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MSK > Lower Limb 2/3 > Flashcards

Lower Limb 2/3 Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

Action of muscles in the lateral compartment of the leg

A

evert the foot and weakly plantarflex

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2
Q

what is the nerve of the lateral compartment of the leg

A

superficial fibular

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3
Q

which function of the fibularis longus that is not shared by fibularis brevis

A

plantarflexion

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4
Q

which of the four muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg causes eversion of the ankle

A

fibularis tertius

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5
Q

which muscle of the anterior compartment of the leg attaches to the first metatarsal

A

tibialis anterior

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6
Q

which muscle is the most superficial of the anterior leg

A

tibialis anterior

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7
Q

what type of joint is the ankle joint

A

hinge type synovial

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8
Q

which bone is the medial malleolus

A

tibia

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9
Q

which bone is the lateral malleolus

A

fibula

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10
Q

the articulating surfaces of the ankle

A

distal tibia and fibula and he superior part of the talus bone

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11
Q

is the malleolar grip stronger during dorsiflexion or plantarflexion of the ankle joint

A

dorsiflexion

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12
Q

is the ankle joint more unstable during plantarflexion or dorsiflexion

A

plantarflexion of the ankle joint

- during dorsiflexion the anterior part of the talus is held in the mortise

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13
Q

what is the mortise

A

a bracket shaped socket formed by strong tibiofibular ligaments (binding tibia and fibula) covered in hyaline cartilage

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14
Q

which ligament of the ankle is the weakest

A

lateral

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15
Q

which ligament of the ankle is termed the deltoid ligament

A

medial

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16
Q

Function of the lateral ligament of the ankle

A

prevents over inversion

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17
Q

function of the medial ligament of the ankle

A

prevents over eversion

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18
Q

during which movements of the subtalar joints are ankle sprains more common

A

inversion

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19
Q

what damage would be caused by excessive eversion at the subtalar joint

A

tibial and fibular fractures

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20
Q

what damage would be caused buy excessive inversion at the subtalar joint

A

fibular fracture

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21
Q

which muscles produce plantarflexion

A

posterior compartment of the leg - gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris and posterior tibialis

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22
Q

which muscle produces dorsiflexion

A

anterior compartment of the leg - tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus and extensor digitorum longus

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23
Q

what type of joint is the superior tibio-fibular joint

A

plane synovial

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24
Q

what type of joint is the inferior tibio-fibular joint

A

fibrous joint

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25
Upper medial border of the popliteal fossa
Semimembranosus
26
Upper lateral border of popliteal fossa
Biceps femoris
27
Inferior border of popliteal fossa
Gastrocnemius medial and lateral
28
The tibial and common fibular nerve are both branches of
The sciatic nerve
29
Main contents of the popliteal fossa
Popliteal artery and vein, common tibial nerve and common fibular nerve
30
Deepest structure in the popliteal fossa
Popliteal artery
31
Causes of mass in popliteal fossa
- bakers cyst - popliteal aneurysm - DVT - neoplasm
32
Bakers cyst
Popliteal inflammation or swelling of semimembranous bursa usually in conjunction with arthritis
33
Which nerve is susceptible to damage from a popliteal aneurysm
The tibial nerve
34
Where does the popliteal artery arise
Continuation of the femoral artery as it arises from the adductor hiatus
35
Which nerve innervates the gastrocnemius
Tibial
36
What is the function of the plantaris
Plantar flexes foot at ankle and flexion of knee
37
What is the function of the gastrocnemius muscle
Plantarflexion of the foot and flexion of the knee
38
What is the function of the soleus muscle
Plantarflexes foot at the ankle
39
What is the common tendon of the plantaris, gastrocnemius and soleus muscle
Calcaneal tendon
40
Innervation of the posterior superficial muscles of the leg
Tibial nerve
41
Where can you feel the posterior tibial pulse
Between the posterior surface of the medial malleolus and the medial border of the calcaneus tendon
42
Role of the popliteus
Laterally rotates femur on the tibia - unlocks the knee so flexion can occur
43
Which nerve roots does the calcaneal reflex assess
S1 and S2
44
In which way does the femur rotate to unlock the knee
Laterally
45
Which muscle is closest to the medial malleolus
Tibialis posterior
46
What movements are possible at the subtalar joint
Eversion and inversion
47
What kind of joint is between the navicular bone and talus
Ball and socket - allows foot to pivot
48
What bone is the heel
Calcaneus
49
How many cuneiform bones are there
3 from medial side join to metatarsals
50
Palmar fascitis
Presents as heel pain and brought on by overuse (running) or increase in weight and/or age
51
Dynamic factors which maintain the integrity of the arches
Intrinsic muscles of the foot, long flexor tendons, tendon of tibialis anterior and fibularis longus
52
Passive factors which maintain the integrity of the arches
Shape of united bones, plantar aponeurosis, long plantar ligament, short plantar ligament
53
Name the arches of the feet
Longitudinal and transverse
54
Dermatome of the little toe
S1
55
Which nerve innervates extensor digitorum brevis and extensor hallucis brevis
Deep fibular
56
How many intrinsic muscles are there on the sole of the foot
10
57
Are the palmar interossei of the lower limb unipennate or bipennate
Unipennate
58
Are the dorsal interossei of the lower limb unipennate or bipennate
Bipenate
59
The action of the lower limb lumbricals is to
Flex at metatarsophalangeal joints while extending interphalangeal joints
60
Where does the swelling appear with an extensor digitorum brevis contusion
Anteromedial to lateral malleolus

MSK (12 decks)

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