Lesson 302 IFR Departures

Question 1

Front

Answer 1

Back

Question 2

What must an IFR aircraft obtain to maneuver in controlled airspace?

Answer 2

A clearance (permission) to do so.

Question 3

What does IFR separation rely on compared to VFR separation?

Answer 3

IFR separation relies less on the pilots’ ability to see and be seen as IFR aircraft may operate in poor or no visibility.

Question 4

What are the conditions to fly IFR?

Answer 4

1. The aircraft must carry additional equipment/instruments. 2. The pilot must be certified IFR-rated. 3. The pilot must file an IFR flight plan or flight itinerary. 4. The pilot must fly according to an IFR clearance issued by air traffic control (ATC) when flying in controlled airspace.

Question 5

What is the minimum equipment required for IFR flight according to CARs 605.18?

Answer 5

1. An attitude indicator 2. A vertical speed indicator 3. An outside air temperature gauge 4. A means of preventing malfunction caused by icing for each airspeed indicating system 5. A power failure warning device or vacuum indicator 6. An alternative source of static pressure 7. Sufficient radiocommunication equipment 8. Sufficient radio navigation equipment.

Question 6

Under what circumstances can a pilot file an IFR flight itinerary instead of an IFR flight plan?

Answer 6

1. If the flight is conducted in part or in whole outside controlled airspace. 2. If facilities are inadequate to permit communication of flight plan information.

Question 7

What happens if a flight plan isn’t filed for a flight between Canada and a foreign state?

Answer 7

No pilot-in-command shall operate an aircraft unless a flight plan has been filed.

Question 8

What should a pilot do before contacting Ground for an IFR flight?

Answer 8

The pilot should have filed a flight plan with a flight planning agency at least half an hour prior to departure.

Question 9

How are IFR clearances delivered according to MATS?

Answer 9

1. The IFR clearance should be issued verbatim; controllers must relay it by voice verbatim. 2. Clearances may be delivered electronically.

Question 10

What specific information is included in an IFR clearance?

Answer 10

1. Prefix (aircraft ID) 2. Clearance limit 3. SID 4. Route 5. Altitude 6. Speed 7. Departure enroute approach or holding instructions 8. Special instructions or information 9. Traffic information.

Question 11

What is the structure of a full route IFR clearance?

Answer 11

1. Prefix 2. Clearance limit 3. SID 4. Route 5. Altitude 6. Speed 7. Departure enroute approach or holding instructions 8. Special instructions or information 9. Traffic information.

Question 12

How do you differentiate between clearances instructions and other ATC messages?

Answer 12

By using the appropriate prefix as indicated in the MATS guidelines.

Question 13

What phraseology is used for issuing an ATC clearance?

Answer 13

Aircraft ID CLEARED.

Question 14

What should controllers consider when issuing an IFR clearance to departing aircraft?

Answer 14

To issue the IFR clearance before the aircraft begins to taxi and if possible before entering the departure runway.

Question 15

In what situation might a piston aircraft request an IFR clearance?

Answer 15

Typically just prior to taxiing; however controllers should be aware that requesting a clearance does not mean they’ve completed their runup.

Question 16

What is the recommended timing for filing a flight plan for IFR operations?

Answer 16

At least half an hour prior to departure.

Question 17

What is the role of the Towerground controller in coordinating IFR clearance requests?

Answer 17

They may have to coordinate the request with the IFR controller and receive a clearance via the hotline.

Question 18

What does VFR stand for?

Answer 18

Visual Flight Rules.

Question 19

What does IFR stand for?

Answer 19

Instrument Flight Rules.

Question 20

How is an IFR clearance typically structured for communication?

Answer 20

Structured and standardized; controllers must use specific formatting for issuing clearances.

Question 21

What is one major difference in the operation between IFR and VFR aircraft?

Answer 21

IFR aircraft require more complex equipment for navigation especially in adverse weather conditions.

Question 22

What does ‘see and be seen’ refer to in the context of flight operations?

Answer 22

It refers to the VFR principle where pilots rely on visual contact with other aircraft and the environment for separation and navigation.

Question 23

What is the clearance typically referenced in IFR clearances?

Answer 23

The clearance usually references the destination airport or NAVAID serving the IFR approach in use at the time the clearance was issued.

Question 24

What is right base in the context of VFR clearances?

Answer 24

Right base is also a clearance limit in the VFR world.

Question 25

What is SID in aviation terminology?

