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Respiratory > Lung Cancer > Flashcards

Lung Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

What are risk factors for bronchus carcinomas?

A

Cigarette smoking, passive smoking, asbestos

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2
Q

What is the main risk factor for malignant mesothelioma?

A

Asbestos

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3
Q

Where do malignant mesotheliomas usually occur?

A

In the pleura

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4
Q

What are symptoms of a bronchus carcinoma?

A

Cough, haemoptysis, dyspnoea, chest pain, weight loss, recurrent pneumonia

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5
Q

What are signs of a bronchus carcinoma?

A

Cachexia, anaemia, clubbing

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6
Q

What chest signs can there be in a bronchus carcinoma?

A

Consolidation, collapse, pleural effusion

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7
Q

How does malignant mesothelioma present?

A

Chest pain, dyspnoea, weight loss, recurrent pleural effusion

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8
Q

What does a CXR look like in bronchus carcinoma?

A

Peripheral nodule, hilar enlargement, consolidation

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9
Q

What other investigations would you do?

A

Sputum and pleural effusion cytology, fine needle aspiration, bronchoscopy, lung function tests

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10
Q

What investigation can help to stage?

A

PET-CT

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11
Q

What investigations would you do for malignant mesothelioma?

A

CXR, pleural fluid (it will be bloody)

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12
Q

How do you manage malignant mesotheliomas?

A

Chemotherapy

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13
Q

How do you treat NSCLC?

A

Lobectomy, if not possible radiotherapy and chemo if needed

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14
Q

How do you treat SCLC?

A

Surgery if possible, chemo + radiotherapy

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15
Q

What are some local complications of a bronchus carcinoma?

A

Recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy, phrenic nerve palsy, SVC obstruction

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16
Q

Where can a bronchus carcinoma spread?

A

Brain, bone, liver, adrenal

17
Q

Give some examples of NSCLC

A

Squamous cell, adenocarcinoma, large cell

18
Q

What are small cells also known as?

A

Oat cells

19
Q

What staging is used for NSCLC?

A

TMN

20
Q

What is stage I?

A

Small tumour

21
Q

What is stage II?

A

Small/medium tumour with/without some node involement

22
Q

What is stage IIIa?

A

Medium tumour with some node involvement

23
Q

What is stage IIIb?

A

Big tumour with nodes on both sides of mediastinum

24
Q

What is stage IV?

A

Mets

25
Q

What is the most common type of lung cancer in non-smokers?

A

Adenocarcinoma

26
Q

What lung cancers are associated with smokers?

A

Small cell lung carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma

27
Q

What can small cell carcinomas secrete?

A

ADH, ACTH

28
Q

What can squamous cell carcinomas secrete?

A

Parathyroid hormone-related protein

Respiratory (14 decks)

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