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Experience Biology > Lesson 3 Terms > Flashcards

Lesson 3 Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Active Transport

A

using energy to move molecules from a lower to a higher concentration

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2
Q

Brownian motion

A

the random movement of microscopic particles in a fluid

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3
Q

Cell

A

the smallest unit of life

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4
Q

Chlorophasts

A

the organelles found only in autotrophs which are responsible for photosynthesis

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5
Q

Chromatin (The Riot and the Dance)

A

a complex of DNA and proteins within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells

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6
Q

Cytology

A

the study of cells

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7
Q

Cytoplasm

A

fluid inside the cells, contains molecules and organelles

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8
Q

Cytoskeleton

A

a network of fibers that give the cell its shape

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9
Q

Diffusion

A

molecules move from high concentration to lower concentration

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10
Q

Endocytosis

A

movement into the cell

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11
Q

Eukaryote

A

the type of cells in multicellular organisms

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12
Q

Exocytosis

A

movement out of the cell

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13
Q

Fluid Mosaic Model

A

A way of understanding what cell membranes are and do. Cellular membranes are not a solid barrier but the lipids move like a fluid with cholesterols, proteins, and carbs embedded in the membrane.

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14
Q

Golgi apparatus

A

a) Serves as the shipping center of the cell

b) Function: sorts proteins made in the rough endoplasmic reticulum into vesicles

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15
Q

Homeostasis

A

refers to any process that living things use to actively maintain fairly stable conditions necessary for survival

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16
Q

Hydrophilic

A

water loving

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17
Q

Hydrophobic

A

Water avoiding

18
Q

Lysosomes

A

a) Serve as the recycling center of the cell

b) Function: contain enzymes that break down molecules

19
Q

Mitochondria
What is the function of the mitochondria?
Why is the mitochondria unique?

A

a) Serve as the power plants of the cell
b) Function: creating energy through cellular respiration
c) Unique compared to other organelles because they self-replicate and have their own DNA

20
Q

Nuclear envelope

A

a membrane that separates the nucleus from the rest of the cell

21
Q

Nucleolus

A

structures where ribosomes are made

22
Q

Nucleoplasm

A

a watery gel-like substance inside the nucleus

23
Q

Nucleus

A

the control center of the cell

24
Q

Organs

A

several types of tissues that work together to perform a function

25
Q

Organ systems

A

a group of organs cooperating to perform a function

26
Q

Oragnelles

A

“little organs” inside the cell

27
Q

Osmosis

A

similar to diffusion, but with the solvent diluting the solution

28
Q

Passive transport

A

no energy needed

29
Q

Phagocytosis

A

a cell taking in solid material

30
Q

Phospholipid bilayer

A

a) Phospholipids: a hydrophilic (water-loving) head, and two hydrophobic (water-avoiding) tails
b) This forms a bilayer structure (two layers)

31
Q

Pinocystosis

A

a cell taking in liquid material

32
Q

Plasma membrane

A

the cell membrane, the outer boundary that separates the cell from its environment

33
Q

Prokaryote

A

single-celled organisms

34
Q

Ribosomes

A

the smallest and most numerous organelles in the cell

35
Q

Robert Hooke

A

the very first person to see a cell, using a homemade microscope.

36
Q

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

A

(1) Has ribosomes attached to it, making it look bumpy (2) Function: responsible for producing proteins

37
Q

Selective permeability

A

allows certain things in and keeps other things out

38
Q

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

A

(1) No ribosomes attached, appears to have a smooth surface

(2) Function: responsible for making lipids

39
Q

Tissues

A

a group of cells connected together to carry out a specific function

40
Q

Vacuoles

A

a) Serve as the storage containers of the cell

b) Function: store food, water, and minerals for the cell

41
Q

Vesicles

A

tiny sacs that transport material within or outside the cell

Experience Biology (62 decks)

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