LS12 : Labour Market Issues Flashcards
what is a zero hours contract?
casual contracts which allow employers to hire staff with no guaranteed hours of work
why do zero hour contracts reduce the financial stability of workers?
no fixed hours per week so no stability of income. many workers do not get the amount of hours that they would like. 16% don’t get sufficient hours
why do some employees favour zero hour contracts?
increased flexibility
if zero hour contracts were banned, which industry would likely be affected?
hotel and hospitality
what is the gender pay gap?
average pay difference in men and women
what is pay discrimination?
discrimination in pay due to gender, age or ethnicity
what are the reasons behind the ethnic pay gap in britain?
- more likely to work in low skilled / low pay jobs
- lack of age / experience
- lack of promotion
what is the apprenticeship levy?
taxation to help companies offer more apprenticeships
what are the downsides to the apprenticeship levy?
scheme is rigid and complex
why has the UK farming sector experienced difficulties in finding staff in recent years?
brexit
what are the five UK sectors grappling with labour shortages?
- hospitality
- IT
- construction
- healthcare
- leisure
what factors are affecting the UK care sector labour?
- lack of work-life balance
- aging population
- wage issues
what reforms can be used to ease retirement pressure?
- anti-age discrimination
- increase pension age
- positive discrimination - flexible working for olders
