Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Chemistry > Liquids, Solids & Phase Changes > Flashcards

Liquids, Solids & Phase Changes Flashcards

(67 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Brownian Movement

A

Type of motion

Zigzagging movement of colloidal particles in dispersing medium, as viewed through ultramicroscope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Change of phase (L to G)

A

If a molecule gains enough KE when near surface, it may overcome attractive forces & escape into gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Viscosity

A

The friction or resistance to motion that exists between the molecules of a liquid when they move past each other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Surface Tension

A

Property resulting from an imbalance of forces at surface of liquid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Capillary Action

A

The attraction of surface of a liquid to surface of a solid

Property related to surface tension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Phase Equilibrium

A

The point in a reversible reaction at which the forward reaction is occurring at same rate as opposing reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Dynamic Equilibrium

A

In a closed system, when opposing changes are taking place at equal rates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

La Chatelier’s Principle

A

When a system at equilibrium is disturbed by the application of a stress (change in temp., pressure, or conc.), it reacts so as to minimise the stress & attain a new equilibrium position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Equilibrium Vapor Pressure

A

Molecules in vapor that are in equilibrium with liquid at given temperature exert a constant pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Boiling Point

A

The temperature at which the liquid’s vapor pressure equals the atmospheric pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Critical Temperature

A

The temperature above which the liquid phase of a substance cannot exist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Critical Pressure

A

The minimum pressure required to liquefy a gas at its critical temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Crystalline Solids

A

Have a regular structure, in which particles pack in a repeating pattern from one edge of solid to the other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Amorphous Solids

A

Have a random structure, with little if any long-range order

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Polycrystalline Solids

A

An aggregate of a large number of small crystals/grains in which structure is regular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Sublimation

A

When heated at certain pressures, some solids vaporize directly without passing through liquid phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Melting Point

A

The temperature at which atomic/molecular vibrations of a solid become so great that particles break free from fixed position & begin to slide freely over each other in a liquid state

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Heat of Fusion

A

Amount of energy required at the melting point temperature to cause the change of phase to occur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Calorimeter

A

An instrument used to measure the amount of heat liberated/absorbed during a change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Molar Heat of Fusion

A

Amount of heat energy required to melt 1 mole of solid at its melting point

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Molar Heat of Vaporization

A

Amount of heat energy required to vaporize 1 mole of liquid at its boiling point

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Anhydrides

A

Certain oxides that react with water to form 2 classes of compounds - acids & bases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Basic Anhydrides

A

A metallic oxide that forms a base when placed in water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Acidic Anhydrides

A

A nonmetallic oxide that, when placed in water, reacts to form an acid solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Saturated Solution
A solution that contains the maximum amount of solute under existing temperature & pressure
26
Saturated
When substances are dissolved in water to extent that no more will dissolve at that temperature
27
Solute
Substances dissolved
28
Solvent
Dissolving medium
29
Unsaturated
A solution that contains less solute than a saturated solution, & container will show no undissolved solute
30
Pulverizing
Increases surface exposed to solvent | Increase rate of solution making
31
Stirring
Bring more solvent that is unsaturated into contact with solute (Increases rate of solution making)
32
Heating
Increases molecular action & gives rise to mixing by convection currents (Increase rate of solution making)
33
Exothermic (Water solution)
Process of going into solution if energy is released in process
34
Endothermic (Water solution)
Process of going into solution if energy from water is used to a greater extent than energy is released in freeing the particle
35
Miscible
If 2 liquids are mixed & dissolve in each other
36
Immiscible
If 2 liquids separate & do not mix
37
Alloy
A solid solution made by mixing of 2/more metals, often by melting
38
Liquid
Form of matter that has a definite volume & takes the shape of its container
39
Solids
Particles are fixed in rather definite positions & maintain definite shapes Most ordered system
40
Phase Diagram
Ties together the effects of temperature & also pressure on the phase changes of a substance
41
Triple Point
Only temperature & pressure at which 3 phases of substance can exist in equilibrium with one another in a system containing only the pure substance
42
Distillation
Purification of water Involves the evaporation & condensation of the water molecules Remove any substance that has a higher boiling point than water
43
Synthesis
The formation of a compound by uniting its components
44
Dumas Experiment
Showed that hydrogen & oxygen combine to form water in a ratio of 1:8 by mass
45
Heavy Water
Contains deuterium (isotope of hydrogen) rather than ordinary hydrogen
46
Hydrogen Peroxide
Contains more than usual oxide (per) | H2O2
47
Heat of Vaporization
Quantity of heat needed to vaporize 1 gram of liquid at constant temperature & pressure
48
Heat of Fusion
The amount of heat required to melt 1 gram of a solid
49
Substance Solubility
Need to account amount of solute, solvent & temperature of the solution
50
Equilibrium State
When 2 opposing processes (like dissolving & crystallization) equal each other in rate
51
Saturated Solution
At equilibrium state, solution is holding the maximum amount of solute that it can contain
52
Unsaturated Solution
A solution that contains less solute than saturated solution, container will show no undissolved solute
53
Hydrated Ion
Ex; water solutions | Whole group of ions (water molecules that surround ion differ in number for various ions)
54
Dilute
Small amount of solute is dispersed in the solvent
55
Concentrated
Large amount of solute is dissolved in the solvent
56
Saturated
Solution is holding all the solute possible at that temperature
57
Unsaturated
More solute can go into solution at that temperature | Solvent has further capacity to hold more solute
58
Supersaturated
A solution that contains a greater quantity of solute than is normally possible at a given temperature
59
Molarity
Number of moles of a substance dissolved in 1 liter of solution
60
Molality
Number of moles of the solute dissolved in 1kg of solvent
61
Mole Fraction
Concentration of a component in a solution
62
Colligative Properties
Properties that depend primarily on the concentration of particles & not the type of particle
63
Crystal
Having a definite molecular or ionic structure
64
Unit Cell
Smallest portion of crystal lattice that is repeated throughout the crystal
65
Hydrate
A substance that holds a definite proportion of water in its crystal structure
66
Efflorescence
The loss by a substance of its water of hydration on exposure to air at ordinary temperature
67
Deliquesence/Hydroscopic
The absorption by a substance of water from the air, so that the substance becomes wet

Chemistry (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions