Lungs Flashcards
(43 cards)
At which cartilage/vertebra does the trachea begin?
Cricoid cartilage (C6)
At what level does the trachea bifurcate?
T4/T5 (sternal angle)
What is the carina of the trachea?
Ridge that separates L and R bronchus
How are the L and R primary bronchi different?
Right is larger, more vertical, and shorter than left
What is the epiarteriole bronchus?
Superior branch of right primary bronchus that supplies superior lobe of right lung
- AKA superior lobar bronchus
What are the main sections of the lung called?
How many aa. are each supplied by?
Where are the vv. located?
Broncho-pulmonary segments
- Each supplied by single a.
- Vv. located in septa separating the segments
How many lobes do R and L lungs have?
R: 3 lobes
L: 2 lobes
How many broncho-pulmonary segments do R and L lungs have?
R: 10 broncho-pulmonary segments
L: 8 broncho-pulmonary segments
What makes larger grooves in R lung?
Trachea, esophagus, inf vena cava
What makes larger grooves in L lung?
Heart, aorta and left subclavian a.
In which lung do you find the cardiac notch and lingula? Where specifically is the lingula?
Left lung
- Lingula: lower portion of upper lobe
What aa. supply the lungs?
Where do they branch from?
- Bronchial aa.
- Branch from aorta and posterior intercostal aa.
Describe the lymphatic drainage of the lungs.
Pulmonary nodes to tracheobronchial nodes to brachiomediastinal nodes
What divides the superior and inferior lobes of the left lung?
Oblique fissure
What divides the superior and middle lobes of the right lung?
Horizontal fissure
What divides the middle and inferior lobes of the right lung?
Oblique fissure
What is the hyparteriole bronchus?
Inferior branch of right primary bronchus that supplies middle and lower lobes of right lung
- AKA bronchus intermidius
What is the root of the lung? Function?
Root is that part of the lung where things come and go
- Connects medial lung surface to trachea and heart
What is the hilum of the lung? What’s contained in it?
Hilum is the content of stuff entering the lung
- Contains the main bronchus, pulmonary artery/veins, bronchial vessels, nerves and lymphatics
What layers surround each root?
The reflection of the parietal and visceral pleura
What is the pulmonary ligament?
The parietal pleura surrounding the root of the lung and extends downwards from the hilum in a fold (it is this fold)
Describe the layout of vessels in the hilum from the lung’s medial view.
What’s different about the R vs L lung here?
Post: bronchi/us
Sup: pulmonary aa.
Ant/inf: pulmonary vv.
Right lung has entrance of both eparteriole and hyparteriole bronchi.
Describe the innervation of the lungs.
The pulmonary plexus comprises parasympathetic (C.N. X) and sympathetic components.
Describe adult respiration in general terms of what changes the volume.
a. the diaphragm moves down
b. anterior (upper) thoracic wall moves anteriorly
c. lower (lateral ) thoracic wall moves laterally
