Life in Nazi Germany

Question 1

How did the structure of education change under the Nazis?

Answer 1

• centralised
• genders separated
• private primary schools and confessional schools abolished
• Castles of the Order (elite schools) and Adolf Hitler schools set up

Question 2

Who was in charge of education?

Answer 2

Bernhard Rust

Question 3

What did 97% of teachers belong to in 1937?

Answer 3

Nationalist Socialist Teachers League

Question 4

What % of teachers were purged?

Answer 4

60%

Question 5

How were teachers viewed during the Nazi rule?

Answer 5

reduced respect, leads to increase in teaching vacancies

Question 6

How did the curriculum change?

Answer 6

• Radicalisation: race studies and Eugenics
• PE is 15% of curriculum
• Censorship of books
• Lessons promote Nazi ideology
• Jewish children segregated schools 1942
• separate genders

Question 7

What did boys go to outside of school?

Answer 7

Hitler Youth (14-18)

Question 8

What groups did girls join outside school?

Answer 8

League of German Maidens (BDM)

Question 9

What did Goebbels set up to control all arts and culture in 1933?

Answer 9

Reich Chamber of Culture

Question 10

What were Nazi aims in regards to culture?

Answer 10

promote Nazi ideology/ indoctrination

Question 11

How did the Nazis encourage involvement in Culture?

Answer 11

Strength through joy trips to the theater and art galleries

Question 12

How did the Nazis make some forms of art unacceptable?

Answer 12

1937 Degenerate Art exhibition in Munich

Question 13

What books were banned or burnt in 1933?

Answer 13

Jewish books
politically unacceptable books
all quiet on the western front

Question 14

How was sporting prowess encouraged?

Answer 14

• 1936 Berlin Olympics (89 German medals)

- Sculptors encouraged to show physically perfect Aryans

Question 15

How were building projects used to promote Nazi ideology?

Answer 15

-Public buildings hung with Swastika

Question 16

What public holidays became important?

Answer 16

Mothers day

Question 17

What was the Nazi slogan towards women?

Answer 17

Kinder Kuche Kirche

Question 18

Name organisations that women joined

Answer 18

German women’s enterprise

Nationalist Socialist Womanhood (NSF)

Question 19

How was marriage encouraged?

Answer 19

• marriage loans. Repayment reduced by 25% per child
• law to reduce unemployment 1933
• improved welfare services

Question 20

How much did the marriage rate increase by?

Answer 20

1932-516,000

1934-740,000

Question 21

What programme aimed to create healthy Aryan children?

Answer 21

Lebensborn from 1936

Question 22

What became easier by 1938?

Answer 22

Divorce - encouraged if the couple were infertile

Question 23

How were women encouraged to have children?

Answer 23

Bronze, Silver and gold awards

Mothers cross if you had more than 8 children

Question 24

Why did women have to go back to work?

Answer 24

WW2
could still get a marriage loans if they worked
1.5 million women employed by 1939

Question 25

When was the compulsory sterilization programme introduced?

Answer 25

January 1934. | Widened to allow abortion of the unfit by 1935

Question 26

How many people were sterilised 1934-5?

Answer 26

400,000

Question 27

What example of early persecution of Jews are there?

Answer 27

- April 1933 boycott of Jewish shops - April 1934 Law for restoration of the civil service (excluded Jews from gov jobs) - 1935 Nuremberg laws

Question 28

How did propaganda discriminate against Jews?

Answer 28

Marked them out as different and sub-human

Question 29

What was Kristallnacht?

Answer 29

Burning of synagogues and shops and homes. First widespread use of violence in Germany. Over 20,000 Jews sent to concentration camps

Question 30

How many Jews emigrated between 1933-39?

Answer 30

over 450,000

Question 31

How did invasion of Poland in 1939 mark a change in policy towards Jews?

Answer 31

Jews sent to ghettos. Einsatzgruppen squads = mass murder

Question 32

Why did Strength through Joy buses take people to see Jews in ghettos?

Answer 32

To show how dirty and disease ridden Jews were | marks them out as depraved

Question 33

How many gypsies were sent to ghettos?

Answer 33

45,000 to Lodz

Question 34

When and where was the final solution decided?

Answer 34

Wannsee conference | January 1942

Question 35

Identify key turning points in policy towards the Jews

Answer 35

``` 1933-4 : sporadic violence/seperation 1935 : N laws. Jews no longer protected 1938 : K. open and widespread violence 1939 : WW2. Mass murder 1942 : Final solution ```