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LIPIDS Flashcards

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1
Q

Fixed Oils, Fats, Waxes and Fatty Acids

A

LIPIDS

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2
Q

Are esters of long-chain fatty acids and alcohols or of closely related derivatives.

A

LIPIDS

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3
Q

Are soluble in non-polar organic solvents and generally insoluble in water.

A

LIPDS

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4
Q

Uses of Lipids in Medical/Pharmaceutical

A

EMOLLIENT
VEHICLES FOR MEDICATIONS
THERAPEUTIC PROPERTY
ENTERAL AND PARENTERAL NUTRITION

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5
Q

Lipids Uses in Industries

A

SOAPS
PAINTS

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6
Q

2 type of Alcohol:

A

FIXED OILS AND FATS
WAXES

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7
Q

Glycerol combine with Fatty Acids

A

FIXED OILS AND FATS

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8
Q

High mol. wt. alcohol (Cetyl alcohol) combined with Fatty acids

A

WAXES

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9
Q

Primary function is for food (energy) storage

A

FIXED OILS AND FATS

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10
Q

Fixed oils and fats are obtained from either:

A

PLANTS: PEANUT OIL, OLIVE OIL
ANIMALS: LARD

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11
Q

Important products used pharmaceutically, industrially and as
food.

A

FIXED OILS AND FATS

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12
Q

May occur in various parts of the plants, but as a general rule in seeds.

A

VEGETABLE OILS AND FATS

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13
Q

may contain larger quantities and the usual sources of fixed oils

A

SEEDS

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14
Q

Examples of seeds:

A

CASTOR SEED
COTTON SEED
SESAME SEED
HEMP SEED
LINSEED
ALMOND SEED
COCONUT

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15
Q

Fixed Oils are sometimes classified as:

A

DRYING OILS
SEMI-DRYING OILS
NON-DRYING OILS

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16
Q

May also be of plant and animal origin

A

WAXES

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17
Q

Are liquid at normal temperature

A

FIXED OILS AND FATS

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18
Q

Are semi-solid to solid at ordinary temperature

A

WAXES

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19
Q

Solid vegetable oil

A

COCOA BUTTER

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20
Q

MOST ANIMAL FATS ARE SOLID

A

TRUE

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21
Q

(MOST VEGETABLE OILS ARE LIQUID AT ORDINARY TEMPERATURE)

A
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22
Q

Most Vegetable Oils are liquid at ordinary temperature except:

A

COCOA BUTTER - SOLID VEGETABLE OIL

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23
Q

Most Animal Fats are solid except

A

COD LIVER OIL - LIQUID ANIMAL FAT

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24
Q

Fixed Oils and Fats of Vegetative Origin are obtained by ______.

Study These Flashcards
A

EXPERSSION IN HYDRAULIC PRESSES

25
Fixed Oils and Fats of Vegetative Origin are obtained by Expression in Hydraulic Presses:
COLD - VIRGIN/ COLD PRESSED OIL HOT - HOT PRESSED OIL SOMETIMES ORGANIC SOLVENTS ARE USED FOR THE EXTRACTION OF OILS
26
are separated from other tissues by rendering with steam or without steam.
ANIMAL FATS
27
Classification of Fixed Oils:
SATURATED MONOSATURATED POLYSATURATED
28
Saturated Fixed Oils:
COCONUT OIL PALM OIL PALM KERNEL OIL
29
Monosaturated Fixed Oils:
CASTOR OIL OLIVE OLIVE PEANUT OIL RAPESEED OIL
30
Cacao Butter/Cocoa Butter
THEOBROMA OIL
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Hydrous Woolfat
LANOLIN
32
Woolfat
ANHYDROUS LANOLIN
33
Are esters resulting from the condensation of high molecular weight, straight-chain acids and alcohols.
WAXES
34
FATS AND RELATED COMPOUNDS
THEOBROMA OIL- CACAO BUTTER/COCOA BUTTER LANOLIN- HYDROUS WOOLFAT ANHYDROUS WOOLFAT - WOOLFAT HYDROGENATED VEGETABLE OILS LARD
35
Polysaturated Fixed Oils:
ALMOND OIL CORN OIL COTTONSEED OIL COD LOVER OIL LINSEED OIL PERSIC OIL SOYBEAN OIL SESAME OIL SAFFLOWER OIL SUNFLOWER OIL
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CH3(CH2)14CO2-(CH2)15CH3
BEESWAX
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CH3(CH2)24CO2-(CH2)29CH3
CARNAUBA WAX
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CH3(CH2)30CO2-(CH2)33CH3
SPERMACETI
39
General Uses of Waxes:
HARDENS OINTMENTS AND CREAMS PREPARATION OF CERATES PROTECTIVE COATING IN INDUSTRY AND ART
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WAXES PLANTS:
CARNAUBA WAX BAYBERRY WAX
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WAXES INSECTS:
BEESWAX LACWAX
42
WAXES: OTHER ANIMAL:
SPERMACETI
43
No C-C double bonds
SATURATED FATTY ACIDS
44
The presence of double bonds in fatty acids significantly lowers the melting point relative to a saturated fatty acid.
SATURATED FATTY ACIDS
45
______ acids of less than eight carbon atoms are liquid at physiological temperature, whereas those containing more than ten are solid.
SATURATED FATTY ACIDS
46
No C-C double bonds
SATURATED FATTY ACIDS
47
Example of Saturated Fatty Acid:
LAURIC ACID MYRISTIC ACID PALMITIC ACID STEARIC ACID ARACHIDIC ACID
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With double bonds
UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS
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With double bonds
UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS
50
Oxygen saturates the double bonds to form oxides that may polymerize to form hard films (important in film industry)
UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS
51
Double bonds also take up hydrogen in the proper conditions producing semi-solid fats that are used extensively as cooking fats and shortening
UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS
52
Fixed Oils are classified based on their ability to absorb oxygen from the air: Drying oils, Semi- drying oils, and Non-drying Oils
UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS
53
the number of mg of KOH required to saponify the esters contained in 1 g of the substance.
ESTER VALUE
54
the number of mg of KOH required to neutralized the free acids and saponify the esters contained in 1 g of the substance is equal to the sum of Acid Value and Ester Value.
SAPONIFICATION VALUE
55
the number of mg of KOH required to neutralize the free acids contained in 1 g of the substance
ACID VALUE/ ACID NUMBER
56
the number of grams of Iodine absorbed, under prescribed conditions, by 100 g of the substance.
IODINE NUMBER
57
USP TESTS FOR FATTY ACIDS
ESTER VALUE SAPONIFICATION VALUE ACID VALUE / ACID NUMBER IODINE NUMBER USP TESTS
58
Examples of Fixed Oils:
DRYING OILS NON-DRYING OILS

PPC MIDTERM (4 decks)

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