Lesson 8: Flashcards
(31 cards)
what arises from the ectoderm and mesoderm?
The epithelium.
Avascular, a basement membrane, shows up with PAS stain - These are all characteristics of?
Epithelium.
Which basement membrane domain provides protection of the epithelial surface and absorbs substances?
Apical domain.
The ________________ domain anchors the epithelial cells to each other and to the basement membrane.
Basolateral domain.
Tumor proteasomes can degrade the basal lamina of the basement membrane, allowing cancerous cells to reach the blood flow and spread to other tissues - What is this called?
Metastasis.
What are the 2 layers of the basement membrane? Describe them:
- Basal lamina - made of collagen type IV.
- Reticular lamina - made of collagen type III. Has reticular fibers.
True or false: The basement membrane is made primarily of glycoproteins, and therefore is best viewed when stained with H&E.
FALSE - Glycoproteins are best viewed in PAS, not H&E.
Failure of collagen type III and/or type IV, will result in what condition?
Kidney disease.
Which basement membrane disease is characterized by progressive neuropathy, causing hematuria (blood in urine). Is transmitted through an X-Linked recessive gene. and is a result of a mutation in the COL4A5 gene?
Alport syndrome.
A basement membrane autoimmune disease that has progressive glomerulonephritis and pulmonary complications. Is caused by Anti-COL4A3 antibodies binding to basal lamanae.
a. Alport syndrome.
b. Osteogenesis imperfecta.
c. Good pasture syndrome.
d. Benign familial hematuria.
C - Good pasture syndrome.
True or false: Benign familial hematuria is caused by a dominant inherited mutation of COL4A3.
True!
Components of connective tissue proper:
- Fibroblasts - Do secretion of CT precursors.
- Extracellular fibers - collagen and elastin.
- Extracellular matrix - amyloid.
The ____________ contains 20% of our bodily fluids.
Interstitium.
What is a 3-chain fibrous protein that coils, generates tensile strength, and has fibroblasts/osteoblasts/chondroblasts/odontoblasts to secrete it?
Collagen.
Steps of intracellular collagen formation:
Procollagen -> modified by procollagen peptidase -> tropocollagen.
Steps of extracellular collagen formation:
Tropocollagen -> self-assembly via lysyl hydroxylase and oxidase -> collagen fibrils -> aggregates -> Collagen fibers.
Which collagen condition interferes with the conversion of procollagen to collagen by one of two mechanisms? Reduces tensile strength in tendons. and is a product of mutation in COL1A1 and COL1A2 -
a. Osteogenesis imperfecta.
b. Ehlers-danlos syndrome.
c. Stricklers syndrome.
d. Amyloidosis.
B - Ehlers-danlos syndrome.
Which collagen condition causes myopia, hypoplasia of the jaw, and arthritis - has type II collagen - and has the COL2A1 gene mutated?
a. Osteogenesis imperfecta.
b. Ehlers-danlos syndrome.
c. Stricklers syndrome.
d. Amyloidosis.
C - Stricklers syndrome.
Which collagen condition causes bones fragility, has COL1A1 mutated, and has no normal bone ossification due to a lack of type I collagen.
a. Osteogenesis imperfecta.
b. Ehlers-danlos syndrome.
c. Stricklers syndrome.
d. Amyloidosis.
A - Osteogenesis imperfecta.
Explain the two mechanisms by which ehlers-danlos syndrome may form:
- Mutated procollagen peptidase will remove the non-helical ends of procollagen, making defective fibrils.
- Mutation of lysyl hydroxylase - causing a decrease in strength of collagen fibers.
Osteogenesis imperfecta type 1:
Mild, non-deforming.
Osteogenesis imperfecta type 2:
Perinatal lethal. Pretty bad.
Osteogenesis imperfecta type 3:
Very severe, lots of deformity.
Osteogenesis imperfecta type 4:
Mild to moderate symptoms and deformity.
