Loire Flashcards
(139 cards)
1
Q
What is important about the Loire River
A
all vineyards are along there and it helps warm the vineyards. In the early times, Loire was a major vital route for transporting wines up river since hte current be so intense traffic went in one direction, and 1/3 of the year the water was too low for travel. Boats caring wine was knonw as Gabarres, Sapines or auvergnates”. Loire means Liger which is Silt and Sediment due it’s sandbars.
2
Q
What is Pay Nantais?
A
Lower Loire Valley.
3
Q
What is Pay Nantais Climate?
A
Maritime
4
Q
What is Anjou-Saumur, Touraine?
A
The middle Loire. To the west is Anjou-Saumur and to the east is Touraine
5
Q
What is Anjou-Saumur, Touraine climate?
A
Maritime with continental influence
6
Q
What is Centre Loire
A
To the east of Anjou-Saumur, Touraine
7
Q
What is Upper Loire
A
Is the furthest east portion
8
Q
What is the Centre and Upper Loire Climate
A
continental
9
Q
The Loire is France’s longest river – approximately how long is it?
A
620 mi/1,000 km
10
Q
Who was Elaenor of Aquitaine
A
Married Duke of Normandy who later became King, and owned a lot of France land. Help run the kingdom and due to her land, indirectly/directly England Monarch ruled the western part of france.
11
Q
Why is Joan of Arc important to Loire
A
She met Dauphin (soon to be future King Charles the VII), and told him to take up arms with England.
12
Q
What is Loire known for?
A
Chateaus like Amboise, Chambord & Blois. the noble and rich would create huge Chateaus for their hunting vacation in Loire’s deep forest
13
Q
What happened in 1577?
A
In 1577, the Parliment of Paris said you can only buy wine 20 leagues outside of Paris, so they started planting around Orlean towards Blois.
14
Q
What is Burnt Wine
A
Brandy derives its name from the Dutch word brandewijn (meaning “burnt wine”) and is a spirit distilled from wine or other fermented fruit juices. There are three main types of brandy: Grape Brandy is produced by the distillation of fermented grapes and aged in wooden casks.
15
Q
How did the Dutch influence Loire?
A
They wanted more white grapes planted with high acid, like Folle Blanche for their Burnt Wine.
16
Q
What happened in the French Revolution?
A
It was fought in the Western Loire, and Nantes and Angers suffered. They captured Saumur.
17
Q
In which Loire Valley Château did Joan of Arc meet the Dauphin of France?
A
Chinon
18
Q
What product did Dutch traders produce from grapes grown in the Loire Valley?
A
Brandewijn
19
Q
Where do you find Melon De Bourgogne?
A
Pays Nantais, and it is used for 4 Muscadet AOC
20
Q
Where do you find Chenin Blanc and Cab Franc?
A
Anjou-Saumur
21
Q
What are Touraine main grapes?
A
Focus on Chenin Blanc and Sauvignon Blanc for Whites, Cabernet Franc, Cot and Gamay for Reds.
22
Q
Where do you find Sauvignon Blanc?
A
Centre Loire, and most famous AOC is Pouilly Fume and Sancerre.
23
Q
What is Val de Loire IGP
A
6 IGPS, and it is France’s largest IGP by area and covers the entire Loire. The only appellation that does that. 90% of wines are varietally labeled and 60% is white.
24
Q
What are Loire Training Methods?
A
Guyot and Cordon
25
Loire calls Pinot Gris?
Malvoisie
26
If the AOC doesnt have explicit statement on sugar levels, what does it have to follow?
EU Still wine residual sugar regulation. Which is:
1. Sec: Sec means Dry in French. Wines labeled Sec – or Dry – contain less than 0.4% / 4 grams per liter (g/l) of residual sugar/R.S.
2. Demi-Sec: Demi-Sec – literally Half-Dry in French – means Medium Dry. Wines labeled Demi-Sec – or Medium Dry – contain between 0.4-1.2% / 4-12 g/l of residual sugar/RS.
