Liberalism Flashcards
(32 cards)
what is liberalism
an approach that explains outcomes in the international system based on the type of political regime in a state, or international institutions, instead of a focus on power.
liberalism is a reformulation of what
the legalist approach, that was severely delegitimized with the rise of fascism in the 1930s.
what is An important liberal critique of realism
unitary rational actor assumption
what is unitary rational actor assumption
the realist assumption that states can assumed to behave like individual decision-makers. Realists make this a deliberately simplifying assumption to make realist theories more parsimonious. too simple
what can we do instead of assuming states behave like individual decision-makers
an examination of the interaction of the domestic actors can provide more accurate predictions of outcomes. Democratic, authoritarian, totalitarian, or military governments have different domestic constitutional configurations, which produce different policy effects.
who said that democracies do not go to war against each other.
Bush and later, Clinton
what is the Democratic Peace Theory
democracies do not go to war against each other.
what do the statistical evidence say about the Democratic Peace Theory
democracies tend not to initiate wars, but do embark on them more frequently. However, democracies are no more likely to be peaceful than non-democratic states.
when does regional peace occur
Regional peace occurs when strong states with established inner peace enter into relations.
in what system democratic peace doesn’t exist
Liberal Imperialism
who believed in Liberal Imperialism
classical greeks and northern Italian ( machiavelli )
who invented Liberal Internationalism
Kant
what is called the separate peace ( Kant )
Pacific union
what three articles would contain the pacific union
I). State have a republican constitution: moral autonomy, individualism, social order.
(II). Republics create pacific union.
(III). Cosmopolitan Law: laws apply to locals and foreign (permits commerce
can war happen outside the union ( Kant )
yes, protect freedom, property, or support liberal allies
what is democracies
Democracies are states with a liberal ideology that includes: free speech, regular competitive elections, almost universal suffrage, have had at least one democratic change of government.
who talked about polyarchy
Robert Dahl
what are the points of polyarchy
(1) . Freedom to form and join organizations.
(2) . Freedom of expression.
(3) . Right to Vote.
(4) . Eligibility for Public Office.
(5) . Right of political leaders to compete for support (and votes).
(6) . Alternative sources of information (media).
(7) . Free and fair elections.
(8) . Institutions for making government policies depend on votes and other expressions of preference.
who talked about Liberal Pacifism
Joseph Schumpeter
what is Liberal Pacifism
capitalism + democracy creates liberal pacifism.
Defn “Liberal”: (i) individual freedom, (ii) political participation, (iii) private property, (iv) equality of of opportunity.
what is one problem of democracy
measurement of a democracy
one example of problem of measurement of a democracy
the U.S. a score of 9 on 10 as a democracy in 1812 (when slavery was still practised and women lacked legal rights) but gives Peru only a 2 on 10 in 1994, despite having a wider franchise.
what are the three explanation for democratic peace
_(1): Normative: social norms
(2): Structural: institutional constraints;
_(3): Organizational:
what is the normative explanation for democratic peace
Democratic states do not go to war against each other when there is a mutual recognition that they are both democratic, because they have a mutual expectation of liberal treatment.
reasonable, predictable, and trustworthy.
Citizens only support war if it brings peace, and are therefore more likely to support war against illiberal states. Illiberal leaders are therefore selected-out.
