LP14: Oxygenation

Question 1

What is the Structure of the Respiratory System?

Answer 1

-Upper respiratory system (above the throat)
-Lower respiratory system (below the throat)

Question 2

What is Pulmonary Ventilation?

Answer 2

The process of breathing

Question 3

What is Alveolar Gas Exchange?

Answer 3

-Diffusion (The movement of gasses)

-Oxygen is good gass
-Carbon dioxyde is bad gas

Question 4

What is the function of Hemoglobin in the RBCs?

Answer 4

It carries and transports oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Question 5

What part of the brain regulates Respirations?

Answer 5

The medulla oblongata

Question 6

Administering too much of what can cause the COPD client to stop breathing?

Answer 6

Oxygen

Question 7

What factors affect respiratory function?

Answer 7

-Age
-Environment
-Lifestyle
-Health status
-Medications
-Stress

Question 8

At what age do the lungs reach their full inflation?

Answer 8

2 weeks of age

Question 9

What are the conditions that affect the airways?

Answer 9

-Upper airway obstruction of a foreign object, tongue or secretions in the nose, pharynx, or larynx

-Lower airway obstruction or mucous or inflammation in the lungs or bronchi

Question 10

What is a Partial Obstuction?

Answer 10

Low-pitch snoring during inhalation

Question 11

What is a Complete Obstruction?

Answer 11

Inability to cough or speak.

Question 12

What is Stridor?

Answer 12

Harsh, high-pitched sound on inspiration.

Question 13

What are ADVENTITIOUS breath sounds?

Answer 13

Abnormal breath sounds

Question 14

What are the Conditions that affect the movement of air?

Answer 14

-Tachypnea
-Bradypnea
-Apnea
-Hypoventilation
-Hyperventilation

Question 15

What is Tachypnea?

Answer 15

Rapid respirations
Seen with fevers, metabolic acidosis, pain, and hypoxemia.

Question 16

What is Bradypnea?

Answer 16

Abnormally slow respiration rate, may be caused by drugs (opioids), metabolic alkalosis, increased intracranial pressure (brain injuries).

Question 17

What is Apnea?

Answer 17

The absence of breathing

Question 18

What is Eupnea?

Answer 18

Normal breathing

Question 19

What is Hypoventilation?

Answer 19

Slow or shallow breathing, or both.

Caused by diseases of the resp. muscles, drugs or anesthesia. Can lead to HYPERCAPNIA.

Question 20

What is Hypercapnia?

Answer 20

Too much carbon dioxide. May cause brain damage.

Question 21

What is Hyperventilation?

Answer 21

Increased rate and depth of resp. caused by stress and anxiety.

Question 22

What is Kassmaul’s breathing?

Answer 22

When the body tries to blow off acid.

“Dog-like breathing”

Question 23

What are Cheyne-Stroke respirations?

Answer 23

Rhythmic waxing/waning of resp., deep or shallow with short apnea.

Caused by chronic disease, and drug overdose.

Question 24

What are Biot’s Respirations?

Answer 24

Shallow breaths interrupted by apnea.

Seen with CNS disorders.

Question 25

What is Orthopnea?

Answer 25

Inability to breathe easily unless sitting upright or standing.

Question 26

What is Dyspnea?

Answer 26

Difficulty breathing/ SOB

Question 27

What is Hypoxemia?

Answer 27

Low oxygen in the nlood. -Pulm. edema -low hemoglobin -atelectasis

Question 28

What is Hypoxia?

Answer 28

Insufficient oxygen anywhere in the body.

Question 29

What are the signs and symptoms of Hypoxia?

Answer 29

-Rapid pulse -Rapid, shallow resp. and dyspea -Increased restlessness or lightheadedness -Flaring of nares -Substernal or intercostal retractions -Cyanosis

Question 30

How can Respiratory Functioning be facilitated?

Answer 30

Encourage deep breathing and coughing. -Pursed-lip breathing -Normal forceful coughing -Huff cough for COPD clients

Question 31

What does Expectorate mean?

Answer 31

To spit out

Question 32

How does Pursed-Lip breathing work?

Answer 32

Breathing in through the nose, breathing out through the mouth.

Question 33

What is Huff cough?

Answer 33

When patients take in deep breaths then cough 3 times

Question 34

How does hydration interact with oxygination?

Answer 34

Increase fluid intake to thin secretions. Humidifiers are used to moist resp. mucous membranes.

Question 35

What medications can be used for clients with oxygenation problems?

Answer 35

-Bronchodilators (dilates airways) -Anti-inflammatory drugs -Expectorants B&A increase PR

Question 36

Why is Oxygen therapy used?

Answer 36

To determine effectiveness. *Check VS *Pulse oxymetry

Question 37

What types of oxygen therapy can be used?

Answer 37

-Portable systems (cylinders or tanks) -Wall outlets

Question 38

What are the 3 types of oxygen?

Answer 38

-Dry (cylinder or wall outlet) -Liquid -Oxygen concentration

Question 39

What are the oxygen delivery systems?

Answer 39

-Cannula -Face mask -Face tent -Transtracheal catheter -Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (CPAP)