LWC6_Ch5 - Deck7_Advanced_Bhūmi_Realization_and_Spontaneous_Activity Flashcards
(300 cards)
1
Q
[8th Bhūmi]
What marks the entry into the 8th bhūmi (Acalā) in the Daśabhūmika Sūtra?
Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
Sanskrit: Acalā (‘Immovable’); 8th ground
A
The irreversible realization of non-conceptual wisdom and unimpeded activity grounded in śūnyatā.
The 8th bhūmi marks entry into irreversible realization and spontaneous activity.
Tibetan: མི་འགྱུར་པ་ (mi ‘gyur pa)
2
Q
[8th Bhūmi]
How is the 8th bhūmi bodhisattva described in the Madhyamakāvatāra?
Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
Sanskrit: Acalā (‘Immovable’); 8th ground
A
As unwavering like a mountain, having destroyed all conceptual proliferation regarding subject and object.
The 8th bhūmi marks entry into irreversible realization and spontaneous activity.
Tibetan: མི་འགྱུར་པ་ (mi ‘gyur pa)
3
Q
[8th Bhūmi]
What is meant by ‘unimpeded activity’ on the 8th bhūmi?
Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
Sanskrit: Acalā (‘Immovable’); 8th ground
A
Activity that arises spontaneously from wisdom, untainted by self-clinging or dualistic cognition.
The 8th bhūmi marks entry into irreversible realization and spontaneous activity.
Tibetan: མི་འགྱུར་པ་ (mi ‘gyur pa)
4
Q
[8th Bhūmi]
Why is the 8th bhūmi called ‘Immovable’ (Acalā)?
Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
Sanskrit: Acalā (‘Immovable’); 8th ground
A
Because the bodhisattva no longer regresses from the view of emptiness and acts effortlessly in accord with it.
The 8th bhūmi marks entry into irreversible realization and spontaneous activity.
Tibetan: མི་འགྱུར་པ་ (mi ‘gyur pa)
5
Q
[8th Bhūmi]
What transformation occurs in the nature of the kleśas upon reaching the 8th bhūmi?
Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
Sanskrit: Acalā (‘Immovable’); 8th ground
A
Obscurations to omniscience begin to be purified, and kleśas no longer arise in active form.
The 8th bhūmi marks entry into irreversible realization and spontaneous activity.
Tibetan: མི་འགྱུར་པ་ (mi ‘gyur pa)
6
Q
[8th Bhūmi]
How does Asaṅga’s Bodhisattvabhūmi describe the mind of an 8th bhūmi bodhisattva?
Describes transformative power of realization.
Sanskrit: Acalā (‘Immovable’); 8th ground
A
As a stream of cognition that functions without conceptual construction, fully absorbed in compassion and wisdom.
The 8th bhūmi marks entry into irreversible realization and spontaneous activity.
Tibetan: མི་འགྱུར་པ་ (mi ‘gyur pa)
7
Q
[8th Bhūmi]
What defines the difference between the 7th and 8th bhūmis according to the Daśabhūmika Vibhāṣā?
Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
Sanskrit: Acalā (‘Immovable’); 8th ground
A
The transition from effortful cultivation to effortless, spontaneous conduct informed by direct realization.
The 8th bhūmi marks entry into irreversible realization and spontaneous activity.
Tibetan: མི་འགྱུར་པ་ (mi ‘gyur pa)
8
Q
[8th Bhūmi]
What capacity begins on the 8th bhūmi in terms of emanation bodies?
Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
Sanskrit: Acalā (‘Immovable’); 8th ground
A
The bodhisattva can manifest limitless nirmāṇakāyas for the benefit of beings.
The 8th bhūmi marks entry into irreversible realization and spontaneous activity.
Tibetan: མི་འགྱུར་པ་ (mi ‘gyur pa)
9
Q
[8th Bhūmi]
How is time perceived by a bodhisattva on the 8th bhūmi?
Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
Sanskrit: Acalā (‘Immovable’); 8th ground
A
As a function of conventional designation; they abide in timeless awareness.
The 8th bhūmi marks entry into irreversible realization and spontaneous activity.
Tibetan: མི་འགྱུར་པ་ (mi ‘gyur pa)
10
Q
[8th Bhūmi]
What is the role of prajñā and upāya on the 8th bhūmi?
Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
Sanskrit: Acalā (‘Immovable’); 8th ground
A
They are seamlessly integrated, with activity arising non-dually from wisdom.
The 8th bhūmi marks entry into irreversible realization and spontaneous activity.
Tibetan: མི་འགྱུར་པ་ (mi ‘gyur pa)
11
Q
[8th Bhūmi]
What is the special quality of speech on the 8th bhūmi?
Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
Sanskrit: Acalā (‘Immovable’); 8th ground
A
The bodhisattva’s speech is universally comprehensible, adapted to each being’s language and capacity.
The 8th bhūmi marks entry into irreversible realization and spontaneous activity.
Tibetan: མི་འགྱུར་པ་ (mi ‘gyur pa)
12
Q
[8th Bhūmi]
How is the realization of emptiness stabilized on the 8th bhūmi?
Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
Sanskrit: Acalā (‘Immovable’); 8th ground
A
Through direct, non-conceptual realization that does not waver even in post-meditative activity.
The 8th bhūmi marks entry into irreversible realization and spontaneous activity.
Tibetan: མི་འགྱུར་པ་ (mi ‘gyur pa)
13
Q
[Advanced Bhūmi]
Why is the 9th bhūmi called ‘Excellent Intellect’ (Sādhumatī)?
Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
A
Because the bodhisattva possesses unhindered, effortless mastery of all forms of knowledge and reasoning.
From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
14
Q
[Advanced Bhūmi]
What is mastered on the 9th bhūmi according to Mipham Rinpoche?
Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
A
The complete range of the Buddha’s teachings and the ability to teach them skillfully.
From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
15
Q
[Advanced Bhūmi]
How does compassion deepen on the 9th bhūmi?
Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
A
It becomes omnipresent, automatically responsive, and inseparable from wisdom.
From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
16
Q
[Advanced Bhūmi]
What marks the bodhisattva’s ethical conduct on the 9th bhūmi?
Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
A
Flawless discipline sustained effortlessly without conscious intention.
From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
17
Q
[Advanced Bhūmi]
What quality of memory emerges on the 9th bhūmi?
Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
A
Perfect retention and recall of all sūtras, śāstras, and prior lives.