3. Moelleux: Moelleux– literally Soft in French – means Medium Sweet. Wines labeled Moelleux – or Medium Sweet – contain between 1.2-4.5% / 12-45 g/l of residual sugar/R.S.
Doux: Doux means Sweet. Wines labeled Doux– or Sweet – contain more than 4.5% / 45 g/l of residual sugar/R.S.
27
What winemaking method is the same in Rose d'Anjou and Cabernet d'Anjou?
Fermentation is stopped by chilling to retain some sweetness.
28
Which of these are typical wine making techniques for white wine in the Loire?
Fermentation in temperature controlled vats & Lees Aging
29
30
Vineyards of Pays Nantais
Flat, which allows heavy atlantic influence to come through, low slopes and vineyards face south
31
Soils of Pays Nantais and Anjou-S
Massif Armoricain, soils: volcanic, igneous and metamorphic: mica schist transitioning to tuffeau. Free draining which is great since they have all the rivers, rain and ocean
32
Whats the largest AOC in Pays Nantias?
Muscadet AOC, covers the whole areas. 100% Melon de Bourgogne, and can have up to 10% Chardonnay as of 2021. Vineyards are flat, produces 20% of the Muscadet. From 2020 the AOC cannot label wines as sur lie.
33
Muscadet Coteaux De La Loire AOC
The smallest AOC within the Muscadet AOC and furthest from the ocean. the grapes are planted on hill sides on both the north and south of the Loire river. Must be 100% Melon de Bourgogne.
34
Muscadet Cotes De Grandlieu AOC
within the Muscadet AOC. Flat vineyards, south of Nantes and around Lac Du Grand Lieu. The atlantic brings a touch of salinity to the wines.
35
Muscadet Sevre Et Maine AOC
within the Muscadet AOC. Most famous AOC, produces 75% of the muscadet. It is SE of the Nantes. 100% Melon de Bourgogne. Name comes from two rivers Sevre and Maine (tributaries).
36
What is Coteaux d'Ancenis AOC known for?
Pinot Gris, locally known as Malvoisie that is semi sweet wine.
37
Where can you find Grolleau Gris grapes within the Pays Nantias?
Fiefs Vendeens AOC
38
Where can you find Gamay in the Pays Nantias?
Coteaux d'Ancenis AOC and Pays Nantais
39
When a bottle is labeled sur lie in Pays Nanatais?
Sur Lie must be bottled between March 1 and December 31st of the year after harvest. Those with longer less aging such as Muscadet Sevre et Maine DGC, cannot put sur lie on their label.
40
Gros Plant du Pays Nantais AOC
This AOC dry white wines from the high acid Folle Blanche grape – locally known as Gros Plant.
Gros Plant du Pays Nantais may add sur lie to the label if the wine has undergone lees aging – see above.
41
What is Coteaux d'Ancenis AOC?
This little seen AOC makes red, white and rosé wines from an area that mostly overlaps Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire.
Whites are made in a semi-sweet – moelleux – style from Pinot Gris and are labeled Coteaux d’Ancenis Malvoisie. Malvoisie is the, confusing, local name for Pinot Gris.
Reds are mainly made from Gamay – although Cabernet Franc is also used.
42
Fiefs Vendeens AOC
This little seen AOC is to the south of Muscadet and makes red, dry white and rosé wines.
Fiefs Vendéens wines are always labeled with one of the AOC’s
five dénominations géographiques complémentaires/DGC:
Brem, Chantonnay, Mareuil, Pissotte or Vix.
Whites are mainly made from Chenin Blanc.
Reds from Brem and Pissotte are based on Pinot Noir.
Reds from Chantonnay, Mareuil and Vix are based on Cabernet Franc.
Rosés for all five DGCs are Gamay/Pinot Noir – blended in differing proportions.
43
Which AOC area of Pays Nantais produces the most wine?
Muscadet Sèvre et Maine
44
Which of these is the main grape used to make Muscadet wines?
Melon de Bourgogne
45
What does the Middle of Loire comprises of?
Anjou-Saumur and Touraine.
Anjou-Saumur is the biggest sub region of Loire.
46
What is Tuffeau?
known as Turonian chalk and was fromed during the late cretaceaus period. Soft and mailable in the ground but hardens with oxygen and so the chateaus of the loire are made from it.
47
Two geographical worlds collide in Anjou
Massif Armoricain (dark schist and sandstone, known as black anjou) and Paris Basin (white chalk "tuffeau" known as white anjou).
48
Grapes of Anjou-Saumur
White: p = Chenin blanc, Others Sauv B, Chardonnay and orbois/arbois.
rose: p: Grolleau Gris used for sparkling and rose. Sauvignon Gris known as Fie Gris in the Loire is used in the white wines of Haut Poitou.
red: P: Cab Franc. Grolleau Noir is the dominant grape used in off dry rose d'anjou. other: Cab Sauv, Gamay, Merlot, Pineau d'Aunis, Pinot Noir and cot.
49
Anjou AOC + Anjou Villages AOC
covers the ful region and 46 villages within Anjou AOC.
Anjou AOC sparkling wine:
A small amount of Anjou mousseux – or Fines Bulles – is produced.
- Whites are primarily Chenin Blanc – Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc can be blending partners.
- Rosés are made from any of the red and gris grapes permitted in Anjou – Grolleau Gris, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Gamay, Grolleau, Pineau d’Aunis.
50
Savennieres AOC within Anjou-Saumur
white signature. within this AOC has Savennieres Roche Aux Moines AOC and Coulee De Serrant AOC.
51
Anjou Brissac AOC within Anjou-Saumur
richer reds
52
Saumur Champigny AOC within Anjou-Saumur
most famous reds
53
Sweet wines AOCs within within Anjou-Saumur
Anjou Coteaux de La Loire AOC, Coteaux de L'Aubance AOC and Coteaux de Saumur AOC. The sweetest is Coteaux Du Layon AOC and Bonnezeaux AOC
*Savennieres AOC alos makes some sweet wines.
54
Rose d'Anjou AOC
separate AOC that covers the same territory as Anjou AOC, it is only for rose wines in an off-dry style.
The main grape in the Rosé d’Anjou blend is Grolleau – Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Gamay, Pineau d’Aunis are also permitted. There is no dominant production method.
55
Cabernet d'Anjou
separate AOC that covers the same territory as Anjou AOC, largest production of rose AOCs in Anjou. Perceptible sweetness - minimum residual sugar 1%. Cab franc and Cab Sauv.
56
Anjou Village AOC
Only produces red wines. contained in Anjou AOC but does not include the entire terriotry. Cab Franc and Cab Sauv. No blend rules, 46 communes. They re the best terroirs for red wines in Anjou AOC. village names not on the label.
57
Rose de Loire AOC
seperate AOC that covers Anjou Saumur and Touraine. Dry style. Large zone, but samllest production of the three roses in Anjou
58
Cremant de Loire AOC
seperate AOC that covers Anjou Saumur and Touraine. traditional method
Crémant de Loire can be white or rosé. It is typically made using Chenin Blanc, Cabernet Franc and/or Chardonnay. Wines can be vintage or non-vintage. Large crémant houses account for 80% of production.
White: Chenin Blanc, Chardonnay, Orbois.
Rose/Gris: Grolleau Gris.
Red: Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Pineau d’Aunis, Grolleau, Pinot Noir.
59
Savenieres AOC
Dry 100% chenin blanc. although semi sweet to sweet wines permitted too. Savenieres Roche aux Moines AOC and Coulee de Serrant AOC both in the boundaries.
59
Anjou Brissac AOC
Only reds. Cab Franc and Cab Sauv. Blends are dominated by Cab Franc. Forrest blocks cool ocean breeze and it is warmer and drier.
60
Saumur AOC
covers the entire area of Saumure area. dry white, rose and reds. white and red sparkingling.
whites; chenin blanc
reds: Cab franc possible addition of cab sauv
rose: blend of cab franc and cab sauv
Sparkling: Saumur produces far more mousseux than still wines – more communes are able to produce sparkling than still wines. Saumur AOC sparkling wines can be white or rosé – they must be made by the traditional method and be aged for at least 9 months sur lie. Sparkling Saumur is often referred to as Saumur Brut.
Chenin Blanc is the primary grape for white – Cabernet Franc is the primary grape for rosé. All the other grapes permitted in Saumur AOC can be included in the blend: Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Grolleau Gris, Cabernet Sauvignon, Pineau d’Aunis, Gamay, Grolleau, Pinot Noir.
61
Saumur Champigny AOC
Cab Sauv and Pineau d'Aunis. Most important red AOC. warm area and richer wines. Tuffeau soils give elegance. 8 villages.
62
Anjou Coteaux de la Loire AOC
small AOC, semi sweet to sweet chenin blanc. North and South banks of Loire. close to river, summer heat is moderated by river. plenty of autumn fog
63
Coteaux de l'Aubance AOC
small aoc makes sweet to semi swet chenin blanc. select grains nobles can happen but must be labeled and beeen infected by noble rot. North and South banks on Aubance river. warmest anjou AOC, protected by atlantic ocean.
64
Coteaux du Layon AOC
swemi sweet to sweet from chenin. face south to southwest, heat however atlantic breeze refresh the area which allows the grapes to become overripe wiht the less threat of rot. 6 DGC allowed to add their name to the label. select grains nobles can happen but must be labeled and beeen infected by noble rot and 19% potential alcohol at harvest. with vintage on label.
65
Coteaux du Layon 1 er Cru Chaume DGC and Quarts de Chaume Grand Cru AOC
Chaume part of commune of Rochefort sure Loire, home to two prestigious sweet wines area of Anjou-Saumur.
Coteaux du Layon 1 er Cru Chaume DGC: Handpicked overriped, do not have botrytized.
Quarts de Chaume Grand Cru AOC: botrytized and can be concentrated by passerillage.
66
Bonnezeaux AOC
small AOC makes sweet wine from Chenin Blanc. Higher acidity
67
Savennieres AOC
The AOC is famous for dry wines made from 100% Chenin Blanc – although semi-sweet and sweet wines are permitted too.
Savennières’ vineyards are planted on five steep, south-facing hills with soils of slate, schist, volcanic rock and aeolian sands.
68
Savennieres AOC Roche aux Moines AOC
is a lieu-dit within the boundaries of Savennières AOC. Yelds are lower than Savennières – hand harvesting is mandatory with a minimum of two passes through the vineyard. No chaptalization is allowed.
As with Savennières, it is famous for dry white wines from Chenin Blanc. Semi-sweet to sweet wines are also made in years when botrytis develops. Minimum residual sugar for the sweeter wines is 3%/30g/l.
69
Coulee de Serrant AOC
Coulée de Serrant AOC is also within the boundaries of Savennières AOC. The vineyard borders the Loire river and is a monopole from Nicolas Joly. It is a portion of the Savennières vineyard that has a single owner – Domaine Joly – and a particularly high reputation for its wines.
70
The appellations that often use grapes affected by botrytis in Anjou Saumur:
Coteaux du Layon AOC, Coteaux du Layon 1er Cru Chaume DGC, Quarts de Chaume Grand Cru AOC, Bonnezeaux AOC and Coteaux de l’Aubance AOC.
71
can all make sweet wines – from botrytized grapes or not – but their focus is dry wine production. within Anjou Saumur
Savennières AOC, Savennières Roche aux Moines AOC and Coulée de Serrant AOC
72
Which can put Selection de Grains Nobles on their labels within Anjou Saumur
Coteaux du Layon AOC and Coteaux de l’Aubance AOC
73
What three AOCs making sparkling wine in Anjou Saumur?
Cremant de Loire AOC, Saumur AOC, Anjou AOC
74
What is Fines Bulles
a term used in the Loire Valley for sparkling wines – it sometimes appears on the label.
75
What is the sparkling wine called Mousseux?
Mousseux can be good value sparkling wines – a wine labeled Mousseux can be made with less demanding production standards than Crémant. Mousseux are fully sparkling.
Most mousseux do not have aging requirements. Mousseux means frothy, or bubbly. The wines contain a minimum of 3 atms of pressure.
The sparkling wines from a non-crémant AOC – Vouvray, Touraine, Montlouis-sur-Loire, Saumur and Anjou – are officially referred to as Vouvray Mousseux etc.
76
what is Pétillant?
literally means fizzy. These wines are semi-sparkling with only 1-2.5 atms of pressure.
77
What is Coteaux de Saumur AOC
This AOC only uses Chenin Blanc and produces semi-sweet to sweet white wine from overripe grapes. They may be affected by noble rot – depending on the growing season. Minimum residual sugar is 3.4%/34g/l.
Hand harvesting is mandatory.
78
What is Haut Poitou AOC
This little-seen AOC makes red, dry white and rosé wines in an area southeast of Saumur.
Whites are principally Sauvignon Blanc – Sauvignon Gris is also permitted.
Reds and rosés are principally Cabernet Franc – Pinot Noir, Gamay and Merlot can also be used.
Vineyards face south and are planted on an elevated plateau with soils of sands, chalky-clays and flint-rich sandy clays. The area has a marked continental climate thanks to hills which block any maritime influence.
79
Which of these wine styles is not made in Anjou AOC?
Rosé
80
White grapes of Touraine?
Chenin Blanc, Sauvignon Blanc.
other grapes: Romorantin exclusively in Cour Cheverny. Chardonnay and Orbois/Arbois
81
Rose grapes of Touraine
Grolleau Gris, Pinot Gris, and Sauvignon Gris.
Sauvignon Gris known as Fie Gris in Lire.
82
Red Grapes of Touraine
Cabernet Franc, Cot, Gamay.
Other grapes: CAbernet Sauvignon Grolleau, Merlot, Meunier, Pineau d'Aunis, Pinot Noir.
83
Touraine AOC
Large area and productes dry white, rose and red along with white and rose sparkling.
usually whites are from Sauv Blanc.
Reds are based on Cabernet Franc, if produced west of Tours and Cot to the east of that city. The AOC alos produces Gamy in Primeur style.
Rose must be a blend of two approved grapes. 70% of the blend.
small amount of sparkling Touraine is produced.
84
Touraine Noble Joue AOC
makes only Rose. It produces distinctive vin gris from Meunier, Pinot Noir and Pinot Gris. Direct press and meunier can be given a brief maceration. Always dry.
85
Valencay AOC in Touraine
Known for its goats cheese. Dry whites, rose and reds.
Whites: SAuvignon Blanc.
Rose/Reds: based on Gamay.
86
Chinon AOC in Touraine
Famous for Reds. Largest Loire red AOC. warmest growing areas in Touraine. Touraine forrest protects fromt he storm clouds/winds. close to river sandy.gravel. slopes are tuffeau soil. higher is flinty clay sands, higher is lighter wines.
Reds and Rose - Cab Franc
Whites - Chenin Blanc
87
Bourgueil AOC in Touraine
Only reds and rose. Cab franc and Cab sauv.
two categories:
1. gravel wines - 60%
2. Tuffeau wines. south facing and maximum warmth.
88
Sain Nicolas de Bourgueil AOC in Touraine
Red and Rose. Cab and Cab Sauv. Exclusively Cab Franc.
South facing and terrain as Bourgueil.
can be legally labelled Bourgueil, but rarely is it done.
89
Vouvray AOC in Touraine
White wine from Chenin blanc from dry to sweet and sparkling.
60% = Mouseux and petillant. Method traditional and min of 12 month sur lie aging.
90
Montlouis sur Loire AOC in touraine
only white wines in dry to sweet and sparkling.
100% chenin blanc. 35% organic, 35% TerraVitis certification = half way to being organic.
91
Cour-Cheverny AOC in Tourraine.
only makes whites from Romorantin Grapes
91
Cheverny AOC in Tourraine
Dry white, rose and reds.
white: sauv blanc, chardonnay, orbis, chenin blanc
rose: savuignon gris.
reds: pinot noir, cot and gamay.
vineyards are scattered among wooded area and nested between three rivers: Beuvron, Cosson and Bievre. Slightly drier and warmer than most Touraine because o the tress block the cold winds and rivers. 23% farmed oraganic and 32% on the way to terra vitis.
92
Orleans AOC in Tourraine
Reds and rose = meunier
white; chardonnay and pinot Gris.
Orleans Clery AOC is located in Orleans AOC and makes reds from Cab Franc.
93
Touraine AOC for sparkling
Can be white or rose. Traditional mehtod, 9 months.
Tourraine Mousseux white are made from chenin blanc. rose can be from cab franc, gammay and grolleau.
94
Vouvray AOC sparkling
Largest white AOC but 60% is for sparkling. Traditional method less for 12 months. Chenin Blanc but some Orbois can be added.
95
Mountlouis sur Loire AOC in Toraine
Chenin Blanc and can be made in Mousseux and petillant stlye. accounts for most of the production in this AOc. Aged 9 months.
96
Coteaux du Vendomois AOC in Toraine
on the Loire River produces dry to sweet whites (dry must be labeled Sec). Reds and Rose.
whites must be chenin blanc and sometimes blended with chard.
reds are based on pineau d'aunis.
roses are labeled gris but exclusively made from pineau d'aunis via direct press.
97
Coteaux du Loir AOC in Toraine.
dry white, rose and red. semi sweet to sweet white wines. dry whites and rose must be labeled sec.
whites are Chenin Blanc
Rose and reds are Pineau d'Anuis
98
Jasnieres AOC in Toraine
smallest of the Loir Valley AOCs.
only makes whites from chenin blanc from dry to sweet. dry must be labeled sec.
these wines are sometimes called hte Savennieres of Touraine since its from a wide range of Chenin Blanc.
99
Which grape variety is the principal grape of Saint-Nicolas-de-Bourgueil?
Cabernet Franc
100
Which grape variety is the principal grape of Vouvray?
Chenin Blanc
101
What is centre Loire climate
continental with large seasonal temp swing
102
White grapes of Centre Loire
Sauv B.
Chasselas was a domainte historically. however after phylllozera and was hard to graft so sauv b came in.
103
Rose grapes of centre loire
pinot gris, sauvignon gris, only important in Reuily and Quincy.
104
red grapes of centre loire
pinot noir. sometimes support gamay in lesser known AOCs.
105
Sancerre AOC in Centre Loire
sauvignon blanc and Pinot Noir.
Higher and hiller then pouilly fume. highest elevation of Centre Loire.
various lieux dits and subzones ahve been identified as delievering superior wine. soils have Caillottes (pebbles of limestone rich portlandia) and Terres Blances (kimmeridgean marl rich) and also Silex (flint) and argiles a silex (clay with flint).
106
Pouilly Fume AOC in Centre Loire
100% sauv b and called Blanc Fume within the aoc. it is smoky due to the gunflint aromas found from their flinty clay soils which are called Silex (flint) and argiles a silex (clay with flint). Their soils also have Caillottes (pebbles of limestone rich portlandia) and Terres Blances (kimmeridgean marl rich) and Sand/gravels (sables)
107
Pouilly sur Loire AOC in Centre Loire
100% Chasselas. same area as Pouilly Fume.
