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Bio Lab I > Lesson 9 > Flashcards

Lesson 9 Flashcards

1
Q

fungi

A

have cell walls and are heterotrophic.

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2
Q

heterotrophic

A

organisms feed on organic matter produced by other organisms

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3
Q

supergroups

A

a type of classification

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4
Q

pigments

A

substances that absorb light

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5
Q

unicellular algae

A

occur as single, unattached cells that may or may not be mobile

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6
Q

filamentous algae

A

species that occur as chains of cells attached end to end

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7
Q

colonial algae

A

occur as groups of cells attached to each other in a nonfilamentous manner

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8
Q

gametes that have identical shape and appearance

A

isogamous

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9
Q

syngamy

A

pairing and fusion of haploid gametes to form diploid gametes

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10
Q

resistant surface on a zygote

A

zygospore

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11
Q

spores

A

haploid individuals that are capable of developing into an adult without fusing with another cell

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12
Q

conjugation

A

process by which bacteria sexually reproduce. filaments of opposite mating types lie side by side and form projections that grow toward each other. these projections touch and form a conjugation tube through the separating wall dissolving.

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13
Q

diploid stage of the life cycle produces spores and is called the

A

sporophyte

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14
Q

gametophyte

A

haploid stage of the life cycle

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15
Q

alternating between diploid and haploid gametes

A

alternation of generations

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16
Q

oogamy

A

process of making oogonia

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17
Q

daughter colonies

A

when cells divide and produce new colonies called daughter colonies that are held inside the parent colony

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18
Q

brown pigment

A

fucoxanthin

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19
Q

conceptacles

A

tips of fucus branches

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20
Q

oogonia

A

female reproductive structures

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21
Q

male reproductive structure in algae

A

antheridia

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22
Q

hydrophobic substance that absorbs water

A

alginic acid

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23
Q

diatoms

A

unicellular algae containing chlorophylls a and c and xanthopylls

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24
Q

layers of earth containing diatoms

A

diatomaceous earth

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25
layers of earth containing diatoms
diatomaceous earth
26
protozoans
eukaryotes with an animal-like heterotrophic ecology
27
movable extensions of cytoplasm used for locomotion and gathering food
pseudopods
28
food vacuole
formed from phagocytosis contractile vacuole expells excess water
29
intracellular digestion
secrete enzymes into food vacuole
30
secreted or partially secreted covering like a shell on amoeba
test
31
flagellum
a long tail
32
thin, flat surface that an be undulated or waved for locomotion
undulating membrane
33
cillia
tiny hairs on
34
micronuclei and macronuclei
micronuclei develop from micronuclei and control cell function
35
mass of brightly coloured protoplasm
plasmodium
36
when the plasmodium dries into a hard resistant structure
sclerotium
37
Viridiplantae and rhodophyte
are archaeplastida
38
Viridiplantae
green algae and land plants Have chlorophyll a and b, store starch and cell wall made of cellulose - have double membrane chloroplasts
39
Rhodophyta
red algae with phycoerythrin, phycocyanin and allophycocyanins
40
Types of viridiplantae are
chlamydomonas and volvox
41
chlamydomonas
unicellular green algae will cell wall | Moves with flagella
42
volvox
``` colonial algae (unicellular but sticks together) Has daughter colonies inside ```
43
Types of rhodophyte are
polysiphania and porphyria
44
Alveolate and
stramenophiles are connected
45
Types of alveolate ar
dinoflagellates, cilliophora and apicomplexa
46
dinoflagellates
marine algae that cause red tide! (toxin) Photosynthetic - very unusual - has double layer chloroplast
47
cilliophora
have cilia | Heterotrophic
48
apicomplexa
single cells Obligate parasites (can’t survive on their own) Cause malaria
49
Types of ciliophora are
paramecium and vorticella
50
Types of apicomplexa
are plasmodium
51
Stramenophiles are
heterokonts (water molds, diatoms and brown algae) heterotrophs are non pigmented and filamentous (water molds) Photosynthetic ones have chlorophyll a, c and fucoxanthin (causes brown colour)
52
Oomycota are
water molds | - can be saprophytic (breaks down organic matter) and pathogenic (disease carrying)
53
Bacillariophyta
are diatoms have fucoxanthin Diatomaceous earth is a good filter Produces lots of o2
54
Phaeophyta are
brown algae photosynthetic and has chlorophyll a, c and carotenoid and fucoxanthin Alternations of generations Has a double membrane chloroplast
55
Rhizaria have
foraminifera have pseudopods (fake feet) appendages And shells called tests
56
Amoeba
unicellular but large Heterotrophic (can be saprophytes and parasites) Move by shifting around cytoplasm to create pseudopods - have no cell wall!
57
Plasmodium
is a giant single cell with many nuclei
58
Euglenozoa
have kinetoplastida move using flagella and undulating membrane (a wavy type cell) Has a kinetoplast, a mass of circular DNA in mitochondria
59
Types of kinetoplastida
are Trypanosoma
60
why are green algae and red algae related?
endosymbiont hypothesis states that green and red plastids have a common origin
61
life cycle of chlamydomonas
start out diploid, form a zygospore (hard zygote) that then makes spores through meiosis. makes 4 gametes (2 + and 2-) the gametes then fertile (+ and -) in syngamy
62
alternation of generations
sporophyte is diploid, sporangium make spores through meiosis (4) then the gametophyte takes them and makes gametes. the gametes then fertilize through syngamy
63
fucus life cycle
through meiosis, makes gametes, are fertilized through external syngamy and then the zygote germinates in the thallus' conceptacles
64
alternations of generations is shown by
cladophora
65
viridiplantae are also
spirogyra (spiral chloroplasts
66
oogamy
one gamete (sperm) is small and motile, the other gamete (egg) is larger and nonmotile
67
isogamy
same gametes size will fuse together
68
how do diatoms move
glide on gelatinous sheathes
69
conjugation adv and disad
adv: mixes gene disked: takes energy and more than one organism
70
read the book
yes

Bio Lab I (12 decks)

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