From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
18
Q
[Advanced Bhūmi]
What is the primary difference between the 8th and 9th bhūmis?
Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
A
The expansion of omniscient-like knowledge and teaching ability on the 9th.
From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
19
Q
[Advanced Bhūmi]
What simile is often used for a bodhisattva on the 9th bhūmi?
Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
A
Like a jewel that reflects the needs of all beings without bias.
From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
20
Q
[Advanced Bhūmi]
Why is the 10th bhūmi named ‘Cloud of Dharma’ (Dharmameghā)?
Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
A
Because the bodhisattva’s activity showers Dharma universally, like rain from a cloud.
From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
21
Q
[Advanced Bhūmi]
What occurs just before full buddhahood on the 10th bhūmi?
Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
A
The final purification of subtle cognitive obscurations and perfect fusion of all perfections.
From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
22
Q
[Advanced Bhūmi]
How does the bodhisattva’s conduct appear on the 10th bhūmi?
Describes transformative power of realization.
A
Completely effortless, boundless in scope, and mirroring the actions of a fully enlightened Buddha.
From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
23
Q
[Advanced Bhūmi]
What insight arises uniquely at the 10th bhūmi?
Describes transformative power of realization.
A
Direct perception of the total interdependence of all phenomena across all realms.
From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
24
Q
[Advanced Bhūmi]
What does the Daśabhūmika say about the bodhisattva’s light on the 10th bhūmi?
Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
A
It radiates in all directions, bringing clarity and insight to all beings.
From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
25
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does the bodhisattva’s identity shift on the 10th bhūmi?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
There is no sense of personal identity; all activity unfolds from non-dual compassion.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
26
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What function does 'mirror-like wisdom' serve on the 10th bhūmi?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
It reflects all phenomena without distortion, enabling perfect response.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
27
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How is non-abiding nirvāṇa described in the context of the 10th bhūmi?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
As full awakening without falling into either cyclic existence or quiescent cessation.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
28
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
Why does a 10th bhūmi bodhisattva have access to limitless buddha fields?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
Because karmic obscurations have been purified and spontaneous manifestation is unhindered.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
29
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is the role of samādhi on the higher bhūmis?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
It becomes naturally integrated into all activities; equipoise and post-equipoise are inseparable.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
30
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does Nāgārjuna describe the 10th bhūmi bodhisattva’s knowledge?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
As inseparable from emptiness, compassion, and skillful means.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
31
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What activity replaces intention-based action on the 10th bhūmi?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
Spontaneous, effortless activity arising from perfected wisdom.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
32
# [Yogācāra]
How does the Bodhisattvabhūmi characterize the ethical conduct of a 10th bhūmi bodhisattva?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
## Footnote
Source: Bodhisattvabhūmi, Yogācārabhūmi
Ethical conduct flows spontaneously from realized wisdom, not from rule-following.
| Yogācāra describes this phase as non-dual flow of cognition conjoined with means.
33
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is the metaphor of the Dharma cloud meant to convey?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
The boundless, nourishing, and impartial nature of the bodhisattva’s teaching activity.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
34
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does Candrakīrti define the conduct of a 10th bhūmi bodhisattva?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
As playfulness (līlā) that transcends intentional effort while benefiting beings.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
35
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
Why is teaching others seen as effortless at the 10th stage?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
Because insight, speech, and activity have become inseparable.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
36
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What types of siddhis (powers) become fully available on the 10th bhūmi?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
Miraculous abilities, divine hearing, divine sight, mind-reading, and multidimensional emanation.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
37
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How do such siddhis function in a Mahāyāna framework?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
As skillful means, never for self-aggrandizement.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
38
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What happens to dualistic perception on the 10th bhūmi?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
It has been fully relinquished; perception is non-dual, inclusive, and luminous.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
39
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What distinguishes 10th bhūmi compassion from earlier stages?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
It is fully matured, arising non-conceptually and boundlessly.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
40
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What role do karmic traces (vāsanās) play at this stage?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
They are utterly exhausted, eliminating even subtle tendencies.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
41
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is meant by the ‘Dharma Eye’ being perfected?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
Complete understanding and vision of all phenomena in their suchness.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
42
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
Why is a 10th bhūmi bodhisattva still not a buddha?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
Because subtle obscurations to omniscience remain until final transition.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
43
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is the nature of their realization of dependent origination?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
It encompasses all time, realms, and conditions without conceptual limitation.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
44
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is the bodhisattva’s relationship with saṃsāra on the 10th bhūmi?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
They operate within it freely, without being bound by it.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
45
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does the 10th bhūmi exemplify 'perfection of all perfections'?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
Each pāramitā is expressed at its absolute peak, inseparable from prajñā.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
46
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What allows the 10th bhūmi bodhisattva to see all karmic connections?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
Their omniscient-like cognition perceives interdependent conditions across lifetimes.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
47
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is the bodhisattva’s response to suffering on the 10th bhūmi?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
Immediate, appropriate, and without personal bias or conceptual mediation.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
48
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is said about their endurance (kṣānti)?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
It is limitless and unshakable, grounded in direct vision of emptiness.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
49
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What term is used in the Laṅkāvatāra to describe their activity?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
‘Sahaja-upāya’ – spontaneous skill-in-means.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
50
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How do they engage with those who deny the Dharma?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
With compassion, clarity, and means suited to those individuals’ dispositions.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
51
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does the Avataṃsaka Sūtra describe a bodhisattva's voice on the 10th bhūmi?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
It resounds throughout infinite worlds, tuned to beings’ capacities.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
52
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What does 'inexhaustible activity' mean at this stage?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
Activity arises without fatigue, effort, or loss, sustained by vast merit and wisdom.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
53
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does Tsongkhapa define the 'mental body' of a 10th bhūmi bodhisattva?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
As a subtle, luminous form unimpeded by physicality, capable of boundless emanation.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
54
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is the relationship between time and realization at this level?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
Time is transcended—past, present, and future are seen as co-arising.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
55
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
Why is the 10th bhūmi called 'Cloud of Dharma'?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
Because like a rain cloud, the bodhisattva showers the Dharma universally.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
56
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What happens to the 'two truths' in the cognition of the 10th bhūmi?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
They are realized as non-dual; convention and ultimate are seamlessly integrated.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
57
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does a bodhisattva view defilements on the 10th bhūmi?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
As illusory appearances without inherent existence, yet responded to with compassion.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
58
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What characterizes their wisdom at this stage?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
All-accomplishing, mirror-like, and non-conceptual insight into dependent origination.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
