Lesson 4 - Causes, consequences and management of refugee movements Flashcards
(23 cards)
Name four countries currently affected by conflict related displacement
- Syria
- South Sudan
- Yemen
- Ukraine
What causes conflict within a single state?
Long staining tensions between ethnic or religious groups.
What is a ‘failed state’ and how does it relate to migration?
A failed state has lost control and can’t protect its people. This leads to violence and a large number of refugees.
What is land grabbing and displacement?
When multinational companies seize control of agricultural land in developing countries, sometimes unpaid. Those within the communities often lack literacy and ca not assert any legal claim to claim their land.
What are climate change refugees?
People who have been forced out of the country due to effects of climate change such as droughts.
What are some of the impacts on the refugees themselves?
- Refugees may not have time to pack possessions so they make have a lack of money which can make arrival in a nerve host region challenging
- Many are held in over crowded refugee camps where conditions are basic e.g., spread of disease rapidly. - Children may receive no education
What is a stateless refugee and how does it breach human rights?
A stateless refugee is someone who has no nationality, can not get a passport and often can’t access basic rights like education nd healthcare. This breaches human rights such as right to nationality, right to education and right to protection.
Why do refugees stay close to their home country?
They usually travel the shortest distance to feel safe, often to neighbouring countries.
What is ‘distance decay’ in refugee movement?
It means the number of refugees decreases the further you go from the conflict area.
What are the impacts on neighbouring countries that receive large numbers of refugees?
Economic and environmental pressures such as strain on housing healthcare and jobs.
Why might developed countries hesitate to accept many refugees?
Because supporting refugees can be expensive.
Why might some refugees struggle to integrate into host countries?
They may not speak the language, have trauma or feel unwelcome.
What are some concerns host countries may have about refugees?
A small minority may commit crimes or be involved in terrorism which can cause public fear.
How can refugees benefit developed economies in the long run?
They can create jobs, bring skills and help grow the economy.
What is the 1951 Refugee Convention?
A key UN agreement that outlines the rights of refugees and the legal responsibilities of member states to protect them.
What is the core principle of the 1951 Refugee convention?
No refoulment. Refugees must not be sent back to a country where they are at risk.
What is the purpose of the Refugee convention to Stateless Persons?
To guarantee basic human rights for stateless people, including access to education, jobs and housing.
What does UNHCR stand for and what does it do?
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees it oversees refugee protection and helps displaced people globally.
How does the UNHCR work with the WHO?
They provide camps, shelter and healthcare support to displaced people.
What role do UN peacekeeping troops play in refugee crises?
They protect refugees in camps from violence
How do NGOs support displaced people?
They provide legal aid, legal support and pressure governments to protect refugee rights.
Why do some state struggle to control refugee and military movements across boarders? Example
Their boarders are long, hard to monitor and often pass through difficult terrain. Example, Democratic Republic of Congo
What geographical feature makes it hard for DRC to police its boarders?
Much of the border runs through dense tropical rainforest.
