LESSON 4 Flashcards
they reported that people are shaped by their culture and their culture is also shaped by them.
Fiske, Kitayama , Markus and Nisbett (1998)
he defines the western concept of self as a “bounded, unique, more or less integrated motivational and cognitive universe; a dynamic center of awareness, emotion, judgment, and action organized into a distinctive whole and set contrastively both against other such wholes and against a social and natural background.”
Geertz
The western way of thinking is________ with emphasis on the ________ (part-to-whole-relationships)
analytic-deductive, casual links
the tendency toward unitary explanations of phenomena and a closed-system view of “self” as modeled after a unitary, omnipotent power (“Man was created by God, in His image.”)
Western self as monotheistic
are important ways of establishing who one is, as well as in finding satisfaction in the world.
self-expression and self-actualization
- It is deeply aware of itself, its uniqueness, sense of direction, purpose and volition.
- It is located at the center within the individual through which the world is perceived.
- It is seen as an entity distinct from other selves and all other entities.
Western self as individualistic
The western way of thinking is focused on material “things” and favors a rational-empirical approach over magical and superstitious explanations of immaterial “things”.
Western self as materialistic and rationalistic
he traces the earliest historical roots of the western concept of self to works on philosophy,
Frank johnson (1985)
By the middle and 19TH centuries, ________ has provided answers to philosophical questions about the concepts of ______ and ______.
Psychology, soul and mind
The growth of ________, _______ and ________ in the late 19th century saw the emergence of various concepts of self, among them the western concept.
sociology, anthropology and psychology
In the east, philosophy and religion are _________.
twisted together
For this reason, the eastern thought is described as pluralistic is said by?
Grace (2013)
For this reason, the eastern thought is described as pluralistic
Anatta
is the cause of life’s misery, births and rebirths.
primal ignorance
its text is VEDAS. and its GOAL is: “Change your perception of the world to perceive the Brahman in oneself and others.”
hinduism
is the self that is all within us; the true nature of human
Brahman
(soul or spirit), the true knowledge of self is identical to brahman
atman
is the result of failuRe to realize the distinction between the true self and non-true self
Human suffering
Permanent and unchanging
True Self
impermanent and changes continually
non-true self
(most important doctrine).
The law of karma
Founder of buddhism
Siddharta Gautama
It means awake
Budh
- Every person has the seed of enlightenment.
- Opening of eyes would lead to understanding more about the self and the world.
Buddhism