59
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What does the Vimalakīrti Sūtra say about the activity of such bodhisattvas?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
They liberate beings through silence, gestures, or play—without conventional teaching.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
60
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What kind of suffering does a 10th bhūmi bodhisattva still experience?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
None conventionally, though they may manifest suffering to teach others.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
61
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How do they respond to praise or blame?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
With perfect equanimity, free from self-reference.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
62
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What do 'inconceivable deeds' (acintya-kriyā) refer to?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
Actions that surpass conceptual understanding, arising from nondual realization.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
63
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What does 'one taste of saṃsāra and nirvāṇa' mean here?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
No essential distinction remains—both are expressions of suchness.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
64
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
Why is their compassion said to be 'beyond reference'?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
Because it is not directed by ego, but arises from direct knowledge of emptiness.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
65
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How do they engage in vast projects for sentient beings?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
Without clinging, delay, or exhaustion—guided by spontaneous wisdom.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
66
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does the Daśabhūmika Sūtra symbolize their realization?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
As the rising of a great sun dispelling all obscuration.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
67
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is meant by 'Buddha conduct without attainment'?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
Acting as a Buddha would, though technically still on the path.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
68
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
Why is their insight likened to a wish-fulfilling gem?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
Because it perfectly meets the needs of all beings, instantly.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
69
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How is speech transformed at this level?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
Into boundless Dharma speech, adapted to each listener.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
70
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What are their perceptions of other beings like?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
Infinitely detailed, yet held without grasping or duality.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
71
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What metaphor does Mipham use for their responsiveness?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
Like the moon reflected in many waters, appearing uniquely to each.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
72
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
Why do they teach without attachment to outcome?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
Because they know the play of karma and emptiness.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
73
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is the status of doubt or hesitation at this stage?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
Completely absent; realization is direct and unwavering.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
74
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
Why is their activity described as non-obstructive?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
Because it arises without conflict, conceptual deliberation, or hindrance.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
75
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What transition lies beyond the 10th bhūmi?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
Entrance into buddhahood through a final purification of knowledge-obscurations.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
76
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What does 'anabhisaṃskāra' mean in the Mahāyāna context?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
It refers to activity that is uncontrived, spontaneous, and free from deliberative construction.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
77
# [Spontaneous Activity]
Why is spontaneous activity considered a hallmark of the advanced bodhisattva path?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
Because wisdom and compassion operate effortlessly and without premeditation.
| On the 8th bhūmi and beyond, conduct flows effortlessly from prajñā–upāya union.
78
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How is anabhisaṃskāra different from ordinary unmindful spontaneity?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
It arises from deep realization and non-duality, not from ignorance or habit.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
79
# [Spontaneous Activity]
What role does śūnyatā play in spontaneous activity?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
Activity arises free from conceptual elaboration, grounded in the direct realization of emptiness.
| On the 8th bhūmi and beyond, conduct flows effortlessly from prajñā–upāya union.
80
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does the Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra characterize such activity?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
As free from duality, arising from the storehouse consciousness yet undefiled.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
81
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
Why is deliberate ethical reasoning no longer necessary?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
Because conduct spontaneously accords with dharma, informed by direct insight.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
82
# [Spontaneous Activity]
What is the Yogācāra interpretation of spontaneous activity?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
It emerges from purified ālayavijñāna and manifests as compassion inseparable from wisdom.
| On the 8th bhūmi and beyond, conduct flows effortlessly from prajñā–upāya union.
83
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What metaphor is used in the Avataṃsaka Sūtra for this kind of activity?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
Like a musical instrument played by the wind—sound arises without personal agency.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
84
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What distinguishes a 10th bhūmi bodhisattva's compassion from earlier stages?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
It is immediate, all-encompassing, and free from subject-object duality.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
85
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
Why is such activity described as 'play' (līlā)?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
Because it arises with ease, joy, and boundlessness, unimpeded by self-reference.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
86
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does the Madhyamakāvatāra explain the root of this spontaneity?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
Through non-affirming negation and the abandonment of all proliferations.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
87
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is the relationship between anabhisaṃskāra and bodhicitta?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
It is bodhicitta perfected—active without effort, conceptualization, or obstruction.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
88
# [Spontaneous Activity]
How does spontaneous action affect the recipient of a bodhisattva’s aid?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
It meets their needs precisely, even across realms, due to omnipresent awareness.
| On the 8th bhūmi and beyond, conduct flows effortlessly from prajñā–upāya union.
89
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What does 'non-dwelling activity' mean?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
Actions that leave no karmic trace and arise from non-abiding awareness.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
90
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
In what way is spontaneity related to the non-duality of saṃsāra and nirvāṇa?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
Activity no longer discriminates between realms—it is a seamless continuum.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
91
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What does it mean to 'not act' yet to engage in vast conduct?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
The bodhisattva acts without an actor, fulfilling the needs of beings without grasping.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
92
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How is this expressed in the metaphor of the sun?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
The sun shines impartially and without intent, yet benefits all.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
93
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
Why is anabhisaṃskāra said to transcend karma?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
Because such activity does not create future rebirth or karmic binding.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
94
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How do beings perceive this activity?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
As miraculous, timely, and perfectly suited—even though it arises without deliberation.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
95
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What does the Ghanavyūha metaphor add to our understanding?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
It likens the bodhisattva’s activity to rain from a cloud—universally beneficial.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
96
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does the mind remain untainted despite constant engagement?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
Due to realization of non-self and absence of clinging.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
97
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is meant by 'no actor, no act, no object' in this context?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
Activity proceeds without reifying any of the three conceptual bases.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
98
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does Candrakīrti describe conduct based on nondual realization?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
As unrestricted like the wind, moving where needed without resistance.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
99
# [Spontaneous Activity]
How does spontaneous conduct manifest across realms?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
Through emanations, dreams, thoughts, and visions suited to each being.
| On the 8th bhūmi and beyond, conduct flows effortlessly from prajñā–upāya union.
