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Anatomy (General) > lower limb muscles > Flashcards

lower limb muscles Flashcards

1
Q

pririformis : function, origin and insertion

A

function: laterally rotates the extended femur at the hip joint and abducts flexed femur at hip joint.

origin: anterior surface of sacrum between anterior sacram foramina
insertion: medial side of the superior border of the greater trochanter of the femur

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2
Q

obturator internus : function, origin and insertion

A

function: laterally rotates the extended femur at the hip joint

origin: anterolateral wall of true pelvis; deep surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bone
insertion: medial side of greater trochanter of femur

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3
Q

gemellus superior : function, origin and insertion

A

function: laterally rotates extended femur at hip joint; abducts flexed femur at hip joint

origin: external surface of ischial plane
insertion: along length of superior surface of obturator internus tendon and into medial side of greater trochanter of femur with obturator internus tendon.

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4
Q

gemellus inferior : function, origin and insertion

A

function: laterally rotates extended femur at hip joint; abducts flexed femur at hip joint

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5
Q

quadratus femoris : function, origin and insertion

A

function: laterally rotates femur at hip joint

origin: lateral of ischium just anterior to ischial tuberosity
insertion: quadrate tubercle on intertrochanteric crest of femur

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6
Q

gluteus minimus

A

function: abducts femur at hip joint; medially rotates thigh

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7
Q

gluteus medius

A

function: abducts femur at hip joint and medially rotates thigh

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8
Q

gluteus maximus

A

function: extensor of femur at hip joint. laterally rotates and abducts thigh
origin: posterior ilium, lower sacrum (dorsal), (ETC)
insertion: posterior of iliotibial tract of fascia lata and gluteal tuberosity of proximal femur

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9
Q

tensor fasciae latae

A

function: stabilizes knee in extension
origin: lateral aspect of crest of ilium between the ASIS and the tubercle of the crest
insertion: iliotibial tract of fascia lata

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10
Q

psoas major: function, origin and insertion

A

function: flexes the thigh at the hip joint

origin: posterior abdominal wall ( lumbar transverse processes)
insertion: lesser trochanter of femur
- goes in the space b/w inguinal ligament and pelvis

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11
Q

illiacus: function, origin and insertion

A

function: flexes thigh at hip joint

origin: posterior abdominal wall (iliac fossa)
insertion: lesser trochanter of femur
- goes in the space b/w inguinal ligament and pelvis

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12
Q

vastus medialis : function, origin and insertion

A

function: extends leg at the knee joint
origin: femur - medial part of intertrochanteric line, pectineal line and medial lip of linea aspera, medial supracondylar line
insertion: quadriceps femoris tendon and medial border of patella

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13
Q

vastus intermedius : function, origin and insertion

A

function : extends the leg at the knee joint

origin: upper two thirds of anterior and lateral surfaces on femur
insertion: quadriceps femoris tendon, lateral margin of patella and the lateral condyle of the tibia

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14
Q

vastus lateralis: : function, origin and insertion

A

function: extends the leg at the knee joint
origin: lateral of intertrochanter line /margin of greater trochanter, lateral of gluteal tuberosity and lateral lip of linea aspera
insertion: quadricep femoris tendon and lateral patella

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15
Q

rectus femoris: function, origin and insertion

A

function: flexes thigh at the hip joint and extends leg at knee joint
origin: straight head from AIIS , reflected head from ilium just superior to acetabulum
insertion

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16
Q

sartorius: function, origin and insertion

A

function: flexes thigh at hip and flexes leg at knee joint
origin: ASIS
insertion: medial surface of tibia just inferomedial to tibial tuberosity

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17
Q

Gracilis: function, origin and insertion

A

function: adducts thigh at hip joint and flexes leg at knee joint
origin: a line on external surfaces of the body of the pubix, the inferior pubic ramus, and the ramus of the ischium
insertion: medial surface of proximal shaft of tibia

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18
Q

pectineus: function, origin and insertion

A

function: adducts and flexes thigh at hip joint
origin: pectineal line and adjacent bone of pubis
insertion: oblique line extending from base of lesser trochanter to linea aspera on posterior surface of proximal femur

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19
Q

adductor longus: function, origin and insertion

A

function: adducts and medially rotates thigh at hip joint
origin: on pubis, inferior to pubic crest
insertion: linea aspera on middle one third of shaft of femur

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20
Q

adductor brevis: function, origin and insertion

A

function: addicts and medially rotates thigh at hip joint
origin: body of pubis and inferior pubic ramus
insertion: posterior surface of proximal femur and upper one third of linea aspera

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21
Q

adductor magnus: function, origin and insertion

A

function: adducts and medially rotates thigh at hip joint
origin: adductor part - ischiopubic ramus. hamstring part - ischial tuberosity
insertion: adductor part - posterior part of femur, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line
hamstring part - adductor tubercle and supracondylar line

22
Q

obturator externus : function, origin and insertion

A

function: laterally rotates thigh at hip joint
origin: external surface of obturator membrane and adjacent bone
insertion: trochanteric fossa

23
Q

biceps femoris: function, origin and insertion

A

function: flexes leg at knee joint, extends and laterally rotates thigh at hip joint and laterally rotates leg at knee joint.
origin: long head - inferomedial part of upper area of ischial tuberosity. short head - lateral lip of linea aspera
insertion: head of tibia

24
Q

semitendinosus : function, origin and insertion

A

function: flexes leg at knee joint and extends thigh at hip joint. medially rotates thigh at hip joint and leg at knee joint
origin: inferomedial part of upper area of ischial tuberosity
insertion: medial surface of proximal tibia

25
Q

semimembranosus : function, origin and insertion

A

function: flexes leg at knee joint and extends thigh at hip joint. medially rotates thigh at hip joint and leg at knee joint
origin: superolateral impression on the ischial tuberosity
insertion: groove and adjacent bone on medial and posterior surface of medial tibial condyle

26
Q

gastrocnemius : function, origin and insertion

A

SUPERFICIAL GROUP ON LOWER LEG (POSTERIOR COMP.)

function: plantarflexes foot and flexes knee
origin: medial head - posterior on distal femur, just superior to medial condyle. lateral head - upper posterolateral surface of lateral femoral condyle
insertion: via calcaneal tendon, to posterior surface of calcaneus

27
Q

plantaris : function, origin and insertion

A

SUPERFICIAL GROUP ON LOWER LEG (POSTERIOR COMP.)

function: plantarflexes foot and flexes knee
origin: inferior part of lateral supracondylar line of femur and oblique popliteal ligament of knee
insertion: via calcaneal tendon, to posterior surface of calcaneus

28
Q

soleus : function, origin and insertion

A

SUPERFICIAL GROUP ON LOWER LEG (POSTERIOR COMP.)

function: plantarflexes the foot
origin: soleal line and medial border of tibia. posterior of fibular head
insertion: via calcneal tendon to posterior surface of calcaneus

29
Q

popliteus: function, origin and insertion

A

DEEP GROUP ON LOWER LEG (POSTERIOR COMP.)

function: stabilizes knee joint
origin: lateral femoral condyle
insertion: posterior surface of proximal tibia

30
Q

flexor hallucis longus : function, origin and insertion

A

DEEP GROUP ON LOWER LEG (POSTERIOR COMP.)

function: flexes great toe
origin: posterior surface of fibula and adjacent interosseous membrane
insertion: plantar surface of distal phalanx of great toe

31
Q

flexor digitorum longus : function, origin and insertion

A

DEEP GROUP ON LOWER LEG (POSTERIOR COMP.)

function: flexes lateral four toes
origin: medial side of posterior surface of the tibia
insertion: plantar surfaces of bases of distal phalanges of the lateral four toes

32
Q

tibialis posterior: function, origin and insertion

A

DEEP GROUP ON LOWER LEG (POSTERIOR COMP.)

function: inversion and plantaflexion of foot, support of medial arch and foot during walking
origin: posterior surfaces of interosseous membrane and adjacent regions of tibia and fibula
insertion: mainly to tuberosity of navicular and adjacent region of medial cuneiform

33
Q

fibularis longus: function, origin and insertion

A

LATERAL OF LOWER LEG

function: eversion and plantarflexion of foot. supports arches of foot.
origin: upper lateral surface of fibula , head of fibula
insertion: undersurface of lateral side of distal end of medial cuneiform and base of metatarsal I

34
Q

fibularis brevis: function, origin and insertion

A

LATERAL OF LOWER LEG

function: eversion of food
origin: lower two thirds of lateral surface of shaft of fibula
insertion: lateral tubercle at base of metatarsal V

35
Q

tibialis anterior: function, origin and insertion

A

anterior lower leg

function: dorsiflexion of foot at ankle joint, inversion of foot. support of medial arch of foot
origin: lateral of tibia and interosseous membrane
insertion: medial and inferior surfaces of medial cuneiform and adjacent surfaces on base of metatarsal I

36
Q

extensor hallucis longus: function, origin and insertion

A

anterior lower leg

function: extension of great ttoe and dorsiflexion of foot
origin: middle one half of medial surface of fibula and adjavent surface of interosseous membrane
insertion: dorsal of base of distal phalanx of great toe

37
Q

extensor digitorum longus: function, origin and insertion

A

anterior lower leg

function: extension of lateral four toes and dorsiflexion of foot
origin: proximal one half of medial of fibula and lateral of tibial condyle
insertion: dorsal digital expansions into bases of distal and middle phalanges of lateral four toes

38
Q

fibularis tertius: function, origin and insertion

A

anterior lower leg

function: dorsiflexion and eversion of foot
origin: distal of medial surface of fibula
insertion: dorsomedial surface of base of metatarsal V

39
Q

extensor digitorum brevis : function only

A

dorsal (TOP of foot)

extension of toes II to IV (on foot only)

40
Q

extensor hallucis brevis: function only

A

dorsal (TOP of foot)

extends metatarsophalangeal joint of great toe. (calcaneus to big toe)

41
Q

adductor hallucis: function only

A

sole of foot- first layer
abducts and flexes great toe at metatarsophalangeal joint
(muscle part is on foot)

42
Q

flexor digitorum brevis: function only

A

sole of foot- first layer

flexes lateral four toes at proximal interphalangeal joint

43
Q

abductor digiti minimi: function only

A

sole of foot first layer

abducts little toe at metatarsophalangeal joint

44
Q

quadratus plantae function only

A

second layer sole of foot

assists flexor digitorum longus tendon in flexing toes II to IV

45
Q

lumbricals function only

A

flexion of metatarsophalangeal joint and extension of interphalangeal joints
II-V

46
Q

flexor hallucis brevis: function only

A

third layer of muscles in the sole of foot

flexes metatarsophalangeal joint of great toe

47
Q

adductor hallucis: function only

A

third layer of muscles in sole of foot

adducts great toe at metatarsophalangeal joint

48
Q

flexor digiti minimi brevis: function only

A

third layer of muscles in sole of foot

flexes little toe at metatarsophalangeal joint

49
Q

dorsal interossei: function only

A

fourth layer sole of foot
abducts toes II to IV at metatarsophalangeal joints. resists extension of metatarsophalangeal joints and flexion of interphalangeal joints.

50
Q

plantar interossei: function only

A

fourth layer sole of foot
adducts toes III to V at metatarsophalangeal joints. resists extension of metatarsophalangeal joints and flexion of interphalangeal joints.

Anatomy (General) (15 decks)

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