Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Gastroenterology > Liver > Flashcards

Liver Flashcards

(110 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Hepatitis B diagnosis

A

HBsAG > 6 months
elevated ALT and HBV DNA > 2000 IU

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Hepatitis B treatment

A

tenofovir or entecavir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Hepatitis C diagnosis

A

anti-HCV positive and detectable HCV RNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Hepatitis C treatment

A

direct-acting antivirals (sofosbuvir/velpatasvir) for 8-12 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Wilson’s disease diagnosis

A

low ceruloplasmin (<20)
high urine copper

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Urine copper in Wilson’s

A

> 100 ug/24 hr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Treatment for Wilson’s w/ chelation therapy

A

penicillamine 250 mg BID
maintenance w/ zinc 50 mg TID

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Hemochromatosis diagnosis

A

genetic testing for HFE mutation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Transferrin and ferritin (men & women) for hemochromatosis

A

transferrin saturation > 45%
ferritin > 300 in men
ferritin > 200 in women

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Hemochromatosis treatment w/ phlebotomy

A

remove 500 mL weekly until ferritin < 50

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Vitamins, supplements, substances to avoid with hemochromatosis (3)

A

alcohol
iron
vitamin C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Autoimmune hepatitis diagnosis

A

positive ANA, SMA, or anti-LKM1- confirmed w/ liver biopsy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Additional labs elevated w/ autoimmune hepatitis

A

IgG
AST/ALT > 2x ULN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Autoimmune hepatitis treatment

A

prednisone 40 mg/day
+/- azathioprine 50-100 mg/day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

AST/ALT ratio for NAFLD

A

< 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Acute liver failure diagnosis (3)

A

evidence of hepatic encephalopathy
INR > 1.5
acute LFT elevation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Urine sodium in HRS

A

low, < 10 mEq/L

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Transferin saturation in hereditary hemochromatosis

A

high, > 45%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Leading cause of liver transplant in the United States

A

chronic hepatitis C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Hepatitis types that can increase the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (2)

A

hepatitis B
hepatitis C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Medication classes for hepatitis B treatment (2)

A

nucleoside/nucleotide analogs
interferon therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Medication class for hepatitis C treatment

A

direct-acting antivirals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Milan criteria

A

1) tumor size - single </= 5cm, up to three </= 3cm
2) no extrahepatic spread
3) no vascular invasion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Tenofovir dose (chronic hepatitis B)