100
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What safeguards spontaneity from error?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
Unerring wisdom, born from direct realization of the nature of reality.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
101
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What does it mean to 'exhaust all conceptual fabrications' in this context?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
The bodhisattva acts without mental construction, relying on direct gnosis.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
102
# [Spontaneous Activity]
How does spontaneous activity differ from instinctual action?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
Instinct arises from ignorance; spontaneous action arises from awakened wisdom.
| On the 8th bhūmi and beyond, conduct flows effortlessly from prajñā–upāya union.
103
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What role does mindfulness play when activity is uncontrived?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
It is seamlessly present, not fabricated—like breathing in deep meditative equipoise.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
104
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
Why is this conduct said to be both 'empty and full'?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
Empty of self-reference, full of skillful means and benefit to beings.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
105
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does the Śrīmālādevī Sūtra support this concept?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
By affirming that the tathāgatagarbha naturally expresses boundless activity.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
106
# [Spontaneous Activity]
What makes spontaneous action sustainable over infinite lifetimes?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
Because it draws from inexhaustible merit, not egoic will.
| On the 8th bhūmi and beyond, conduct flows effortlessly from prajñā–upāya union.
107
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How is 'effortless' defined in this Mahāyāna usage?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
Absence of mental strain, decision, or calculation—action flows without tension.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
108
# [Spontaneous Activity]
In what sense is spontaneous action non-linear?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
It’s unbound by cause-effect sequencing; it arises in resonance with the whole.
| On the 8th bhūmi and beyond, conduct flows effortlessly from prajñā–upāya union.
109
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
Why is spontaneity associated with liṅga-less compassion?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
Because it transcends subject-object distinctions and gendered dualism.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
110
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does this activity embody the unity of upāya and prajñā?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
Skillful means and wisdom are no longer separable—they arise simultaneously.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
111
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is the function of vows in such a state?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
Vows become self-fulfilling expressions of realized truth.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
112
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does the bodhisattva know what to do without thought?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
By unobstructed awareness of all beings’ minds and karmic tendencies.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
113
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
Why does this activity appear magical to ordinary beings?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
Because it transcends conceptual norms, causality, and spatial limits.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
114
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is the benefit of such action being free from attachment to result?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
It ensures purity of motivation and protects against karmic entanglement.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
115
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What does 'activity as reflection' mean in the Avataṃsaka context?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
Like the moon on water—activity appears wherever beings are, without altering itself.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
116
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
Why is spontaneity not chaotic?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
Because it is guided by nondual wisdom and unerring compassion.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
117
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is 'compassion without conceiving of beings'?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
Helping others without grasping at self, other, or action.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
118
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How is non-conceptual action more precise?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
It responds directly to reality, unclouded by discursive distortion.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
119
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How is such action experienced from the bodhisattva’s perspective?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
As playful, boundless, and without the sense of ‘doing’.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
120
# [Spontaneous Activity]
How do teachings emerge spontaneously at this level?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
Like echoes—resonating in response to beings’ readiness.
| On the 8th bhūmi and beyond, conduct flows effortlessly from prajñā–upāya union.
121
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How is spontaneity maintained in conventional settings?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
By skillfully mirroring context without clinging to it.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
122
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What does it mean to be 'free from behavioral constructs'?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
Actions are not scripted but arise moment to moment in attunement.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
123
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
Why is a bodhisattva’s spontaneity considered supreme among vehicles?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
Because it embodies the culmination of both śrāvaka and pratyekabuddha perfections.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
124
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does non-grasping affect continuity of conduct?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
It allows unbroken compassionate engagement without burnout.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
125
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is the final fruit of anabhisaṃskāra conduct?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
Effortless buddhahood: complete realization inseparable from universal benefit.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
126
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does the bodhisattva avoid attachment to the miracle-like aspects of their actions?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
Through emptiness-view and non-abiding in self, others, or accomplishments.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
127
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
Why are these actions said to be 'like illusions' in the Prajñāpāramitā literature?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
Because they appear without inherent existence, like dreams or mirages.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
128
# [Spontaneous Activity]
How is joy (muditā) implicated in spontaneous conduct?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
It arises naturally as the flavor of selfless activity benefiting others.
| On the 8th bhūmi and beyond, conduct flows effortlessly from prajñā–upāya union.
129
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does the bodhisattva remain fully engaged yet free from clinging?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
Through the non-dual realization that severs attachment to agent, act, and result.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
130
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is the significance of the phrase 'unborn yet manifesting'?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
It points to activity that arises dependently yet is empty of essence.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
131
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How do such actions guide beings across vast time scales?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
They function as seeds, visions, or karmic influences, spanning lifetimes.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
132
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What protects this activity from becoming merely performative or ritualized?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
It springs from genuine realization, not form or convention.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
133
# [Spontaneous Activity]
How do spontaneous acts differ from ethical codes?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
They are fluid, context-responsive, and guided by direct wisdom, not rules.
| On the 8th bhūmi and beyond, conduct flows effortlessly from prajñā–upāya union.
134
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does this mode of activity interface with śamatha and vipaśyanā?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
They are integrated; the mind is still and clear, giving rise to precise action.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
135
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
Why is this conduct said to be 'natural virtue'?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
Because it arises effortlessly from awakened qualities, not imposition.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
136
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What does Tsongkhapa say about the union of method and wisdom here?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
They become indistinguishable—conduct is direct expression of insight.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
137
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How is non-abiding nirvāṇa compatible with dynamic compassion?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
Because the realization of emptiness does not negate but empowers action.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
138
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is meant by 'freedom from signs' (animitta) in activity?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
Actions are not tied to forms, concepts, or intentional markers.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
139
# [Spontaneous Activity]
What ensures appropriateness of speech in spontaneous response?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
Unimpeded awareness of beings’ dispositions, needs, and karmic inclinations.
| On the 8th bhūmi and beyond, conduct flows effortlessly from prajñā–upāya union.
140
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does this activity serve beings in subtle, invisible ways?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
Through blessings, dreams, inspirations, and shifts in perception.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
141
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What does it mean that such action leaves 'no karmic residue'?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
It is done without clinging or self-reference, and thus does not bind.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
142
# [Spontaneous Activity]
How does the perfection of vow (praṇidhāna) relate to spontaneous action?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
Vows become the ground from which all uncontrived actions arise.
| On the 8th bhūmi and beyond, conduct flows effortlessly from prajñā–upāya union.