108
Menetou Salon AOC in Centre Loire
famous for their white wines but has reds and rose.
sauv b
reds and rose - pinot noir
Flatter than SAncerre and exposing SW winds and risk of frost.
10 villages, they can be added their name to the label as long as its 100% from that grape from that named village.
109
Quincy AOC in Centre Loire
Quincy sits on the Cher river. dry whites from sauv b. Sauvignon gris is a minor blending partner.
soils are sand and gravel
110
Reuilly AOC in Centre Loire
has two seperate vienyard areas. largest sitting on both sides of the Arnon river.
whites - sauv b 100%
reds pinot noir 100%
Dry mesoclimate, first to harvest in Centre Loire
111
Coteaux du Giennois AOC in Centre Loire
makes reds roses and whites.
100% sauv b and reds and roses can be from Pinot Noir and Gamay for reds and rose. Pinot dominates the blends.
112
Chateaumeillant AOC within Centre Loire
Gamay dominates the blends - Pinot Noir is permitted in both reds and rose. White Pinot Gris can be used in rose.
113
Which two Centre-Loire AOCs are located on the Cher River?
Quincy and Reuilly
114
Which Centre-Loire AOC is the most hilly and highest in elevation?
Sancerre
115
What is the other name that Upper Loire goes by?
In France it is known as Auvergne
116
What is the climate of Auvergne?
Continental and winters are cold and summers are warm. large diurnal differentials.
117
What chain of volcanos are in the Upper Loire?
Chain des Puys. weathered hills composed of solidified magma. western side of Saint Pourcain and the Cotes d'Auvergne create a rain shadow.
118
Saint Pourcain AOC in Upper Loire
white: Chardonnay, Sacy, Sauvignon Blanc,
red: gamay and pinot Noir
soil; chalk-clays, sands and gravels, granite and gneiss.
119
Cotes d'Auvergne AOC in Upper Loire
white: chardonnay
red: gamay and pinot noir
soil: clay, chalky marl, basalt, granite and gneiss
120
Cote Roannaise AOC in Upper Loire
rose (saignee) and reds (nuveau) from gamay
soil iron rich granite, schist and gneiss.
vineyards are SE facing. Half are organic.
121
Cotes du Forez AOC in upper loire
reds (some from nuveau style) and rose from gamay
SW facing on volcanic soil and closest vineyard to Loire river. Monts du Forez acts as a rain shadow for this area.
122
What sort of climate do you find in the Upper Loire?
Continental
123
The four AOC of Upper Loire
Saint-Pourçain, Côtes d'Auvergne, Côte Roannaise, Côtes du Forez
124
Which of these is the most widely grown grape in the Loire?
cab franc
125
Which is the smallest of the Muscadet AOCs?
Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire
126
Which grape variety will be permitted to constitute up to 10% of the blend in Muscadet AOC wines from the 2021 vintage?
Chardonnay
126
What are the DGC for Muscadet Sèvre et Maine AOC?
Clisson, Gorges, Goulaine, Mouzillon Tilieres, La Pallet
127
T/F: The Val de Loire IGP is France’s largest IGP in area.
True
128
The town and Château of Chinon sit on which river?
Vienne
129
Saumur AOC makes wines in many different styles – which is the most important in terms of production?
Sparkling
130
Which of these Centre-Loire AOCs only make white wine?
Pouilly-sur-Loire AOC
131
In which French landform is Touraine and Centre-Loire found?
Paris Basin
132
From what does Coteaux du Layon AOC takes it name?
River
The Layon River flows through the part of Anjou where the sweet wines of the Coteaux du Layon are made.
133
Which AOC produces sparkling wines labeled as pétillant originel?
Montlouis-sur-Loire
134
Where would you find Coulée de Serrant AOC?
Savennières
135
What is the principal white grape of the Lower Loire?
Melon de Bourgogne
136
