Lower Motor Neurone Injuries

Question 1

A motor unit is said to be

Answer 1

efferent

Question 2

Where are anterior horn cells located

Answer 2

grey matter of spinal cord

Question 3

where are cell bodies of sensory units found

Answer 3

posterior root ganglia

Question 4

anterior motor roots are

Answer 4

ventral

Question 5

posterior sensory roots are

Answer 5

dorsal

Question 6

how does a spinal nerve exit vertebral column

Answer 6

via intervertebral foramen

Question 7

What forms a tube around peripheral nerve

Answer 7

Schwann cell

Question 8

Axons are coated with

Answer 8

endoneurlium

Question 9

Fasciles (nerve bundles are covered with)

Answer 9

perineurium

Question 10

a nerve is covered with

Answer 10

epineurium

Question 11

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome affects

Answer 11

median nerve at wrist

Question 12

sciatica affects

Answer 12

spinal root by IV disc

Question 13

Morton’s neuroma affects

Answer 13

digital nerve in 2nd or 3rd web space of forefoot)

Question 14

what happens in neuraparaxia

Answer 14

nerve stretched or bruised

reversible conduction block (local ischaemia and demyelination)

Question 15

What happens in Axonotmesis

Answer 15

Endoneirum intact but disruption of axons

Stretched, Crushed or Blow

Wallerian Degeneration

Enough to recognise pain, temp, sharp and blunt

Question 16

Peripheral nerves can do what

Answer 16

regenerate

Question 17

What is Neurotmesis

Answer 17

complete nerve division
laceration or avulsion
no recovery unless repaired
endoneural tubes disrupted
poor prognosis

Question 18

Closed nerve injuries associated with

Answer 18

Neuropraxis or Axontmesis

Question 19

Surgery indicated for close nerve injuries when

Answer 19

After 3 months no recovery

Question 20

Open nerve injuries treated with

Answer 20

early surgery

Question 21

when does wallerian degeneration happen in open nerve injuries

Answer 21

distal portion undergoes degeneration 2-3 weeks after injury

Question 22

What is wallerian degeneration in nerve injuries

Answer 22

initial death of axons distal to site of injury

Question 23

Regeneration occurs at what rate after nerve injury

Answer 23

1mm/day

pain returns first

Question 24

what type of nerve injury is worse proximal lesion or distal lesion

Answer 24

proximal

Question 25

What test can monitor nerve recovery

Answer 25

Tinel Sign

Question 26

Rule of Three for Surgery in Peripheral Nerve Injury

Answer 26

Immediate surgery within 3 days for clean and sharp injuries Early surgery within 3 weeks for blunt/contusion injuries Delayed surgery, performed 3 months after injury, for closed injuries.