143
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What do the ten powers (daśabala) contribute to spontaneity?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
They enable flawless discernment in action, ensuring efficacy and compassion.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
144
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How is spontaneity protected from moral ambiguity?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
By the bodhisattva’s complete ethical training and perfected wisdom.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
145
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
Why is such action described as 'the display of the dharmakāya'?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
Because it is the manifestation of the formless in forms, benefitting beings.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
146
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does the fire analogy illustrate this conduct?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
Like fire gives heat without intention, the bodhisattva’s wisdom radiates benefit.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
147
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is meant by the 'effortless conduct of non-effort'?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
That activity unfolds without striving or deliberation, in harmony with dharma.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
148
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does this mode of being resolve tension between retreat and engagement?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
There is no division—stillness and action merge through realization.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
149
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What kind of faith does such activity inspire?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
Faith rooted in awe, clarity, and intuitive recognition of truth.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
150
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is the ultimate result of cultivating anabhisaṃskāra conduct?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
A seamless path to full awakening, unimpeded and universally beneficial.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
151
# [Spontaneous Activity]
How does the bodhisattva's spontaneous activity adapt to language and culture?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
It manifests in forms intelligible to beings, while remaining rooted in emptiness.
| On the 8th bhūmi and beyond, conduct flows effortlessly from prajñā–upāya union.
152
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What role does non-fabricated compassion (anabhisaṃskāra-karuṇā) play in this process?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
It drives activity that is instinctively attuned to others’ needs without bias.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
153
# [Spontaneous Activity]
How does the Buddha’s silence in some suttas relate to spontaneous action?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
It can reflect direct transmission beyond words—non-verbal upāya.
| On the 8th bhūmi and beyond, conduct flows effortlessly from prajñā–upāya union.
154
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
Why is the metaphor of a musical instrument often used in this context?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
The realized mind is like a perfectly tuned instrument—activity is resonance.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
155
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How is the notion of 'emptiness-born' (śūnyatā-jāta) conduct different from reaction?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
It arises from wisdom, not reactivity or habitual conditioning.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
156
# [Spontaneous Activity]
What does the Mahāyānasūtrālaṃkāra say about spontaneous activity?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
It praises activity that arises from the union of compassion and insight.
| On the 8th bhūmi and beyond, conduct flows effortlessly from prajñā–upāya union.
157
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
Why does this conduct appear paradoxical—simultaneously active and inactive?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
Because action occurs without actor; effort without effort.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
158
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How is spontaneity related to the eighth bhūmi’s freedom from affliction?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
With kleśas removed, conduct flows unimpeded, luminous, and unentangled.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
159
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What does 'liberated in the field of signs' (nimitta-vimukta) mean?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
Freed from form and concept, yet able to use them skillfully.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
160
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How is the body of a bodhisattva on high bhūmis described in this context?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
As a field of spontaneous emanation, not confined by physicality.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
161
# [Spontaneous Activity]
What protects spontaneous conduct from misunderstanding by others?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
Its purity of intention and harmony with the true needs of beings.
| On the 8th bhūmi and beyond, conduct flows effortlessly from prajñā–upāya union.
162
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How do teachings on tathāgatagarbha support this vision of conduct?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
They affirm innate buddha-nature naturally radiates enlightened activity.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
163
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is the relationship between spontaneity and non-dual gnosis?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
They are inseparable—gnosis becomes activity.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
164
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does the 10th bhūmi’s 'cloud of dharma' (dharmamegha) relate to this?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
It symbolizes spontaneous bestowal of teachings like rain on parched beings.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
165
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What makes this conduct beyond karma?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
It is unconditioned by ignorance, intention, or self-view.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
166
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What insight allows the bodhisattva to act without hesitation?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
Direct cognition of interdependence and karmic ripening.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
167
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How is this connected to the notion of 'play' (līlā)?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
Enlightened activity is free, joyous, and unburdened by compulsion.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
168
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What does the Samdhinirmocana Sūtra say about nonconceptual action?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
It identifies nonconceptual wisdom as the ground for inconceivable activity.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
169
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does such activity differ from magical display?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
It is not for spectacle but genuine liberation.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
170
# [Spontaneous Activity]
What qualities ensure that spontaneous actions benefit others?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
Omniscient discernment and boundless compassion.
| On the 8th bhūmi and beyond, conduct flows effortlessly from prajñā–upāya union.
171
# [Spontaneous Activity]
How is time perceived in spontaneous conduct?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
The bodhisattva acts in synchronicity with karmic necessity, not linearity.
| On the 8th bhūmi and beyond, conduct flows effortlessly from prajñā–upāya union.
172
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
Why is such action 'without exhaustion'?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
Because it draws from boundless wisdom and merit, not personal reserves.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
173
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does the Avataṃsaka depict this mode of activity?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
As inexhaustible emanations arising from the bodhisattva’s vows.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
174
# [Spontaneous Activity]
What is the culmination of spontaneous activity?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
Complete buddhahood that radiates unobstructed benefit in all worlds.
| On the 8th bhūmi and beyond, conduct flows effortlessly from prajñā–upāya union.
175
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
Why is this considered the highest form of bodhisattva practice?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
Because it unites realization, compassion, and action without remainder.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
176
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is the central meaning of 'tathāgatagarbha' in Mahāyāna?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
It refers to the innate potential for buddhahood present in all beings.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
177
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does tathāgatagarbha theory avoid eternalism while affirming buddha-nature?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
By teaching that this nature is empty of self but full of qualities.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
178
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What key text articulates the union of tathāgatagarbha and compassion?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
The Śrīmālādevī Siṃhanāda Sūtra.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
179
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does tathāgatagarbha relate to nondual compassion?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
It affirms that wisdom and compassion are inseparable in the enlightened mind.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
180
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
Why is buddha-nature described as 'naturally pure'?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
Because its obscurations are adventitious, not intrinsic.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
181
# [Yogācāra]
How do the Yogācāra and Madhyamaka traditions interpret buddha-nature differently?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
## Footnote
Source: Bodhisattvabhūmi, Yogācārabhūmi
Yogācāra sees it as potential consciousness; Madhyamaka as emptiness itself.
| Yogācāra describes this phase as non-dual flow of cognition conjoined with means.