A

300 mg daily

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Entecavir dose (chronic hepatitis B)
0.5 mg qday (treatment naive), 1 mg qday (lamivudine-resistant)
26
Sofosbuvir dose (chronic hepatitis C)
400 mg qday
27
Lactulose dose (hepatic encephalopathy)
15-30 g 3-4 times/day
28
HAV transmission (3)
fecal-oral contaminated food/water person-to-person
29
HBV transmission (3)
blood sexual contact mother-to-child
30
HCV transmission (3)
blood shared needles contaminated blood products
31
HDV transmission (3)
blood sexual contact mother-to-child
32
HEV transmission (2)
fecal-oral contaminated water
33
Hepatitis D diagnosis (2)
anti-HDV antibodies HBV DNA
34
Hepatitis E diagnosis (2)
anti-HEV IgM PCR for HEV DNA
35
Type of hepatitis that requires HBV coinfection
hepatitis D
36
Weight loss target w/ hepatic steatosis
5-10% of body weight
37
HCV diagnosis (2, 1 is confirmatory)
anti-HCV antibodies and HCV RNA PCR to confirm
38
Medication (and dose) indicated for NASH
pioglitazone 15-45 mg daily
39
Drug class to treat hepatitis C
direct-acting antivirals
40
MELD score where albumin is indicated in SBP
> 18
41
SAAG >/= 1.1
portal HTN
42
SAAG < 1.1
malignancy
43
Ceruloplasmin for Wilson's diagnosis
< 20
44
Urine copper for Wilson's diagnosis
> 100
45
Wilson's chelation therapy
penicillamine 250 mg QID
46
Wilson's maintenance therapy
zinc acetate 50 mg TID
47
Wilson's inheritance pattern
autosomal recessive
48
Hereditary hemochromatosis inheritance pattern
autosomal recessive
49
Who to screen if hereditary hemochromatosis diagnosis
first-degree relatives
50
Who to screen if Wilson's disease diagnosis
siblings
51
Antibody associated w/ autoimmune hepatitis
anti-smooth muscle
52
Anti-smooth muscle association
autoimmune hepatitis
53
Hepatitis D treatment
interferon alfa
54
Hepatitis C treatment
sofosbuvir 400 mg daily + ledipasvir 90 mg daily
55
Liver function (6)
metabolism detox protein synthesis bile production nutrient storage (ADEK, glycogen) immune function (Kupffer cells)
56
Nutrient storage in the liver (2)
fat-soluble vitamins (ADEK) glycogen
57
Cells responsible for the immune function of the liver
Kupffer cells
58
Path following hepatic artery and portal vein convergence
> central vein > hepatic vein > IVC
59
Leading cause of liver transplant in the US
hep C
60
Risk factors for HCC (4)
CHRONIC hep B/C cirrhosis NAFLD/NASH aflotoxins
61
Hep B treatment (3)
tenofovir 300mg day entecavir 0.5mg (treatment naive), 1mg qday interferon 180mcg SQ qwk
62
Tenofovir and entecavir drug class
nucleoside/nucleotide analogs
63
Hep C treatment (1)
sofosbuvir 400 mg/day
64
Sofosbuvir drug class
direct-acting antiviral
65
Genotypes of hep C where sofosbuvir is indicated
1-4
66
Treatment addition to sofosbuvir w/ hep C genotype I
ledipasvir 90mg
67
Hep C cure rate
95%
68
Hep A and E treatment
supportive
69
NASH treatment (3)
pioglitazone vitamin E obeticholic acid 25mg/day
70
Hep A transmission (3)
fecal-oral food/H2O person-person
71
Serology positive in acute hep A
anti-HAV IgM
72
Serology positive in prior hep A
anti-HAV IgG
73
Hep A treatment (2)
supportive immunoglobulin for post-exposure ppx
74
Hep B transmission (3)
blood sexual contact perinatal
75
Serology positive in active hep B
HBsAg
76
Serology positive in acute hep B
anti-HBc IgM
77
Serology positive in recovery phase of hep B
anti-HBs
78
Serology to get if suspect hep B (4)
HBsAg anti-HBc IgM anti-HBs HBV DNA
79
Treatment of hep B (2)
300mg tenofovir 0.5mg entecavir
80
Hep C transmission (3)
blood needles blood products
81
Serology for hep C (3)
anti-HCV antibodies HCV RNA HCV genotyping
82
Hep C treatment (2)
40mg sofosbuvir 90mg ledipasvir
83
Hepatitis that requires hep B co-infection
D
84
Hep D transmission (3)
blood sexual contact perinatal
85
Hep D serology (2)
anti-HDV antibodies HBV DNA
86
Hep D treatment
interferon alpha 5 million IU 3x weekly
87
Hep E transmission (2)
fecal-oral H2O
88
Hep E serology (2)
anti-HEV IgM PCR for HEV RNA
89
Hep E treatment
supportive
90
Hep E treatment if severe
1000-1200mg ribavirin qday
91
Testing prior to therapy w/ ribavirin
pregnancy test
92
Cirrhosis supplementation (3)
protein 1.2-1.5 g/kg zinc 50 mg/day vitamin D 800 IU
93
Protein supplementation in cirrhosis
1.2-1.5 g/kg
94
Zinc supplementation in cirrhosis
50 mg/day
95
Vitamin D supplementation in cirrhosis
800 IU
96
5-year survival rate for Child-Pugh A cirrhosis
> 80%
97
Weight loss % for reversibility of hepatic steatosis
5-10%
98
Percentage of patients w/ hep C w/ sustained viral response
> 90%
99
HBV DNA for hep B diagnosis
> 2000
100
Ferritin concerning for hemochromatosis in men and women
> 300 men > 200 women
101
Ferritin level indicating need for MRI or liver biopsy for iron quantification
> 1000
102
Hemochromatosis treatment
phlebotomy - remove 500mL/wk until ferritin < 50
103
Things to avoid w/ hemochromatosis (2)
alcohol, vitamin C, iron
104
Reason vitamin C needs to be avoided in hemochromatosis
increased iron absorption
105
Autoimmune hepatitis diagnosis (3)
ANA SMA or anti-LKM1
106
Acute liver failure definition (3 parts)
1. evidence of hepatic encephalopathy 2. INR > 1.5 3. acute LFT elevation
107
LDH, haptoglobin, indirect bili in hemolytic anemia (increased/decreased)
LDH - INCREASE haptoglobin - decrease indirect bili - INCREASE
108
SAAG >/= 1.1
portal HTN
109
SAAG < 1.1 (2)
malignancy infection
110
Vitamin E dose for MASLD
800 IU/day

Gastroenterology (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions