Lower Extremity Muscles Origins + Insertions

Question 1

Pectineus

Answer 1

Pecten pubis –> Pectineal line of femur

Question 2

Adductor Brevis

Answer 2

Anterior surface of inferior pubic ramus –> Pectineal line and superior part of medial lip of linea aspera

Question 3

Adductor Longus

Answer 3

Anterior surface of body of pubis –> Middle third of linea aspera

Question 4

Adductor Magnus

Answer 4

Inferior pubic ramus, ischial ramus, and inferolateral area of ischial tuberosity–>Gluteal tuberosity of femur, medial lip of linea aspera, medial supracondylar ridge, adductor tubercle

Question 5

Gracilis

Answer 5

Inferior margin of pubic symphysis, inferior ramus, inferior ramus of pubis, adjacent ramus of ischium –> Medial surface of tibial shaft

Question 6

Sartorius

Answer 6

ASIS –> Superior aspect of the medial surface of the tibial shaft near the tibial tuberosity

Question 7

Tensor Fascia Lata

Answer 7

ASIS, Outer lip of anterior iliac crest, fasica lata –> Iliotibial band

Question 8

Rectus Femoris

Answer 8

Straight head: AIIS, Reflected head: groove aboev acetablum –> Base of patella and forms central portion of quadriceps femoris tendon

Question 9

Vastus Intermedius

Answer 9

Superior 2/3 of anterior and lateral surfaces of femur, lateral intermuscular septum of thigh –> Lateral border of patella and forms deep portion of quadriceps tendon

Question 10

Vastus Medialis

Answer 10

Infeiror intertrochanteric line, spiral line, medial lip of linea aspera, superior supracondylar ridge or femur, medial intermuscular septum –> Latearl base and border of patella and forms lateral patellar retinaculum and lateral side of quadriceps femoris tendon

Question 11

Vastus Lateralis

Answer 11

Superior intertrochanteric line, anterior and inferior greater trochanter, superior portion of lateral lip of linea aspera, lateral gluteal tuberosity of femur –> Lateral base and border of patella and forms lateral patellar retinaculum and lateral portion of quadriceps femoris tendon

Question 12

Hamstrings: Biceps Femoris Long Head

Answer 12

Posterior portion of ichial tuberosity (shares tendon with semitendonosus) –> Primarily fibular head, LCL and lateral tibial condyle

Question 13

Hamstrings: Biceps Femoris Short Head

Answer 13

Lateral lip of linea aspera, lateral supradonylar ridge of femur, lateral intermuscular septum of thigh–> Primary fibular head, LCL and lateral tibial condyle

Question 14

Hamstrings: Semimembranosus

Answer 14

Superior lateral ischial tuberosity –> Posterior medial tibial condyle

Question 15

Hamstrings: Semitendonosus

Answer 15

Superior medial posterior ischial tiberosity (shares tendon with biceps femoris) –> Superior medial tibial shaft

Question 16

Tibialis Anterior

Answer 16

Lateral condyle of tibia, proximal 1/2-2/3 of lateral surface of tibial shaft, interosseous membrane, deep surface of fasica cruris –> Medial and plantar surfaces of 1st cuneiform and on base of 1st metatarsal

Question 17

Extensor Digitorum Longus

Answer 17

Lateral condyle of fibula, proximal 2/3-3/4 of medial fibular shaft surface, upper interosseous membrane, fasica cruris, and anterior intermuscular septum –> Splits into 4 tendon slips after extensor retinaculum which insert on dorsum of middle and distal phalanges as part of extensor expansion complex

Question 18

Extensor Hallucis Longus

Answer 18

Anterior surface of the fibula and the adjacent interosseous membrane–>Base of dorsal center of distal phalanx of great toe

Question 19

Gastrocnemius

Answer 19

Medial head from posterior nonarticular surface of medial femoral condyle, lateral head from lateral surface of femoral lateral condyle –> 2 heads unite into a broad aponeurosis, which eventually unites with the deep tendon of the soleus to form the achilles tendon, inserting on the middle 1/3 of the posterior calcaneal surface