182
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does the Ratnagotravibhāga describe tathāgatagarbha?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
As the luminous essence concealed by temporary defilements.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
183
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is the role of great compassion (mahākaruṇā) in buddha-nature?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
It is the dynamic expression of tathāgatagarbha in action.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
184
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
Why is nondual compassion considered effortless?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
Because it arises spontaneously from wisdom free of self-reference.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
185
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What metaphor is used for tathāgatagarbha in the Mahāyāna sūtras?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
A treasure hidden in a filthy cloth or a lotus blooming from mud.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
186
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How is nondual compassion different from emotional empathy?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
It is grounded in wisdom and does not grasp at self or other.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
187
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
Why does the Śrīmālādevī Sūtra emphasize the 'one vehicle' (ekayāna)?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
To assert that all beings can realize buddha-nature through nondual wisdom.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
188
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What protects buddha-nature doctrine from reification?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
Its identification with emptiness and non-conceptual awareness.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
189
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does compassion without duality manifest in conduct?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
Through uncontrived acts that adapt to beings’ needs without bias.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
190
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What does it mean to say tathāgatagarbha is 'not a self, yet not nothing'?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
It avoids nihilism and eternalism by affirming luminous potential.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
191
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How is the lion’s roar metaphor significant in Śrīmālā’s sūtra?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
It represents fearless proclamation of universal buddha-nature.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
192
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does Mipham interpret buddha-nature in the Nyingma view?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
As the unity of emptiness and clarity inseparable from great compassion.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
193
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is the connection between ultimate bodhicitta and tathāgatagarbha?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
Ultimate bodhicitta is the direct realization of buddha-nature.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
194
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How do defilements obscure buddha-nature?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
Like clouds obscure the sun—temporarily, not inherently.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
195
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What does the Avataṃsaka Sūtra say about the universality of buddha-nature?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
That all beings possess it and may awaken through dedication and insight.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
196
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How is nondual compassion cultivated?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
Through the union of śamatha and vipaśyanā on emptiness and interdependence.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
197
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What does Tsongkhapa say about the inseparability of wisdom and compassion?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
They are two aspects of the same realization, not sequential attainments.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
198
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
Why is tathāgatagarbha not merely a metaphor?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
Because it is ontologically grounded in emptiness and luminosity.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
199
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What role does the practice of the six pāramitās play in manifesting buddha-nature?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
They purify obscurations and actualize its inherent qualities.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
200
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How is the radiance of buddha-nature expressed?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
As spontaneous, tireless compassion illuminating the world.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
201
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does the notion of 'sugatagarbha' relate to tathÄ_x0081_gatagarbha?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
They are synonymous in many texts, both referring to the buddha potential.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
202
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is the risk of misinterpreting buddha-nature as a self?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
It can lead to eternalist views unless its emptiness is understood.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
203
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How is buddha-nature depicted in the MahÄ_x0081_yÄ_x0081_na MahÄ_x0081_parinirvÄ_x0081_á¹_x0087_a SÅ«tra?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
As eternal, joyful, pure, and self-likeâ_x0080__x0094_symbolically indicating qualities.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
204
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What role do the ten bhūmis play in uncovering buddha-nature?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
Each stage removes obscurations, revealing its inherent clarity.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
205
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does the RatnagotravibhÄ_x0081_ga refute nihilism?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
By asserting a luminous nature beyond conceptual emptiness.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
206
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is the function of nondual awareness (advaya-jñÄ_x0081_na) in this context?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
It is the cognitive mode of an awakened mind that sees no subject-object divide.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
207
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
Why is nonduality considered essential to MahÄ_x0081_yÄ_x0081_na compassion?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
Because compassion without self-other duality is free from bias and fatigue.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
208
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does buddha-nature operate before enlightenment?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
As a potential obscured by adventitious defilements.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
209
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does it operate after enlightenment?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
As spontaneously present wisdom and boundless compassion.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
210
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is the significance of the metaphor of the jewel in a soiled garment?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
It illustrates how buddha-nature remains pure despite defilements.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
211
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does the Å_x009a_iká¹£Ä_x0081_samuccaya view buddha-nature in relation to conduct?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
It upholds it as the ethical ground of bodhisattva activity.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
212
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is the connection between bodhicitta and buddha-nature in Å_x009a_Ä_x0081_ntideva?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
Bodhicitta is the intentional awakening of the nature already present.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
213
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
Why does NÄ_x0081_gÄ_x0081_rjuna avoid using the term 'buddha-nature' explicitly?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
To prevent reification; his focus is on emptiness and dependent origination.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
214
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How do modern interpretations reconcile science and buddha-nature?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
By viewing it as an emergent potential in conscious systems for awakening.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
215
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What does nonduality imply for ethical impartiality?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
That one helps others as spontaneously as oneâ_x0080__x0099_s own body.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
216
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does the MahÄ_x0081_yÄ_x0081_nasÅ«trÄ_x0081_laá¹_x0083_kÄ_x0081_ra treat the issue of innate qualities?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
It distinguishes between potential (gotra) and actualized wisdom.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
217
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does the 'womb of the TathÄ_x0081_gata' support universal liberation?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
It affirms all beings can attain awakening regardless of current state.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
218
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What practice is emphasized to unveil buddha-nature?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
Non-conceptual meditation on emptiness and compassion.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
219
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How is the mirror metaphor used in this tradition?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
The mind is like a mirrorâ_x0080__x0094_when wiped clean, it reflects reality.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
220
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How is nondual compassion different from stoic detachment?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
It remains affective and engaged, yet free from clinging.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
221
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
Why does the Vimalakīrti Sūtra stress silence and nonduality?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
To show that ultimate wisdom is beyond discursive elaboration.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
222
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does the Avataá¹_x0083_saka portray bodhisattvas acting from buddha-nature?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
As spontaneously manifesting infinite beneficial activities.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
223
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What protects nondual compassion from becoming passive?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
Its inseparability from wisdom ensures effective engagement.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
224
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is the role of vows (praá¹_x0087_idhÄ_x0081_na) in expressing buddha-nature?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
They direct this innate quality toward the liberation of all beings.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
225
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is the ultimate fruit of realizing buddha-nature?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
Unobstructed omniscience and effortless compassionate conduct.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
226
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does realization of buddha-nature transform perception?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
It eliminates dualistic grasping and reveals all appearances as expressions of wisdom.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
227
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How is tathÄ_x0081_gatagarbha related to the concept of dharmakÄ_x0081_ya?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
It is the basis for the dharmakÄ_x0081_ya, the truth body of a buddha.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
228
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
Why is the mind said to be 'luminous' in the MahÄ_x0081_yÄ_x0081_na tradition?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
Because its nature is clear, knowing, and unstained by defilements.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
229
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What simile does the Laá¹_x0085_kÄ_x0081_vatÄ_x0081_ra SÅ«tra use for tathÄ_x0081_gatagarbha?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
A womb or seed that contains the full potential for buddhahood.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
230
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is the function of non-abiding nirvÄ_x0081_á¹_x0087_a in this context?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
It represents awakening that does not withdraw from saá¹_x0083_sÄ_x0081_ra but engages it.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
231
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is the significance of the moon reflected in water metaphor?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
It illustrates the union of appearance and emptiness in buddha activity.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
232
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does buddha-nature accommodate karmic conditioning?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
By being untainted by karma yet allowing its purification.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
233
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What does it mean that buddha-nature is 'empty of other' (gzhan stong)?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
It is devoid of defilements but not of luminous qualities.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
234
# [Spontaneous Activity]
How is spontaneous presence (lhun grub) linked to buddha-nature?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
It reflects the effortless unfolding of enlightened activity.
