Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

4 Med Neuro > Limbic system > Flashcards

Limbic system Flashcards

(83 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is the original path of Papez

A

Cingulate–> Hippocampus–> to fornix–> to mammillary bodies –> thalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What structures were added to Papez path

A

parts of hypothal, spetal area, orbitofrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens and most importantly: AMYGDALA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What justifies the concept of the limbic system

A

common physiological and neurochemical properties
Intricate anatomic connections
Common behavioral associations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Common Physiological and neurochemical properties of Limbic system

A

Herpes virus has affinity for these areas, seizure foci

neurochemical: lots of cholinergics and high density of optiate R’s key for memory/ perception of pain/ pleasure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What provides cholinergic input for the brain in the limbic system

A

Septal nuclei and nucleus basalis of meynert

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

This system is critical for positive reinforcement of brain mechanisms (drugs and pleasure)

A

Mesocorticolimbic Dopamine system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What connects the hippocampus and mammilary and septal nuclei

A

fornix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What connects the mammillary bodies to the ant. thalamus

A

mammilothalamic tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What connects the Entroinal cortex to the Dentate (hippocampus)

A

Perforant path

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What 4 structures make up the Outer Core corticl structures of the hippocampus

A

Cingulate gyrus, Orbital frontal lobe, subcallosal area, parts of temporal lobe(hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, uncus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The cingulate cortex is part of outer core
rostrally:
caudally:

A

rostrally in charge of emotions and motor

caudally in charge of visual spatial and memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Function of the ORbital frontal lobe of the outer cortical area

A

personality, behavioral control, self awareness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Fnx of teh temporal lobe in the outer cortex

A

memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What makes up the Inner core of the limbic system

A

Anterio thalamic nucleus, mammillary body, hypothalmic nuclei and septal nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Three sub corticla structures of limbic system

A

Hypothalamus
Amygdala
septum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Subcortical area in charge of pleasure, autonomic and endocrine integrations

A

Hypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Neurons project to pituitary and release ACTH and TSH→ involve din maternal behavior, BP, feeding, temp regulation, immune response

A

Hypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Amygdala fnxs in the subcortical zone

A

Preservation of self—behaviors, emotions, social behavior, aggression, defense reponse, sexual behavior, affective significance of visual stimuli, affects of faces, affective regulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Preservation of self—behaviors, emotions, social behavior, aggression, defense reponse, sexual behavior, affective significance of visual stimuli, affects of faces, affective regulation

A

Amygdala

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Preservation of species—behaviors like sex and emitonality

A

Septum in the subcortical zone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Septum responsibilities

A

Preservation of species—behaviors like sex and emitonality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Inntricate anatomic connections; most anatomic connections are

