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Limb Flashcards

(70 cards)

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1
Q

How many muscles are in the posterior compartment of the leg?

A

Superficial - 3

Deep - 4

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2
Q

What are the 3 muscles in the superficial compartment of the posterior leg?

A

Gastrocnemius
Plantaris
Soleus

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3
Q

What are the 4 muscles in the deep compartment of the posterior leg?

A

Popliteus
Tibialis posterior
Flexor hallucis longus
Flexor digitorum longus

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4
Q

How many muscles are there in the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

3

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5
Q

What are the 3 muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

Extensor hallucis longus
Extensor digitorum longus
Tibialis anterior

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6
Q

How many muscles are there in the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

2

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7
Q

What are the 2 muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

Peroneal (fibularis) longus

Peroneal (fibularis) brevis

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8
Q

How many muscles are there in the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A

7

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9
Q

What muscles is the quadriceps femoris made up of?

A

Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius

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10
Q

What are the 7 muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A 
Iliopsoas
Pectineus
Sartorius
Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius
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11
Q

How many muscles are there in the medial compartment of the thigh?

A

5

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12
Q

What are the 5 muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh?

A 
Adductor brevis
Adductor longus
Adductor magnus (adductor part)
Gracilis
Obturator externus
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13
Q

What are the borders of the femoral triangle?

A

Superior - inguinal ligament
Lateral - sartorius
Medial - adductor longus

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14
Q

How many muscles are there in the posterior compartment of the thigh?

A

4

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15
Q

What are the 4 muscles of the posterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Biceps femoris (long and short head)
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Hamstring part of adductor magnus

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16
Q

How many muscles are there in the gluteal region?

A

Superficial - 4

Deep - 4

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17
Q

What are the 4 muscles in the superficial compartment of the glutes?

A

Gluteus maximus
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Tensor fascia latae

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18
Q

What are the 4 muscles in the deep compartment of the glutes?

A

Piriformis
Superior and inferior gemelli
Obturator internus
Quadratus femoris

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19
Q

What is the arterial supply to the anterior thigh?

A

Femoral

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20
Q

What is the arterial supply to the medial thigh?

A

Obturator

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21
Q

What is the arterial supply to the posterior thigh?

A

Deep femoral (also supplies hamstring part of adductor magnus)

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22
Q

What is the arterial supply to the posterior leg?

A

Posterior tibial

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23
Q

What is the arterial supply to the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

Peroneal (fibrular)

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24
Q

What is the arterial supply to the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

