the port of destination is transshipped at a location commonly in third country

A

offshore hub