A

recipricol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

connects hippocampus w/ septum and mammilary bodies

a. main efferent pathway

A

Fornix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

connects amygdala with septum/hypothal/ bed nuc/ and nuc acc

A

Stria terminalis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Ventral amygdalofungal pathway connects amygdala with
connects amygdala with hypothalamus, brainstem and septum
26
Main AFFERENT to the hippocampal formation
Perforant path: connects entorhinal cortex with dentate gyrus
27
Medial Forebrain bundle:
connects hypothalamic nuclei and amygdala and brainstem nuclei
28
connects hypothalamic nuclei and amygdala and brainstem nuclei
Medial Forebrain bundle
29
Symptoms of Kluver Bucy in monkeys
a. Psychic blindness or visual agnosia: lost ability to detect the meaning of object based on visual criteria b. Oral tendincies—examine all objects by mouth c. Hypermetamorphosis—nocite and reacy to every visual stimulus: attend to every visual stimulus w/in field and then will compulsively handle the object d. Tameness—no motor or vocal reactions with fear or anger~ can’t tell if somethings threatening e. Hypersexuality—indiscriminate sexual advances
30
Bilateral large temporal lobe lesions~ including amygdala, hippocampus, uncus will cause what
Kluver Bucy
31
Human Kluver Bucy
increased oral activy hypersexuality Hypermetamorphosis Placidity: flattened affect, lack of aggressive behavior Visual agnosia: loss of recogniton of simple familiar objects or people bulimia
32
Etiology of Kluver Bucy
a. Post tramatic encephalopathy b. herpatic viral encephalitis or anoxia c. subarrachnoid hemorrhage d. picks diseaes or alzheimers e. bilateral temporal infarction f. focal status epilepticus
33
All Kluver Bucy autopsy show
extensive lesions involving bilateral temporal cortex and amygdala
34
sensory limbic hyperconnection—strengthening of synaptic connection
Gerschwind syndrome
35
Symptoms of Gerschwind
Increased concern with philosophical, cosmic, or religious issues Altered sexual behavior—hyposexual Hypergraphia—extensive writing that’s typically religious or philosophical in nature such as diaries, poems, essays, sermons Viscosity—tendency towards interpersonal stickiness, hard to break off conversation
36
Most pleasurable regions include:
lateral hypothalamus and medial forebrain bundle (connects hypothal and septum)
37
______ and _______ systems are impliated in location of effective self-stimulation
Catecholamines and DA
38
Mesolimbic dopamine systems appears to be most important for
motivational process.
39
Some addictive drugs produce their potent effects on behavior by enhancing mesolimbic DA activity - -Heroin works by - --Cocaine works by
Heroin works by increases neuronal firing rate of DA cells | ---Cocaine works by inhibits reuptake of DA
40
Key regions of brain of pleausre
lateral hypothal medial forebrain bundle Nucleus accumbens
41
Pain and punishment→ lesions to ventromedial nucleus of hypothalamus produces
pain, rage or srong aversive rxns and long lasting hyperemotionality
42
What produces RAGE
When we stimulate Dorsal Nucleus OR if Ventromedial nucleus is destructed → produces RAGE
43
Modulation and experience of emotional rxns~~ leads to tameness if you lose it.
Amygdala
44
In a study of amygdala, depth of electrode recordings show discharge in amygdala most frequently associated with affective phenomena in patients w/ ______
epilepsy | *amydala attributes affective significance to visual stimuli
45
Afferent and efferent conx of amygdala are strategically situated to geneate r
apid, specific autonomic and endocrine responses to complex social signs
46
Amygdala and social situations
Need amygdala for normal social interaction→w/out see decreased social interaction, affiliative behavior, Indiscriminate hypersexuality, devestating effect on maternal behavior
47
Provides emotional response to faces
amygdala
48
Function of Septal Regions
a. Hypersexuality seen in cats by amygdalar lesions abolished by septal lesions (positive control of sex behavior) b. Stimulation in animals results in 400% increase of sex drive of rats as measured by crossing electrical grid to a sex incentive
49
Stimulation in animals results in 400% increase of sex drive of rats as measured by crossing electrical grid to a sex incentive
Septal region
50
Septal lesions produce
enhancement of social contacts and incresed of sexual activit
51
emotional affects of sepatal tumor
rage like attacks and increased irritability
52
Hippocampus: Lesions of dorsal medial nulceus of thalamus, mammillary nuclei alone or in combination may lead to
amnestic states
53
Declaritive memory
aquisition of facts and events | need dorsal medial nucelus of thalamus and the mammilary nuclei
54
Person events in ones life, actively remembere, embedded in time and place
Episodic----Declaritive memory
55
Facts, known rather than actively remembered
Semantics---declartive memory
56
Hippocampal formation incldues
hippocampus, dentate gyrus, subiculum
57
Major effernt of hippocampal formation: | Major Afferent of hippocampal formation:
- Fornix | - Perfornith path
58
Hippocampal formation: | Neurons from EC project to the dentate and synapse with
granule cells, and hippocampal pryamidal cells
59
Neurons from EC project to dentate, synapse with granule cells, then with hippocampal pyramidal cells cells and extend toward
lateral ventricle whre they form the alveus ,then fimbria, then fornix
60
Crucial for formation of episodic memories in humans (record of personal events) and dedicated to spatial mapping in animals
Hippocampus
61
Amnesia following bilateral temporal~ removed the guys bitemporal temporal lobes and he couldn’t learn anything new and each day forgot... we also see hippocampal sclerosis and atrophy as a result of
--also see hippocampal sclerosis and atrophy as a result of temporal lobe epilepsy for a long time
62
supplies much of hippocampal region and get amnesia if stroke here
Stroke: Left MCA Stroke→ the Posterior cerebral artery (from basilar)
63
Wernicke Korsakoffs syndrome
Wernicke Korsakoffs Syndrome d/t to chrnoic alcoholism and nutritional deficienty (thiamine) Acute state is Wernickes encephalopathy; confusion, disorientation, oculomotor, dysnfnx, ataxia Chronic anterograde and temporally-graded retrograde amnesia Lesions in mammillary bdies and thalamus
64
Cingulate Gyrus Behavioral changes after lesions in anterior cingulate
in humans: apathy, disinhibition, placidity, depression, anxiety, OCD, heightened sexuality, bulimia
65
Anterior cingulate
emotion and motor fnx
66
Posterior cingulate
visuospatial and memory
67
Used to succefully tx OCD can help chronic pain pts narcotic withdrawl
cingulotomy
68
See associated sociopathy-- show blunted autonimic responses to emotional stimuli
have cingulotomy
69
mostl commly associated with bilateral anterior cingulate cortex lesions pts can talk, but have no desire to
akinetic mutism
70
Abnormalities in AC is postulated bc of its role in affective vocalizations
Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome
71
Lesions of AC can relieve OCD and is an associated feature of
GTS
72
What happens when we electircally stimulate the AC
complex coordinated movements
73
How can we reduces tourtettes synmptoms
disconnection of AC from thalamus
74
Integration of thought, motivation, and emotion with movement are critical aspects of cingulate fnx
---Anterior cingulate gyurs
75
Excessive amplification of emotional signals in the anterior cingulate gyrus result in
anxiety and OCD
76
Amplification of motor behavior in anterior cingulate results in
tics and impulsive behavior
77
Excessive filtering of emotios and motor behavior in the anterior cingulate result in
Apathy, akinesis, mutism
78
Orbital frontal lobe syndrome
Disinhibited, tactless, bawdy, boastful, grandiose, restless, impulsive, inattentive, perseverative, tendancy to dress carelessly and eat gluttonously
79
Disinhibited, tactless, bawdy, boastful, grandiose, restless, impulsive, inattentive, perseverative, tendancy to dress carelessly and eat gluttonously
orbitofrontal lobe syndrome
80
Apathetic, slow, demonstrates little initiative or spontaneity responding in an automaton like manner, vacancy of expression
Frontal/convexity or dorsolateral syndrome
81
akinetic mutism, inert, speechless, with intact sleep wake cycle, “motionless, mindless, wakefulness” loss of drive to move or speak
Medial frontal syndrome
82
Medial frontal sydrome
akinetic mutism, inert, speechless, with intact sleep wake cycle, “motionless, mindless, wakefulness” loss of drive to move or speak
83
Frontal/convexity or dorsolateral syndrome
Apathetic, slow, demonstrates little initiative or spontaneity responding in an automaton like manner, vacancy of expression

4 Med Neuro (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions