Pelvic anatomy

Question 1

What are the borders of the inguinal canal?

Answer 1

Anterior - external oblique aponeurosis (internal oblique laterally)
Posterior - transversalis fascia
Roof - transversalis fascia
Floor - inguinal ligament

Question 2

What is the inguinal ligament?

Answer 2

Rolled up lower border of external oblique aponeurosis

Question 3

What are the contents of the inguinal canal in women?

Answer 3

Round ligament
Ilioinguinal nerve
Genital branch of genitofemoral

Question 4

What are the contents of the inguinal canal in men?

Answer 4

3 nerves:
Ilioinguinal nerve
Genital branch of genitofemoral
Sympathetic nerve fibres
3 arteries:
Testicular artery
Cremasteric artery
Artery to vas deferens
3 fascial layers:
External spermatic fascia
Cremasteric muscle and fascia 
Internal spermatic fascia
4 other:
Pampiniorm venous plexus
Lymphatics
Vas deferens
Processus vaginalis

Question 5

What is the external spermatic fascia derived from?

Answer 5

External oblique aponeurosis

Question 6

What is the cremasteric muscle and fascia derived from?

Answer 6

Internal oblique muscle

Question 7

What is the internal spermatic fascia derived from?

Answer 7

Transversalis fascia

Question 8

What is the processus vaginalis derived from?

Answer 8

Peritoneum

Question 9

What is the tunica vaginalis?

Answer 9

Serous membrane covering the testes

Question 10

What is the tunica albuginea?

Answer 10

Tough connective tissue that surround the corpus cavernosum

Question 11

What 3 cylinders of tissue make up the penis?

Answer 11

Two corpus cavernosa along the top

One corpus spongiosum along the bottom

Question 12

What is the glans of the penis?

Answer 12

Expansion of the corpus spongiosum

Question 13

Where is the penile urethra located?

Answer 13

Within the corpus spongiosum

Question 14

What are the 3 cylinders of tissue of the penis enclosed in?

Answer 14

Deep fascia (Buck’s fascia)

Question 15

What is the arterial supply of the penis?

Answer 15

Internal pudendal (dorsal, deep, bulbourethral)

Question 16

What is the innervation of the penis?

Answer 16

Dorsal nerve (branch of pudendal)

Question 17

What is the mons pubis?

Answer 17

Mound of fatty tissue in front of the pubic symphysis

Question 18

What is the labia majora?

Answer 18

Prominent hair bearing folds that join at the mons pubis

Question 19

What is the labia minora?

Answer 19

Smaller hairless folds medial to the labia majora

Fuse to form the clitoris

Question 20

What is the clitoris?

Answer 20

Pea sized tissue comprised of erectile corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum

Question 21

What is the vestibule?

Answer 21

Area between labia minora

Question 22

What is the innervation of the urinary bladder and urethral sphincter?

Answer 22

Somatic = branches of pudendal (S2-S4)
Sympathetic = branches of hypogastric (T12-L2)
Parasympathetic = pelvic splanchnic (S2-S4)

Question 23

What 3 arteries are contained in the spermatic cord?

Answer 23

Testicular
Cremasteric
Artery to vas deferens

Question 24

What 3 nerves are contained in the spermatic cord?

Answer 24

Ilioinguinal
Genital branch of genitofemoral
Sympathetic nerve fibres

Question 25

What 3 fascial layers are contained within the spermatic cord?

Answer 25

External spermatic fascia (external oblique aponeurosis) Cremasteric muscle and fascia (Internal oblique muscle) Internal spermatic fascia (transversalis fascia)

Question 26

What are the 4 additional contents of the spermatic cord?

Answer 26

Pampiniform venous plexus Lymphatics Vas deferens Processus vaginalis

Question 27

Where is the inguinal ligament?

Answer 27

Pubic tubercle to ASIS

Question 28

Where is the mid-inguinal point?

Answer 28

Halfway between pubic symphysis and ASIS

Question 29

Where is the midpoint of the inguinal ligament?

Answer 29

Halfway between pubic tubercle and ASIS