Question 20

Soleus

Answer 20

Posterior fibular head, upper 1/4-1/3 of posterior surface of tendinous arch spanning two site of bone origin–>Eventually unites with the gastrocnemius aoneurosis to form the achilles tendon, inserting on the middle 1/3 of the posterior calcaneal surface

Question 21

Plantaris

Answer 21

Inferior aspect of lateral supracondylar line of distal femur –> Middle 1/3 of posterior calcaneal surface, just medial to Achilles tendon

Question 22

Tibialis Posterior

Answer 22

Posterior interosseous membrane, superior 2/3 of medial posterior fibula, superior posterior tibia, intermuscular septum between muscle of posterior compartment and deep transverse septum –> Splits into 2 slips after passing inferior to plantar calcaneonavicular ligament, superficial slip inserts on the tuberosity of the navicular bone and sometimes medial cuneiform, deeper slip divides again into slips inserting on plantar surfaces of metatarsals 2-4 and second cuneiform

Question 23

Flexor Digitorum Longus

Answer 23

Posterior tibial surface distal to popliteal line –> splits into 4 slips after passing through medial intermuscular septum of plantar surface of foot, these slips then insert on plantar surface of basese of 2nd-5th distal phalanges

Question 24

Flexor Hallucis Longus

Answer 24

Inferior 2/3 of posterior surface of fibula, lower interosseous membrane–>Plantar surface of base of digital phalanx of great toe

Question 25

Popliteus

Answer 25

Anterior popliteal groove on lateral femoral condyle --> Posterior surface of tibia in a fan-like fashion, superior to popliteal line

Question 26

Peroneus Tertius

Answer 26

Medial fibular shaft surface and anterior intermuscular septum --> Dosral surface of base of 5th metatarsal

Question 27

Peroneus Brevis

Answer 27

Inferior 2/3 of lateral fibular surface and anterior and posterior intermuscular septum --> Lateral surface of styloid process of 5th metatarsal base

Question 28

Peroneus Longus

Answer 28

Head of fibula, upper 1/2-2/3 of lateral fibular shaft surface, anterior and posterior intermuscular septum --> Plantar posterolateral aspect of medial cuneiform and lateral side of 1st metatarsal base

Question 29

Extensor Digitorum Brevis

Answer 29

Calcaneous --> Extensor Tendonosus of digits 2-4

Question 30

Extensor Hallucis Brevis

Answer 30

Calcaneous --> Dorsal aspect of base of digit 1

Question 31

Abductor Hallucis

Answer 31

Medial tubercle of calcaneal tuberosity --> Medial side of baseof proximal phalanx of digit one

Question 32

Flexor Digitorum Brevis

Answer 32

Medial tubercle of the calcaneal tuberosity --> Both sides of middle phalanges of digits 2-5

Question 33

Abductor Digiti Minimi

Answer 33

Medial and lateral tubercles of calcaneal tuberosity --> Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit

Question 34

Quadratus Plantae

Answer 34

Medial surface and lateral margin of plantar surface of calcaneous --> Posterolateral margin of tendon of flexor digitorum longus

Question 35

Lumbricals

Answer 35

Tendons of flexor digitorum longus --> Medial aspect of expansion of digits 2-5

Question 36

Flexor Hallucis Brevis

Answer 36

Plantar surfaces of cuboid and lateral cuneiforms --> Both sides of base of proximal phalanx of digit 1

Question 37

Adductor Hallucis

Answer 37

Oblique head: bases of metatarsals 2-4, Transverse head: plantar ligamnets of MP joints

Question 38

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis

Answer 38

Base of 5th metatarsal --> base of 5th digit

Question 39

Plantar Interossi

Answer 39

Bases of medial sides of metarsals 3-5 --> Medial sides of bases of phalanges 3-5

Question 40

Dorsal Interossei

Answer 40

Adjacent sides of metatarsals 1-5 --> 1st medial side of proximal phalanx of digit 2, 2nd-4th lateral sides of digits 2-4