| On the 8th bhūmi and beyond, conduct flows effortlessly from prajñā–upāya union.
235
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does buddha-nature relate to the two truths?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
It is the union of ultimate truth (emptiness) and conventional truth (compassionate expression).
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
236
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What does it mean to say all beings are 'embryonic buddhas'?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
They possess the full potential for awakening within.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
237
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does nonduality affect the bodhisattva's view of self and others?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
It dissolves the distinction, leading to selfless service.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
238
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What role does purity (viÅ_x009b_uddhi) play in buddha-nature doctrine?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
It describes the inherently undefiled nature of mind.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
239
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How is the process of 'clearing away adventitious stains' understood?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
Through ethical conduct, meditation, and wisdom.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
240
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
Why is buddha-nature said to be inconceivable?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
Because it transcends concepts, language, and dualistic thinking.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
241
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How do the five wisdoms (pañca-jñÄ_x0081_na) relate to tathÄ_x0081_gatagarbha?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
They are its fully realized expressions in awakened mind.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
242
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
Why is tathÄ_x0081_gatagarbha not reducible to the Ä_x0081_layavijñÄ_x0081_na?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
Because it transcends karmic imprints and dualistic consciousness.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
243
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does one verify buddha-nature experientially?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
Through direct realization in deep meditative equipoise.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
244
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How do the perfections (pÄ_x0081_ramitÄ_x0081_s) support uncovering tathÄ_x0081_gatagarbha?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
They purify obscurations and cultivate its luminous qualities.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
245
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
Why is bodhicitta said to arise naturally from buddha-nature?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
Because compassion is intrinsic to its awakened presence.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
246
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does Mipham define the indivisibility of emptiness and clarity?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
As the ground of both wisdom and spontaneous compassionate activity.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
247
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How do tantric traditions reinterpret buddha-nature?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
As the union of bliss and emptiness present in the subtle body.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
248
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How is the practice of guru yoga linked to realization of buddha-nature?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
It awakens oneâ_x0080__x0099_s own nature by recognizing it in the guru.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
249
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does buddha-nature guide ethical behavior?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
By revealing that harming others obscures oneâ_x0080__x0099_s own clarity.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
250
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does nondual compassion manifest in everyday situations?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
As spontaneous responsiveness unhindered by self-interest.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
251
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is the implication of 'all beings possess buddha-nature'?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
It affirms the universality of awakening and ethical respect for all.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
252
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does the Śrīmālādevī Sūtra affirm buddha-nature?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
By declaring it eternal, indestructible, and the basis of liberation.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
253
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
Why is the 'womb' metaphor important in tathāgatagarbha theory?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
It conveys the hidden presence of awakened qualities within defilements.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
254
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What does the term 'gotra' signify in this context?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
It denotes the spiritual lineage or capacity for awakening.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
255
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does nondual wisdom differ from intellectual understanding?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
It arises through direct, non-conceptual realization beyond thought.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
256
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What prevents realization of tathāgatagarbha?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
Cognitive and afflictive obscurations, including self-grasping.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
257
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does compassion deepen through realization of buddha-nature?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
It becomes boundless, spontaneous, and free from dualistic bias.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
258
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does the idea of buddha-nature support social ethics?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
By affirming the dignity and potential of every being.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
259
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What role does 'mirror-like wisdom' play in this framework?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
It reflects all phenomena impartially without distortion.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
260
# [Yogācāra]
How is tathāgatagarbha described in Yogācāra texts?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
## Footnote
Source: Bodhisattvabhūmi, Yogācārabhūmi
As an ultimate support for transformation into buddhahood.
| Yogācāra describes this phase as non-dual flow of cognition conjoined with means.
261
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is meant by the 'indestructible seed' (avyākṛta-bīja)?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
The unceasing potential for awakening that remains despite karma.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
262
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does the view of buddha-nature shape one’s attitude toward suffering beings?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
With reverence and confidence in their future awakening.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
263
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is the difference between tathāgatagarbha and ālayavijñāna in Mahāyāna?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
The former is pure and ultimate, the latter conditioned and tainted.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
264
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does nondual insight undermine egocentric clinging?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
By revealing the illusory nature of self and subject-object structures.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
265
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is the meaning of 'non-duality of saṃsāra and nirvāṇa'?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
They are not separate realms but dependently designated appearances.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
266
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How is buddha-nature maintained through lifetimes?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
It remains as the enduring continuity of potential despite rebirth.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
267
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How do beings of different faculties access tathāgatagarbha?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
Through practices suited to their dispositions—faith, meditation, or wisdom.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
268
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does faith (śraddhā) aid in realizing buddha-nature?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
By opening the heart and mind to possibilities beyond conceptual mind.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
269
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does nondual compassion manifest in the conduct of a bodhisattva?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
As fearless, impartial aid to others grounded in wisdom.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
270
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does the Avataṃsaka Sūtra’s vision of interpenetration relate to buddha-nature?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
It reflects the inseparability of all phenomena and awakened mind.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
271
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What role does mindfulness play in uncovering buddha-nature?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
It clears obscurations and stabilizes recognition of innate clarity.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
272
# [Integration]
How does the integration of śūnyatā and karuṇā reveal tathāgatagarbha?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
## Footnote
Key theme in Mahāyāna integration of method and wisdom
By showing it as both empty of self and full of compassionate responsiveness.
| The two accumulations (prajñā and upāya) coalesce in activity on these bhūmis.