Answer 25

SID stands for Standard Instrument Departure which is an IFR ATC departure procedure published in the CAP for pilot and controller use in graphic and textual form.

Question 26

What is the purpose of SIDs?

Answer 26

SIDs provide a transition from the terminal to the appropriate enroute structure.

Question 27

Where can Standard Instrument Departure procedures be found?

Answer 27

Standard Instrument Departure procedures are found in the Canada Air Pilot (CAP) charts.

Question 28

What are the guidelines an IFR pilot must follow regarding a SID during a communication failure?

Answer 28

It is the pilot's responsibility to ensure the SID communication failure instructions are operationally acceptable to proceed to the destination airport.

Question 29

Is a pilot obligated to accept a SID clearance?

Answer 29

No the pilot is not obligated to accept a SID clearance any more than any other clearance.

Question 30

In case of nearby thunderstorms what can a pilot do regarding a SID?

Answer 30

A pilot may request to cancel the SID and fly an alternate departure to avoid the weather.

Question 31

What does SID VECTOR identify?

Answer 31

SID VECTOR identifies the procedure as a vector SID.

Question 32

What does SID PILOT NAV identify?

Answer 32

SID PILOT NAV identifies the procedure as a pilot navigation SID.

Question 33

What does SID RNAV identify?

Answer 33

SID RNAV identifies the procedure as a performance-based navigation (PBN) SID.

Question 34

What happens at an aerodrome where a SID is published?

Answer 34

At an aerodrome where a SID is published you may assign a SID and any necessary transition.

Question 35

How should phraseology for issuing a SID be presented?

Answer 35

Use the format indicated in the MATS chart for SID issuance.

Question 36

What does the phraseology 'CLEARED TO THE OTTAWA AIRPORT DEDKI TWO DEPARTURE MIGLO TRANSITION VIA CENTRE-STORED FLIGHT PLANNED ROUTE' signify?

Answer 36

It signifies an IFR clearance issued to a departing aircraft indicating the SID transition and planned route.

Question 37

What categories of flight plans will you see in an IFR FDE?

Answer 37

Categories include A (ad hoc) C (centre-stored) F (full route clearance) and P (preprinted).

Question 38

What is indicated if the Route box of the IFR Clearance Issue section is blank?

Answer 38

If the Route box is blank then the previously filed route has not changed and the route to be issued is exactly as flight planned by the pilot.

Question 39

What phrase can be used as an abbreviation for the previously filed route?

Answer 39

The phrase 'VIA FLIGHT PLANNED ROUTE' can be used as an abbreviation.

Question 40

What does the letter 'C' signify in the route box of an IFR clearance?

Answer 40

The letter 'C' signifies that the route is to be issued exactly as it has been stored with ATC by the airline operators.

Question 41

What is MATS phraseology for a departure clearance when the route has changed?

Answer 41

When the route has changed you may use the phraseology 'ROUTING CHANGE changed route clearance FLIGHT PLANNED ROUTE'.

Question 42

What are some examples of departure restrictions from an aerodrome chart?

Answer 42

Example 1: Rwy 17 12 Climb hdg 171 to 2300; Example 2: No left turn below 3700 for Rwy 35.

Question 43

What term is defined as a straight-line flight between two NAVAIDs fixes points or any combination thereof?

Answer 43

DIRECT is defined as a straight-line flight between two NAVAIDs fixes points or any combination thereof.

Question 44

What altitude can an IFR controller issue if a SID is not in use?

Answer 44

The IFR controller may issue an intermediate altitude or traffic permitting may issue the final altitude in the initial clearance.

Question 45

What speed may an IFR controller require an aircraft to maintain?

Answer 45

The IFR controller may need the aircraft to maintain a specific MACH speed when using a Mach number technique for separation.

Question 46

What instructions should be followed regarding departure runways?

Answer 46

Pilots must follow the departure procedures as published in the CAP before following ATC instructions.

Question 47

What does a 'full route clearance' indicate in the flight plan category?

Answer 47

A 'full route clearance' indicates that the aircraft's originally filed route or centre-stored route differs from that indicated on the flight data strip or display.

Question 48

How should the IFR controller communicate a change to the flight plan?

Answer 48

The controller should advise the pilot about the change in the flight plan before issuing the clearance.

Question 49

What is an example of phraseology when advising a pilot about a routing change?

Answer 49

An example is 'ABC routing change advise ready to copy.'