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Flashcards in Lymphatic System Deck (35)
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1
Q

What are the three functions of the Lymphatic System?

A
  • Fluid Balance
  • Fat Absorption
  • Defense
2
Q

How does the lymphatic system regulate fluid balance?

A

Excess interstitial fluid enters lymphatic capillaries and becomes lymph. Small lymphatic vessels are embedded in our tissues and drains fluid to prevent swelling.

3
Q

How does the lymphatic system regulate fat absorption?

A

Fat is absorbed from small intestines via a special lymph vessel called lacteals.

4
Q

How does the lymphatic system help with the bodies defense system?

A

Microorganisms and other foreign substances are filtered from lymph by lymph nodes and from blood by the spleen. Lymphocytes are the major players.

5
Q

What is the composition of lymph?

A

Water plus solutes from nutrients, gases, cells and proteins.

6
Q

How does lymph get its milky appearance?

A

It gets this appearance due to its lipid content.

7
Q

Where does lymph end up once it drains fluid?

A

It drains into the circulatory system.

8
Q

What is the similarity between lymphatic vessels and veins?

A

Lymphatic vessels start from capillaries and they carry fluid away from tissues and they also contain valves.

9
Q

In what direction does lymphatic vessels carry lymph?

A

Carries lymph away from tissues.

10
Q

What are the names of the 5 lymphatic trunks?

A

Jugular, Subclavian, Bronchomediastinal, Intestinal, Lumbar

Lymph trunks drain into lymph ducts.

11
Q

What are the two lymph ducts and there function?

A

They drain tissues and move lymph into major veins.

Right Lymphatic Duct: Drains right side of head, right upper limbs and right thorax.

Thoracic Duct: Drains remainder of body.

12
Q

Which Lymphatic Duct is the largest?

A

Thoracic Duct because it drains the lower body tissues and the left side body tissues.

13
Q

What is the path of lymph?

A

Lymphatic capillaries leave tissues draining fluid –> They pass through lymph nodes –> Lymphatic Vessels –> Form Lymphatic Trunks –> Form Lymphatic Ducts

14
Q

What is the function of lymphocytes?

A

White blood cells derived from bone marrow, and attack pathogens that may be entering the lymph.

15
Q

What is the function of Fine Collagen Reticular Fibers in the lymphatic tissue?

A

Act as a filter to trap pathogens so lymphocytes can deal with them.

16
Q

What are the two types of lymphatic tissue?

A

Encapsulated (surrounded by a capsule) and Unencapsulated.

17
Q

What are tonsils?

A

Large groups of lymphatic nodules in the naso-pharynx and oral cavity

18
Q

What is the function of tonsils?

A

They provide protection against bacteria and other harmful material.

19
Q

What are the three groups of tonsils?

A

Palatine

Pharyngeal

Lingual

20
Q

What is the role of lymph nodes?

A

To filter lymph and eliminate pathogens

21
Q

What are the two parts of the vessels that pass through the lymph nodes?

A

Afferent: Carry lymph to the lymph node to be filtered

Efferent: Carry lymph away from lymph node after it’s been filtered.

22
Q

What is the while pulp of the spleen?

A

Associated with arteries

23
Q

What is the red pulp of the spleen?

A

Associated with veins

24
Q

What is the function of the spleen?

A

Destroys defective RBC’s

Detects and responds to foreign substances

Contains limited reservoir for blood and has ability to contract during extreme blood loss to keep organism alive.

25
Q

What are the major parts of the thymus?

A

Cortex: Outer, contains numerous lymphocytes

Medulla: Inner, contains few lymphocytes

26
Q

What is the role of the thymus?

A

It is the site of maturation of T cells.

27
Q

What is the definition of immunity?

A

Ability to resist damage from foreign substances such as microorganisms and harmful chemicals.

28
Q

What are the two categories of immunity?

A

Innate Immunity

Adaptive Immunity

29
Q

Describe innate immunity

A

Mechanical Mechanisms prevent entry of microbes.

Chemical Mediators promote phagocytosis

Inflammatory Response: local and systemic.

30
Q

Describe adaptive immunity

A

B and T cells are involved in the response.

Specificity: Ability to recognize a particular substance.

Memory: Ability to remember previous encounters with a particular substance and respond rapidly.

31
Q

Where are Pre-B and Pre-T cells formed?

A

They originate from red bone marrow

32
Q

Where do Pre-B cells mature?

A

In the red bone marrow before they are released into the blood.

33
Q

Where do Pre-T cells mature?

A

In the thymus then move into the blood.

34
Q

What do B and T cells do after they migrate into the blood?

A

They populate all lymphtic tissues and respond to infections.

35
Q

What are the mechanical mechanisms of the immune system?

A

Skin, mucous membranes block foreign bodies.

Tears, saliva, and urine flush out bacteria.

Cilia in the respiratory tract.