Lower Limb Landmarks

Question 1

Flip

Largest, most superior part of hip. Plate-like.

Answer 1

Ilium

Question 2

Flip

Posterior, inferior part of the hip.

Answer 2

Ischium

Question 3

Flip

Anterior, inferior part of the hip.

Answer 3

Pubis

Question 4

Flip

Small ridges on the lateral surface of the Ilium.

Answer 4

Gluteal Lines

Question 5

Flip

The higher of the two pointed projections on the back of the Ilium. The posterior end of the Iliac Crest

Answer 5

Posterior Superior Iliac Spine (PSIS)

Question 6

Flip

The lower of the two pointed projections on the back of the Ilium.

Answer 6

Posterior Inferior Iliac Spine (PIIS)

Question 7

Flip

The higher of the two pointed projections on the front of the Ilium. The anterior end of the Iliac Crest

Answer 7

Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS)

Question 8

Flip

The lower of the two pointed projections on the front of the Ilium.

Answer 8

Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine (AIIS)

Question 9

Flip

Ridge of bone on the superior side of the Ilium. Spans from the ASIS to the PSIS.

Answer 9

Iliac Crest

Question 10

Flip

Rounded projection on the lateral side of the Iliac Crest, about 5 cm posterior of the ASIS

Answer 10

Iliac Tubercle (Aka Tuberculum)

Question 11

Flip

Indentation on the posterior side of the Ilium. Superior to the Ischial Spine. Converted into a foramen by the sacrospinous ligament.

Answer 11

Greater Sciatic Notch

Question 12

Flip

Pointed projection on the posterior of the Ischium, inferior to the Greater Sciatic Notch and superior to the Lesser Sciatic Notch

Answer 12

Ischial Spine

Question 13

Flip

Indentation of the posterior of the Ischium. Inferior to the Ischial Spine.

Answer 13

Lesser Sciatic Notch

Question 14

Flip

“Sitting Bone”. Rough projection on the lateral, inferior, posterior side of the Ischium

Answer 14

Ischial Tuberosity

Question 15

Flip

Arm-like bar on the inferior end of the Ischium. Connects (touches/attaches) to the inferior pubic ramus, creating the inferior end of the Obturator Foramen.

Answer 15

Ramus of the Ischium

Question 16

Flip

Arm-like bar on the inferior end of the Pubis. Connects (touches/attaches) to the Ramus of the Ischium, creating the inferior end of the Obturator Foramen

Answer 16

Inferior Pubic Ramus

Question 17

Flip

Arm-like bar on the superior end of the Pubis. Forms the anterior rim of the Obturator Foramen.

Answer 17

Superior Pubic Ramus

Question 18

Flip

Hole in the inferior end of the Coxal (hip) bones. Formed by the junction of the Ischium and Pubis. Partly covered by connective tissue membrane.

Answer 18

Obturator Foramen

Question 19

Flip

Small rounded projection on the anterior of the pubis.

Answer 19

Pubic Tubercle

Question 20

Flip

Narrowing of the Femur between head and the intertrochanteric line.

Answer 20

Neck of the Femur

Question 21

Flip

Small fossa on the medial side of the head of the femur. Attachment of a ligament that connects the head to the Acetabulum.

Answer 21

Fovea of Femur (fovea capitis)

Question 22

Flip

Large, irregular projection on the superior lateral end of the femur.

Answer 22

Greater Trochanter

Question 23

Flip

Formed by the junction of the Ilium, Ischium and Pubis. Where the head of the femur articulates. Faces lateral, inferiorly and anteriorly.

Answer 23

Acetabulum

Question 24

Flip

Large, shallow depression on the medial side of the Ilium, inferior to the Iliac Crest.

Answer 24

Iliac Fossa

Question 25

# Flip Eminence (raised surface) at the junction of the Ilium and Pubis. Functions as a pulley for the Psoas Major muscle

Answer 25

Iliopubic Eminence

Question 26

# Flip Cartilaginous connective disc that sits between the Pubic Tubercles. Inferiorly attaches the two hip bones.

Answer 26

Pubic Symphysis (Aka Symphasis Pubis)

Question 27

# Flip Ear-like articular surface on the medial side of the Ilium. Posterior inferior portion of the Ilium. Articulates with the Sacrum.

Answer 27

Auricular Surface of the Ilium

Question 28

# Flip Long cylindrical body of the Femur.

Answer 28

Shaft of the Femur

Question 29

# Flip Rounded articular surface on the superior medial end of the Femur. Articulates with the Acetabulum. Faces medially, superiorly, and anteriorly.

Answer 29

Head of the Femur

Question 30

# Flip Irregular projection on the superior, medial portion of the Femur. Inferior to the head. Somewhat posterior.

Answer 30

Lesser Trochanter

Question 31

# Flip Thin ridge on the anterior side of the Femur that spans between the Greater Trochanter and the Lesser Trochanter.

Answer 31

Intertrochanteric Line

Question 32

# Flip Rounded articular surface on the lateral side of the inferior end of the Femur.

Answer 32

Lateral Condyle

Question 33

# Flip Rounded articular surface on the medial side of the inferior end of the Femur.

Answer 33

Medial Condyle

Question 34

# Flip Small rounded projection near the lateral condyle.

Answer 34

Lateral Epicondyle

Question 35

# Flip Small rounded projection near the medial condyle

Answer 35

Medial Epicondyle

Question 36

# Flip Articulating area on the anterior side of the inferior end of the Femur, between the Condyles.

Answer 36

Patellar Surface

Question 37

# Flip Small projection on the medial side of the inferior portion of the Femur. Slightly superior and posterior to the medial epicondyle. Attachment for posterior fibres of the Adductor Magnus muscle.

Answer 37

Adductor Tubercle

Question 38

# Flip Ridge of bone on the posterior side of the superior end of the Femur. Spans between the Greater Trochanter and Lesser Trochanter.

Answer 38

Intertrochanteric Crest

Question 39

# Flip Rough ridge with two lips (medial and lateral) on the posterior surface of the Femur.

Answer 39

Linea Aspera

Question 40

# Flip Small projection on (near) the superior end of the lateral lip of the Linea Aspera. Attachment for 25% of the Gluteus Maximus muscle.

Answer 40

Gluteal Tuberosity

Question 41

# Flip Flat, slightly depressed surface on the posterior of the inferior portion of the Femur. Superior to the Condyles. "Back of the Knee"

Answer 41

Popliteal Surface

Question 42

# Flip Indentation or depression on the posterior side of the inferior end of the Femur Between the Condyles

Answer 42

Intercondylar Fossa (Intercondylar Notch)

Question 43

# Flip Small ridge on the medial anterior side of the Superior Pubic Ramus. Attachment for the Pectineus Muscle

Answer 43

Pectineal Line

Question 44

What's the aka for the patellar surface?

Answer 44

Trochlear groove

Question 45

In which direction does the head of the femur project?

Answer 45

medially, superiorly, anteriorly

Question 46

Where and in which direction does the gluteal tuberosity run?

Answer 46

* greater trochanter (posterior aspect) -- linea aspera * inferomedially/superolaterally

Question 47

Where is the intertrochanteric line? Crest?

Answer 47

* line: anterior * crest: posterior

Question 48

In which direction does the acetabulum face?

Answer 48

anteriorly, inferiorly, laterally

Question 49

Where is the popliteal surface (aka popliteal fossa) located?

Answer 49

posterior femur between supracondylar lines