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Empowerment Technology > Lesson 5: Computer Hardware > Flashcards

Lesson 5: Computer Hardware Flashcards

(73 cards)

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1
Q

Computers are ______ machines, meaning they only understand two states —on and off, represented by a 0 and a 1o

A

Binary

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2
Q

short for binary digit

A

Bit

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3
Q

the smallest unit of data a computer can process

A

Bit

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4
Q

Eight bits together is called a ____

A

Byte

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5
Q

roughly equivalent to one character

A

Byte

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6
Q

a connector located on the system case that you use to plug peripheral devices into the computer; attached to a bus on the motherboard

A

Port

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7
Q

a sequence of electronic circuitry used to transfer data among computer components

A

Bus

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8
Q

one of the most common types of buses, which you can use to connect 127 different devices to a single USB port

A

Universal Serial Bus (USB)

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9
Q
  • is a device that contains a number of USB ports and plugs into a single USB port on a computer
A

USB hub

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10
Q

another type of bus, which was developed by Apple as a high-speed method for connecting multimedia devices such as video cameras to a computer

A

FireWire or IEEE 1394

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11
Q

connects speakers, headphones, and microphones

A

Audio

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12
Q

connects the computer to a wired network using an Ethernet cable

A

RJ-45

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13
Q

standards for connecting display monitors

A

Video Graphics Array (VGA) High-Definition and Multimedia Interface (HDMI)

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14
Q

also called circuit boards

A

Expansion Cards or Adapter Cards

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15
Q

can be plugged into expansion slots on the motherboard of a desktop or server computer

A

Expansion Cards

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16
Q

expand the capabilities of the computer or let you attach a peripheral device to the computer

A

Expansion Cards

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17
Q

mobile computers use ___________ modules and ___ adapters, which are smaller than expansion cards and are plugged into slots or ports that you access outside of the system unit

A

ExpressCard; USB

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18
Q

a peripheral device you use to enter data and commands into a computer

A

Input Device

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19
Q

can be as simple as a keyboard or as sophisticated as equipment used for voice recognition

A

Input Device

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20
Q

the most common input device for entering text and numbers into a computer

A

Keyboards

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21
Q

can be built into the computer, attached using a cable, or connected using a wireless connection

A

Keyboards

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22
Q

designed to provide comfort and avoid stress or fatigue to your hands, wrists, and arms

A

Ergonomic Keyboard

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23
Q

include specialized keys that represent specific items for input such as food orders, and are used in fast-food restaurants and other workplaces

A

Specialized Keyboard

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24
Q

primarily used with mobile devices

A

Foldable or Flexible

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25
is an input device you use to position the pointer on the screen
Pointing Device
26
a pointing device that fits comfortably in the palm of your hand
Mouse
27
Types of Mice: (OWT)
1. Optical 2. Wireless 3. Touch
28
also called a trackpad
Touchpad
29
a touch-sensitive surface that can convert the motion and position of your fingers to a relative position on screen
Touchpad
30
have a touch-sensitive surface that overlays the screen and responds to the electrical impulses in your fingertips
Touchscreens
31
a pen-like writing instrument that works with touchscreens
Stylus
32
For drawing, writing, or tapping on a screen
Stylus
33
sound entered into a computer, and includes speech, sound effects, and music
Audio Input
34
types of pointing devices you use when playing games, or as adaptive equipment when you need an alternative to a mouse
Game Controllers
35
are devices that can change images into codes that the computer accepts as input
Scanners
36
a security technique using automated methods of recognizing a person based on a physical characteristic
Biometrics
37
desktop computers typically use a _______ as their display device
monitor
38
manipulates light with a layer of liquid crystal cells to produce an image
liquid crystal display (LCD)
39
are lightweight, display images clearly, and use energy efficiently
liquid crystal display (LCD)
40
form images by combining pixels of color
Display Screens
41
short for picture element
Pixel
42
the smallest surface area that can contain color on a display device
Pixel
43
number of pixels displayed on a screen
Screen Resolution
44
determines the amount of information that can be displayed at one time
Screen Resolution
45
connects to a computer and projects images onto a wall screen or other large, flat surface
Projector
46
bounces lights off microscopic mirrors on a computer chip
Digital Light Processing (DLP)
47
produce a paper copy, or hard copy, of processing results
Printers
48
Measured in pages per minute (ppm)
Speed
49
Measured in dots per inch (dpi)
Print Quality
50
Includes the original cost of the printer and what it costs for the ink or toner
Price
51
Types of Output Devices (SHE)
1. Speakers 2. Headphones 3. Earbuds
52
are the physical materials used to store data, such as disks and DVDs
Storage Media
53
the equipment that records and retrieves data from storage media
Storage Device
54
include hard drives, CD/DVD drives, and USB flash drives
Storage Device
55
refers to a storage device and the media it uses
Storage Technology
56
maximum amount of data a medium can store
Capacity
57
Measured by access time and the data transfer rate
Speed
58
the average number of milliseconds (ms) it takes a computer to retrieve data from the storage device
Access Time
59
determines how much data the storage device can move per second from the storage media to the computer
Data Transfer Rate
60
main storage device in a computer
Hard Drive
61
contain a stack of disks made of aluminum or glass that are coated with magnetic iron oxide particles
Hard Disk Drive
62
refers to how fast the platters spin when the read/write head is accessing data.
Revolutions per minute (rpm)
63
the higher the rpm, the faster the read/write heads can locate specific data
RPM
64
uses flash memory technology to store data as electrical rather than magnetic charges
Solid-State Drive (SSD)
65
have no moving parts, so they are more durable and reliable than mechanical hard drives
Solid-State Drive (SSD)
66
consume less power, generate less heat, and retrieve data more quickly, making them a good alternative for tablets and other mobile devices
Solid-State Drive (SSD)
67
a separate, freestanding high-capacity storage device that you attach to a computer, usually using a USB port
External Hard Drives
68
use the same solid-state technology as internal SSDs do
Portable Drives
69
smallest types
Memory Cards
70
another type of solid-state storage media
USB flash drives
71
uses lasers to read and write data on plastic platters that contain a metal layer, which reflects the laser light back to a sensor in an optical drive
Optical Storage Devices
72
Examples of Optical Media
compact discs (CDs) and DVDs are called discs
73
More recent type of optical storage media; provides more than fie times the storage capacity of a traditional DVD
Blu-ray disc

Empowerment Technology (7 decks)

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