Lung Cancer Flashcards
(28 cards)
What are risk factors for bronchus carcinomas?
Cigarette smoking, passive smoking, asbestos
What is the main risk factor for malignant mesothelioma?
Asbestos
Where do malignant mesotheliomas usually occur?
In the pleura
What are symptoms of a bronchus carcinoma?
Cough, haemoptysis, dyspnoea, chest pain, weight loss, recurrent pneumonia
What are signs of a bronchus carcinoma?
Cachexia, anaemia, clubbing
What chest signs can there be in a bronchus carcinoma?
Consolidation, collapse, pleural effusion
How does malignant mesothelioma present?
Chest pain, dyspnoea, weight loss, recurrent pleural effusion
What does a CXR look like in bronchus carcinoma?
Peripheral nodule, hilar enlargement, consolidation
What other investigations would you do?
Sputum and pleural effusion cytology, fine needle aspiration, bronchoscopy, lung function tests
What investigation can help to stage?
PET-CT
What investigations would you do for malignant mesothelioma?
CXR, pleural fluid (it will be bloody)
How do you manage malignant mesotheliomas?
Chemotherapy
How do you treat NSCLC?
Lobectomy, if not possible radiotherapy and chemo if needed
How do you treat SCLC?
Surgery if possible, chemo + radiotherapy
What are some local complications of a bronchus carcinoma?
Recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy, phrenic nerve palsy, SVC obstruction
Where can a bronchus carcinoma spread?
Brain, bone, liver, adrenal
Give some examples of NSCLC
Squamous cell, adenocarcinoma, large cell
What are small cells also known as?
Oat cells
What staging is used for NSCLC?
TMN
What is stage I?
Small tumour
What is stage II?
Small/medium tumour with/without some node involement
What is stage IIIa?
Medium tumour with some node involvement
What is stage IIIb?
Big tumour with nodes on both sides of mediastinum
What is stage IV?
Mets
