lower kinesiology

Question 1

in the thoracic spine, which way to the inferior facets face

Answer 1

anterior

Question 2

which thoracic vertebrae are considered atypical

Answer 2

T1 and T11,12

Question 3

spinous process of the lumbar vertebrae project in what direction

Answer 3

horizontally

Question 4

multifidus attach to what part of the vertebrae

Answer 4

mamillary process

Question 5

what direction do the superior facets face in the lumbar spine

Answer 5

medial/ posterior medial

Question 6

what two joints limit the motion at facets in the thoracic spine

Answer 6

costovertebral and costotransverse joints

Question 7

what vertebrae in the thoracic spine doesn’t have a costotransverse joint

Answer 7

T11 and T12

Question 8

flexion in the t spine is done by what kind of kinematics of the top vertebrae on the bottom

Answer 8

superior and anterior slide

Question 9

flexion and extension in the T spine increases in what direction

Answer 9

cranial to caudal

Question 10

axial rotation in the thoracic spine increases in what direction

Answer 10

caudal to cranial

Question 11

in the thoracic spine, the ribs will drop on which side during left lateral flexion

Answer 11

left

Question 12

how are the lower thoracic vertebrae alligned

Answer 12

start to become vertical like lumbar

Question 13

passive tension of the hip flexors helps to maintain what spinal alignment by anteriorly tilting the pelvis

Answer 13

lordosis

Question 14

during lumbopelvic flexion, where is the movement initiated

Answer 14

lumbar spine

Question 15

during lumbopelvic extension, where is the movement initiated

Answer 15

glutes

Question 16

severe lordosis can be seen with a contracture of what muscle

Answer 16

hip flexor

Question 17

during lumbar spine rotation to the left, what facet will open

Answer 17

the left one

Question 18

anterior sacral tilt and posterior iliac tilt will give what sacral positioning

Answer 18

nutation

Question 19

normal angle of inclination at the neck of the femur is what

Answer 19

125

Question 20

a 90 degree angle of inclination at the hip joint would be considered what positioning

Answer 20

coxa vara

Question 21

normal anteversion is how many degrees

Answer 21

10-15

Question 22

what is the ligament that goes into the fovea of the femoral head

Answer 22

ligamentum teres

Question 23

in general the 3 ligaments of the hip are taut in what motion

Answer 23

extension

Question 24

what hip ligament in taut with extension and ER

Answer 24

iliofemoral ligament

Question 25

what hip ligament is taut with extension and abduction

Answer 25

pubofemoral

Question 26

during standing abduction of the hip, what direction does the lumbar spine laterally flex

Answer 26

side of highest iliac crest

Question 27

the anterior fibers of glute med do this... while the posterior fibers of glute med do this

Answer 27

IR and flex | ER and extend

Question 28

during right sided stance phase of walking, which side QL is working

Answer 28

left

Question 29

lumbar spine facet pain will be made worse with what position

Answer 29

increased lumbar lordosis

Question 30

what muscle prevents the posterior shearing of the vertebral bodies

Answer 30

iliopsoas

Question 31

what knee deformity to OA patients present with

Answer 31

genu varum because medial cartilage breaks down

Question 32

what position of knee flexion/ extension is there no contact between the patella and trochlear groove

Answer 32

full extension

Question 33

normal genu valgum at the knee is what degree

Answer 33

170-175

Question 34

what connects the menisci to the tibia

Answer 34

coronary ligaments

Question 35

what are the only 2 parts of the menisci that have nerve supply

Answer 35

by the anterior and posterior horns

Question 36

what tendon passes between lcl and lateral meniscus

Answer 36

popliteus

Question 37

which way toes the meniscus move during knee extension

Answer 37

anteriorly

Question 38

during okc knee extension, what motion is needed for the last 10 degrees

Answer 38

ER of the tibia

Question 39

what pole of the patella contacts the femur during knee flexion (135 deg)

Answer 39

superior

Question 40

the inferior pole of the patella is in contact with the femur in what position

Answer 40

extension

Question 41

in the talocrural joint, what shape is the talus anterior- posterior

Answer 41

convex

Question 42

what are the 3 components of foot pronation in OKC

Answer 42

calcaneal DF, ABD, Eversion

Question 43

what are the 3 components of foot supination in OKC

Answer 43

calcaneal PF, ADD, Inversion

Question 44

components of pronation (foot) in CKC

Answer 44

Calcaneus EV Talus ADD Talus PF Tibial internal rotation

Question 45

components of supination (foot) in CKC

Answer 45

Calcaneus IN Talus AB Talus DF Tibial external rotation

Question 46

by definition, what motions occur at the talocrural joint

Answer 46

pronation and supination

Question 47

what is the main motion of pronation and supination at the foot

Answer 47

PF and DF

Question 48

what direction is the slide and roll during OKC dorsiflexion

Answer 48

posterior slide anterior roll

Question 49

what ankle ligaments are most taut in plantarflexion

Answer 49

ATF and Tibionavicular

Question 50

what ankle ligament is most taut in dorsiflexion

Answer 50

calcaneofibular

Question 51

in the subtalar joint, which bone is the convex surface

Answer 51

calcaneus

Question 52

what ankle motions allow the foot to adapt to uneven surfaces easily

Answer 52

pronation and supination

Question 53

what joint works hand in hand with the subtalar joint

Answer 53

transverse tarsal joint

Question 54

what muscle is the first degree supinator of the foot

Answer 54

tibialis posterior

Question 55

what muscle is the main pronator of the foot

Answer 55

fibularis longus

Question 56

just after heel strike, what does the foot do in order to adapt to the surface it is walking on

Answer 56

pronates

Question 57

in order to create a firm lever for push off, what does the foot do to lock the TTJ

Answer 57

supinates

Question 58

pronation of the foot is linked to mobility whereas supination of the foot is linked to what

Answer 58

stability

Question 59

successive heel contacts by opposite feet is called

Answer 59

step

Question 60

successive heel contacts by the same foot is called what

Answer 60

stride

Question 61

what is a normal cadence in steps per minute

Answer 61

110

Question 62

what percent of the gait cycle is when the foot is in swing

Answer 62

40%

Question 63

as gait speed increases, double limb support time does what

Answer 63

decreases

Question 64

what are the 5 phases of stance

Answer 64

heel strike, foot flat, midstance, heel off, toe off

Question 65

what are the 3 phases of swing

Answer 65

early, mid, late

Question 66

midswing of the right leg occurs when the left leg is in what phase

Answer 66

midstance

Question 67

how much hip flexion at heel strike

Answer 67

30 deg

Question 68

how much hip extension at the point of toe off

Answer 68

0 deg

Question 69

how much hip extension prior to toe off

Answer 69

10 deg

Question 70

how much knee flexion at toe off

Answer 70

35 deg

Question 71

how much knee flexion at initial contact

Answer 71

5 deg

Question 72

during mid swing how much knee flexion is needed

Answer 72

60 deg

Question 73

how much pf is needed in gait

Answer 73

15-20 deg

Question 74

what position is the foot in at heelstrike

Answer 74

slight plantar flexion

Question 75

how much DF is needed for gait

Answer 75

10 deg

Question 76

at the first mtp joint how much motion is necessary for push off

Answer 76

45-55 deg of extension

Question 77

in gait, the pelvis drops on what side during weight acceptance

Answer 77

swing side

Question 78

at heel strike and toe off what position is the foot in (pro/sup)

Answer 78

supination (rigid lever)