Anterior tibial

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25
What is the arterial supply to the glute muscles?
Superior gluteal | Inferior gluteal
26
Describe the course and branches of the external iliac?
External iliac Femoral (gives off deep femoral) Polpiteal Bifurcates into posterior and anterior tibial Anterior tibial becomes dorsalis pedis, posterior tibial gives off fibrular
27
What is the obturator, superior and inferior gluteal artery a branch of?
Internal iliac
28
How many muscles connect the scapula to the vertebral column (pectoral girdle)?
Superficial - 2 | Deep - 3
29
What are the 2 superficial muscles of the pectoral girdle?
Latissmus dorsi | Trapezius
30
What are the 3 deep muscles of the pectoral girdle?
Levator scapulae Rhomboid major Rhomboid minor
31
How many muscles connect the scapula to the humerus?
6
32
What 6 muscles connect the scapula to the humerus?
``` Deltoid Teres minor Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Subscapularis Teres minor ```
33
What muscles make up the rotator cuff:?
Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Subscapularis Teres minor
34
How many muscles are there in the posterior compartment of the upper arm?
1
35
What muscle is located in the posterior compartment of the upper arm?
Triceps brachii (long, medial and lateral head)
36
How many muscles are located in the anterior compartment of the upper arm?
3
37
What are the 3 muscles of the anterior compartment of the upper arm?
Biceps brachii (long and short head) Brachialis Coracobrachialis
38
What are the borders of the cubital fossa?
Lateral - brachioradialis Medial - pronator teres Superior - line between medial and lateral epicondyle
39
What are the contents of the cubital fossa?
``` Tendon of biceps brachii Bicipital aponeurosis Brachial artery Median nerve Radial nerve ```
40
How many muscles are found in the anterior compartment of the forearm?
Superficial - 4 Middle - 1 Deep - 3
41
What are the 4 muscles in the superficial compartment of the anterior forearm?
Pronator teres Flexor carpi radialis Palmaris longus Flexor carpi ulnaris
42
What is the muscle found in the middle compartment of the anterior forarm?
Flexor digitorum superficialis
43
What are the 3 muscles found in the deep compartment of the anterior forearm?
Pronator quadratus Flexor digitorm profundus Flexor poliicis longus
44
What are the contents of the carpal tunnel?
Median nerve Tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis Tendons of flexor digitorum profundus Tendon of flexor pollicis longus
45
What are the borders of the popliteal fossa?
Superomedial - semimembranosus and semitendinosus Superolateral - biceps femoris Inferiorly - two heads of gastrocnemius
46
What are the contents of the popliteal fossa?
Popliteal artery Popliteal vein Tibial nerve Common peroneal nerve
47
What are the 4 groups of muscles that form the intrinsic muscles of the hand?
Thenar (3) Hypothenar (3) Lumbricals (4) Interossei (7)
48
What are the 3 thenar muscles?
Flexor pollicis brevis Abductor pollicis brevis Opponens pollicis
49
What are the 3 hypothenar muscles?
Flexor digiti minimi Abductor digiti minimi Opponens digiti minimi
50
Describe the lumbricals
Arise from the tendons of digitorum profundus | Travel along the lateral aspects of the fingers and inserts on the dorsal aspect
51
Describe the palmar interossei
``` Lie between the metacarpals PAD DAB (palmar adduct) ```
52
Describe the palmar interossei
``` Lie between the metacarpals PAD DAB (palmar adduct) ```
53
How many muscles are there in the posterior compartment of the arm?
Superficial - 6 | Deep - 5
54
What are the 6 muscles in the superficial compartment of the posterior forearm?
``` (Anconeus) Brachioradialis Extensor carpi radialis longus Extensor carpi radialis brevis Extensor digitorum Extensor digiti minimi Extensor carpi ulnaris ```
55
What are the 5 muscles in the deep compartment of the posterior forearm?
``` Supinator Abductor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis brevis Extensor pollicis longus Extensor indices ```
56
What does the axillary nerve innervate?
Deltoid | Teres minor
57
What does the radial nerve innervate?
Posterior upper arm and forearm
58
What does the musculotaneous nerve innervate?
Anterior upper arm
59
What does the median nerve innervate
Muscle in the anterior forearm EXCEPT flexor carpi ulnaris and medial 2 digits of flexor digitorum profundus Thenar eminence Lateral 2 lumbricals
60
What does the ulnar nerve innervate?
``` Flexor carpi ulnaris Medial 2 digits of flexor digitorum profundus Hypothenar eminence Medial 2 lumbricals Interossei ```
61
Name the carpal bones
``` Scaphoid Lunate Triquetrum Pisiform Trapezium Trapezoid Capitate Hamate ```
62
Where does flexor digitorum superficialis insert and what is its function?
Tendons split into two and insert on either side of middle phalanx Flexes MCP and PIP joints
63
Where does flexor digitorum profundus insert and what is its function?
Inserts on distal phalanx | Flexes DIP, PIP and MCP joint (only muscles that can flex DIP)
64
Where does flexor pollicis longus insert and what is its function?
Inserts on distal phalanx | Flexes IP joint (only muscle that can do so)
65
What are the contents of the axilla?
``` Axillary artery Axillary vein Brachial plexus Lymph nodes Fat Tendons of biceps brachii and coracobrachialis ```
66
What muscles of the hand does the median nerve innervate?
``` LLOAF 2 lateral lumbricals Opponens pollicis Abductor pollicis brevis Flexor pollicis brevis ```
67
What muscles of the hand does the ulnar nerve innvervate?
Median 2 lumbricals Interossei Adductor pollicis Hypothenar muscles
68
What is the action of the lumbricals?
Flex MCP | Extend IP
69
What passes through the adductor hiatus?
Femoral artery and vein Saphenous nerve Nerve to vastus medialis
70
What are the upper and lower bounds of the gluteal region?
Upper - iliac crest | Lower - gluteal fold

Anatomy (4 decks)

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