273
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is the final fruit of realizing nonduality?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
Unobstructed wisdom-activity free from the extremes of saṃsāra or quiescence.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
274
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does one live from the recognition of buddha-nature?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
With humility, clarity, and tireless compassionate action.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
275
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
Why is buddha-nature called 'naturally pure'?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
Because its defilements are adventitious, not intrinsic.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
276
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How is the activity of a 10th-bhūmi bodhisattva described in terms of effort?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
It is spontaneous (anābhoga), arising effortlessly from perfected wisdom and compassion.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
277
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is meant by the 'nonconceptual compass' of a buddha's activity?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
It refers to the unobstructed, all-encompassing functioning of omniscient compassion without dualistic reference points.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
278
# [8th Bhūmi]
Why is a bodhisattva’s action said to be 'playful' (līlā) after the 8th bhūmi?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
## Footnote
Sanskrit: Acalā (‘Immovable’); 8th ground
Because it arises from a freedom beyond conceptual fabrication, like a dance of wisdom.
| The 8th bhūmi marks entry into irreversible realization and spontaneous activity.
## Footnote
Tibetan: མི་འགྱུར་པ་ (*mi 'gyur pa*)
279
# [Spontaneous Activity]
How does Candrakīrti explain the compatibility of spontaneous activity with conventional means?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
He notes that through deep habituation, all conduct becomes automatic yet harmonized with the needs of beings.
| On the 8th bhūmi and beyond, conduct flows effortlessly from prajñā–upāya union.
280
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
In Mipham's interpretation, how does luminous mind guide post-bhūmi conduct?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
It acts as the radiance of emptiness inseparable from compassion, manifesting as skillful means.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
281
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does the Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra characterize the activity of a buddha?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
As neither dependent on discursive thought nor disconnected from the needs of sentient beings.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
282
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What analogy does the Avataṃsaka Sūtra use for the freedom of a tenth-bhūmi bodhisattva?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
It compares such a bodhisattva to a moon reflected in all waters, illuminating all beings without effort.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
283
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How is speech transformed on the 10th bhūmi?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
Speech becomes inexhaustible Dharma, tailored to each listener without conceptual construction.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
284
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What marks the completion of the tenth bhūmi according to Tsongkhapa?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
The complete abandonment of all obscurations and the direct preparation for buddhahood.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
285
# [Yogācāra]
How do Yogācāra texts portray the transition from bhūmi to full buddhahood?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
## Footnote
Source: Bodhisattvabhūmi, Yogācārabhūmi
As the perfection of the three kāyas: dharma, sambhoga, and nirmāṇa, arising from nondual realization.
| Yogācāra describes this phase as non-dual flow of cognition conjoined with means.
286
# [Spontaneous Activity]
What is the significance of the term 'unimpeded activity' in the Samdhinirmocana Sūtra?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
It denotes boundless, appropriate action arising from perfect understanding of interdependence.
| On the 8th bhūmi and beyond, conduct flows effortlessly from prajñā–upāya union.
287
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
Why does the tenth bhūmi surpass prior stages in purity?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
Because it integrates all perfections without remainder and dissolves the subtlest self-clinging.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
288
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does the Vimalakīrti Sūtra depict the conduct of realized beings?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
As acting without acting — a nondual dynamic where emptiness and compassion are unified.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
289
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What role does prayer (praṇidhāna) continue to play even on the 10th bhūmi?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
It serves as a means of directing inexhaustible compassionate intention toward all realms.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
290
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
In what way is the tenth bhūmi linked to the perfection of upāya?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
It represents the culmination of all skillful means, performed spontaneously and universally.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
291
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How is causality reinterpreted at the level of final realization?
| Refers to Yogācāra and Madhyamaka synthesis.
Not as linear causation but as dynamic appearance within interdependent emptiness.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
292
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What is meant by the 'equality of saṃsāra and nirvāṇa' in final bodhisattva stages?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
It is the nonduality where both are seen as dependently arisen and empty, hence equal in essence.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
293
# [Spontaneous Activity]
How does the Abhidharmasamuccaya distinguish spontaneous action from habitual karma?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
Spontaneous action arises from wisdom beyond ignorance, not from karmic seeds.
| On the 8th bhūmi and beyond, conduct flows effortlessly from prajñā–upāya union.
294
# [Yogācāra]
What is the nature of compassion post-awakening according to Asaṅga?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
## Footnote
Source: Bodhisattvabhūmi, Yogācārabhūmi
It is boundless, effortless, and perfectly responsive, inseparable from wisdom.
| Yogācāra describes this phase as non-dual flow of cognition conjoined with means.
295
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What metaphor is used for perfected activity in the Mahāyānasūtrālaṃkāra?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
Like a wish-fulfilling jewel, it grants benefit without seeking reward or recognition.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
296
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How does a buddha teach beings of vastly different capacities simultaneously?
| Frames the integration of conduct and insight.
Through a single utterance manifesting as diverse teachings according to karmic potential.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
297
# [Omniscience]
Why is the realization of the tenth bhūmi said to dissolve even subtle mental obscurations?
| Drawn from bhūmi progression analysis.
## Footnote
Sanskrit: jñeyāvaraṇa (‘obstruction to knowledge’)
Because it transcends dualistic cognition, the root of all conceptual limitation.
| Purifying knowledge obscurations is a key transition from 7th to 8th bhūmi.
## Footnote
Tibetan: ཡེ་ཤེས་སྒྲིབ་པ་ (*ye shes sgrib pa*)
298
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How do bhūmi-level realizations ensure that compassion never wanes?
| Describes transformative power of realization.
They integrate bodhicitta so deeply that concern for others becomes the natural expression of being.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
299
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
What allows a buddha to respond to infinite beings simultaneously?
| Highlights shift from effort to spontaneity.
The dharmakāya's omniscient awareness and the nirmāṇakāya's adaptive function.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
300
# [Advanced Bhūmi]
How is 'bodhisattva laughter' (bodhisattvahāsa) described at the culmination of the path?
| Tied to purification of subtle obscurations.
As a joyous expression of freedom, delighting in the liberation of others without fixation.
| From the 8th onward, a bodhisattva’s actions become expression of direct insight.
