Lipids

Question 1

Elemental composition of lipids

Answer 1

carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

Question 2

Saturated fatty acids

Answer 2

-Each carbon atom is fully saturated with its full quota of hydrogen bonds
-No double bonds occur between the carbon atoms
Solid at room temperature
-High melting point
-Generally found in animal sources
E.g. Butyric acid in butter

Question 3

Monosaturated fatty acids

Answer 3

-Each carbon atom is not fully saturated with a full quota of hydrogen bonds
-There is one double bond between the carbon atoms
-Soft or liquid at room temperature
-Low melting point
-Generally found in plant and marine sources
-Oleic acid in olive oil

Question 4

Polyunsaturated fatty acids

Answer 4

-Each carbon atom is not fully saturated with a full quota of hydrogen bonds
-There is more than one double bond between each carbon atoms
-Soft or liquid at room temperature
-Lowest melting point of all fatty acids
-Generally found in plant and marine sources
-Linolenic acid in seeds

Question 5

Fatty acids

Answer 5

Fatty acids are the building blocks of fats in our bodies and in what we eat. The three types are saturated, monosaturated and polyunsaturated
Significance in the body:
-Provide energy
-Brain and nerve function
-Support heart health