Lifespan Final Flashcards
Development begins when?
conception
Socioeconomic status means what?
social standing of a class
What is DNA?
hereditary material in humans
What is a teratogen?
causes malfunction in embryo; birth defects- alcohol, drugs, caffeine, extreme maternal stress
How much alcohol is safe in pregancy?
0; 0-4-9 (zero for nine months)
A baby born before 37 weeks is called?
pre-term
You hear mom is suffering from sadness, anxiety, and inability to deal with daily tasks, what could it be?
postpartum depression
What is lateralization as it relates to brain development?
The view that certain functions are performed by distinct regions of the brain
According to Piaget, what are schemes?
actions or mental representations that organize knowledge- behavioral or mental
structured by simple actions that can be performed on objects (in infants)
older children have schemes that include strategies and plans for solving problems
use and adapt schemes by assimilation (using existing schemes to deal with new information or experiences) or accommodation (adjusting schemes to fit new information and experiences)
What does Piaget call when a baby knows that there is a toy behind your back that he just played with?
object permanence
How do neurons change the first year?
number & density increases
A baby is shown a toy several times, then loses interest in it. What does this demonstrate?
habituation
When a parent describes their child as “easy”, “difficult”, or “slow to warm”, what are they referring to?
temperament
Know Erikson’s stages/ be familiar with Piaget
Erikson’s 8 Stages
Trust vs mistrust- first year
Autonomy vs shame and doubt- 1-3
Initiative vs guilt- early childhood 3-5
Industry vs inferiority- mid & late childhood 6- puberty
Identity vs identity confusion- adolescence 10-20
Intimacy vs isolation- early adulthood 20s and 30s
Generativity vs stagnation- mid adulthood 40s and 50s
Integrity vs despair- late adulthood 60s onward
Piaget- children go through 4 stages of cognitive development as they actively construct their understanding of the world
driven by motor processes- organization and adaptation
sensorimotor- birth to 2
preoperational- 2 to 7
concrete operational- 7 to 11
formal operational- 11 onwards
What is social referencing?
infants use affective displays of adults to regulate their behavior
A little girl likes to play dolls, dress up and tea party, while a boy likes trucks, cars, and wrestling. What kind of behavior is this?
gender play
What type of parenting is evident when limits are set on children, but encouraging independence?
authoritative parenting
What do you call a parent with virtually no restrictions?
indulgent
In learning disabilities, do boys or girls seem to be identified more?
boys
What can be seen with a child with obesity, anxiety, depression, possible suicide and deliquency?
bullying
What is the difference between anorexia and bulimia?
anorexia- no binging/purging, starving self, low body weight
bulimia- binge/purge via vomiting, laxatives, diuretics and typically have normal body weight
What is the term used when an adolescent thinks he is much better at something than others?
*ego centrism, top dog phenomenon?
Do individuals exercise more or less as they age?
less
What is the more cited factor in adolescent suicide?
substance abuse
