LESSON 7

Question 1

Is a process where diploid cells undergo cell division and differentiation through meiosis to form haploid gametes or sex cells.

Answer 1

gametogenesis

Question 2

Where does Gametogenesis takes place?
Usually takes place in the reproductive organ of the body

Answer 2

Usually takes place in the reproductive organ of the body.

Question 3

________ germ cells found in the reproductive organs undergo growth and development to eventually become sex cell.

Answer 3

Primordial or undifferentiated

Question 4

2 types of gametogenesis

Answer 4

spermatogenesis, oogenesis

Question 5

is a process of sperm formation.

Answer 5

spermatogenesis

Question 6

is a hormonally controlled process that begins in males at the age of puberty.

Answer 6

spermatogenesis

Question 7

Inside the testes are the numerous thin and tightly coiled seminiferous tubules with immature cells called _________, which develop into mature sperm as the process goes on.

Answer 7

spermatogonia

Question 8

_____ cells that abound along the inner walls of the tubules help nourish the immature germ cells by providing them nutrients and blood products

Answer 8

Sertoli

Question 9

As the immature cells develop into _______, ___________, ______ and finally into ______, they are transported closer to the ___________ , and into the _________

Answer 9

primary spermatocytes -> secondary spermatocytes->spermatids-> sperm cells

lumen of seminiferous tubules -> epididymis

Question 10

Each haploid sperm cell is produced from _________ that undergoes the process of spermatogenesis thus, making them different from an ordinary somatic cell.

Answer 10

diploid primordial cell

Question 11

In human males, a haploid chromosome number is composed of _______ and ______________________

Answer 11

22 autosomal chromosomes; other one sex chromosomes either X or Y.

Question 12

is the process of egg formation.

Answer 12

oogenesis

Question 13

similarly, in the ovaries of a female, at the start of puberty, oogenesis take place

Answer 13

oogenesis

Question 14

Inside the ovaries are the primordial cells called _____.

Answer 14

ooginia

Question 15

Inside the ovaries are the primordial cells called ooginia. These mature and develop into __________, __________, ootids, and finally into __________

Answer 15

primary oocytes -> secondary oocytes -> ovum or egg cell.

Question 16

As the process continues, the chromosome of the original primordial cell is reduced to half of the original number, thus, making the cell ________ after the whole process.

Answer 16

haploid

Question 17

In human females, the haploid number consist of _______ and ____________.

Answer 17

22 autosomal chromosomes ; one sex chromosomal, the X chromosome

Question 18

_______ - is a condition in which a baby is born with an extra chromosome number 21.

Answer 18

Down syndrome

Question 19

The extra chromosome is associated with delays in the child’s mental and physical development, as well as an increased risk for health problems.

Answer 19

down syndrome

Question 20

___________ is caused by a random error in cell division that results in the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21

Answer 20

Down syndrome

Question 21

Down syndrome is caused by a random error in cell division that results in the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21. The type of error is called ____________.

Answer 21

nondisjunction

Question 22

trisomy 21 - extra chromosome 21

Answer 22

down syndrome

Question 23

eyes slanting upward

Answer 23

down syndrome

Question 24

trisomy 18 - extra chromosome 18

Answer 24

edward’s syndrome

Question 25

Children with _________ have 3 copies of part or all of chromosome 18, instead of the usual 2 copies.

Answer 25

Edwards syndrome

Question 26

This can be caused by a mistake in the formation of the egg or sperm, or the problem can arise while the baby is developing in the womb.

Answer 26

edwards sydrome or trisomy 18

Question 27

Symptoms of __________ typically include poor growth before and after birth, multiple birth defects and severe developmental delays or learning problems.

Answer 27

Edwards syndrome (trisomy 18)

Question 28

oblique fissures

Answer 28

down syndrome

Question 29

white spots on iris

Answer 29

down syndrome

Question 30

low muscle tone

Answer 30

down syndrome

Question 31

low stature with short neck

Answer 31

down syndrome

Question 32

flat nasal bridge

Answer 32

down syndrome

Question 33

protruding tongue

Answer 33

down syndrome

Question 34

large space between the large and second toe

Answer 34

down syndrome

Question 35

unusually small head

Answer 35

edwards syndrome

Question 36

back of the head is prominent

Answer 36

edwards syndrome

Question 37

ears are malformed

Answer 37

edwards syndrome

Question 38

mouth and jaw are small and sometimes have cleft palate

Answer 38

edwards syndrome

Question 39

hands are clenched into fists

Answer 39

edwards syndrome

Question 40

clubfeet

Answer 40

edwards syndrome

Question 41

_______is a serious, rare genetic disorder caused by having an additional copy of chromosome 13 in some or all of the body’s cells.

Answer 41

Patau’s syndrome

Question 42

trisomy 13

Answer 42

patau’s syndrome

Question 43

kidney, heart malformation

Answer 43

patau’s syndrome

Question 44

polydactyly

Answer 44

patau’s synrdrome

Question 45

a condition that affects only females,

Answer 45

Turner syndrome,

Question 46

_____________ results when one of the X chromosomes (sex chromosomes) is missing or partially missing.

Answer 46

Turner syndrome,

Question 47

_____________ can cause a variety of medical and developmental problems, including short height, failure of the ovaries to develop and heart defects.

Answer 47

Turner syndrome

Question 48

occurs when part or all of an X chromosome is missing from most or all of the cells in a girl’s body.

Answer 48

Turner syndrome

Question 49

monosomy x

Answer 49

turner syndrome

Question 50

is where boys and men are born with an extra X chromosome.

Answer 50

Klinefelter syndrome (sometimes called Klinefelter’s, KS or XXY)

Question 51

Low sperm count or no sperm.
Small testicles and penis.
Low sex drive.
Taller than average height.
Weak bones.
Decreased facial and body hair.
Less muscular compared with other men.
Enlarged breast tissue.

Answer 51

klinefelter syndrome

Question 51

Trisomy X, also called _________

Answer 51

triple X syndrome or 47,XXX

Question 52

is characterized by the presence of an additional X chromosome in each of a female’s cells.

Answer 52

Trisomy X, also called triple X syndrome or 47,XXX,

Question 53

XYY syndrome, also known as__________, is an aneuploid genetic condition in which a male has an extra Y chromosome

Answer 53

Jacobs syndrome

Question 54

, is an aneuploid genetic condition in which a male has an extra Y chromosome

Answer 54

XYY syndrome, also known as Jacobs syndrome

Question 55

here are usually few symptoms. These may include being taller than average and an increased risk of learning disabilities.

Answer 55

XYY syndrome, also known as Jacobs syndrome

Question 56

supermales
tall above 6ft
act normal
high levels of testosterone
puberty-slender
fertile

Answer 56

XYY syndrome/Jacob’s syndrome