VOLATILE OILS Flashcards by Jeehada Palinta

Are the odoriferous principles found in various plant parts.

VOLATILE OILS

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It represents the essences or the
odoriferous constituents of the plants.

VOLATILE OILS

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Known as Ethereal/Essential Oils

VOLATILE OILS

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Volatile Oils is knows as?

ETHEREAL / ESSENTIAL OILS

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METHODS in obtaining Volatile Oils

WATER DISTILLATION
WATER AND STEAM DISTILLATION
DIRECT STEAM DISTILLATION
ECUELLE METHOD
ENFLEURAGE METHOD
EXTRACTION
DESTRUCTIVE DISTIALLATION

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▪ Dried plant materials
▪ Turpentine oil

WATER DISTILLATION

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▪ Either dried or fresh plant materials
▪ Cinnamon oil, Clove oil

WATER AND STEAM DISTILLATION

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▪ Fresh plant materials
▪ Peppermint oil, Spearmint Oil

DIRECT STEAM DISTILLATION

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Through line

ECUELLE METHOD

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Perfumery industry

EXTRACTION

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Glass Plate

ENFLEURAGE METHOD

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▪ Removing of citrus oils

ECUELLE METHOD

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▪ Flower petals
▪ bland fat/fixed oils and alcohol

ENFLEURAGE METHOD

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▪ Uniform temperature
▪ Expensive

EXTRACTION

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▪ Empyreumatic Oils

▪ When the wood resin is heated without access of air, decomposition takes place and a number of volatile compounds are driven off, the resultant mass is Charcoal.

DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION (DRY DISTILLATION)

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Composition of Volatile Oils:

• TERPENES OR SESQUITERPENES
• ESTERS AND ALCOHOL
• ALCOHOLS
• ALDEHYDES
• LKETONES
• PHENOLS
• ETHERS

TERPENES or SESQUITERPENES Sources:

TEA TREE
TURPENTINE
JUNIPER

TERPENES or SESQUITERPENES Constituents:

PINENE
CAMPHENE
CADINENE
GUAIACOL
CRESOL

Esters and Alcohols Sources:

LAVENDER
PEPPERMINT
ROSEMARY
BERGAMOT
PUMILIO PINE

ESTERS and ALCOHOLS Constituents:

BORNYL ACETATE
LINALYL ACETATE
MENTHYL ACETATE
BORNEOL
LINALOL
MENTHOL

Alcohols Sources:

• CARDAMOM
• CORIANDER
• ROSE GERANIUM
• OTTO OF ROSE
• SANDALWOOD
• ORANGE FLOWER

Alcohol Constituents:

• LINALOL
• GERANIOL
• CITRONELLOL
• SANTALOL

Aldehydes Sources:

• CINNAMON
• CASSIA
• CITRONELLA OR LEMON GRASS
• LEMON
• ORANGE

Aldehydes Constituents:

• CINNAMALDEHYDE
• CINNAMIC ALDEHYDE
• CITRONELLAL
• CITRAL

Ketones Sources:

• SPEARMINT • CARAWAY • CEDAR LEAF • DILL • SAGE • WORMWOOD

Ketones Constituents:

• CARVONE • THUJONE

Phenols Sources:

•CLOVE • CINNAMON • THYME • HORSEMINT • AJOWAN

Phenols Constituents:

• EUGENOL • THYMOL

Ethers Sources:

• ANISE / STAR ANISE • CAMPHOR • CAJUPUT • EUCALYPTUS • FENNEL • NUTMEG • PARSLEY • INDIAN DILL

Ether’s Constituents:

ANETHOLE CINEOLE

Non-Terpenoids Sources:

• MUSTARD • WINTERGREEN • BITTER ALMOND

Non-Terpenoids Constituents:

• GLUCOSINOLATES • METHYL SALICYLATE • BENZALDEHYDE • HYDROCYANIDE

Other Drugs Containing Volatile Oils:

• ALLSPICE • ANGELICA • BLACK PEPPER • CAMOMILE • CELERY • CHENOPODIUM • FIVE-LEAVEF CHASTE TREE • GARLIC • HYPTIS • LOVE GRASS • MAYANA • MUGWORT • NGAI-CAMPHOR PLANT • OREGANO • PATCHOULI • PINE ROSIN • PREMNA • SAMPAGUITA • SWEET BAY • VETIVER

based primarily on the use of volatile oils, either singly or in admixture.

AROMATHERAPY

Aromatherapy is administered as:

BATHS COMPRESSES MASSAGE INHALATIONS

Drops of oil are added to the water and vigorously mixed.

BATHS

Volatile oils are mixed with suitable carrier– Fixed oils

COMPRESSES AND MASSAGE

are available in addition to the traditional steam inhalation or use of the handkerchief or tissue.

INHALATION VAPORIZERS AND BURNERS